Deck 12: Prison Life: Living in and Leaving Prison

Question 1

Which theory of collective inmate violence attributes the problem to abrupt crackdowns or changes in inmate freedoms that are implemented by prison administrators?

A)The administrative control theory
B)The responsibility theory
C)The inmate balance theory
D)The hands-off doctrine

Answer 1

C

Question 2

According to the ____ theory, collective violence may also be caused by prison mismanagement, lack of strong security, and inadequate control of prison officials.

A)administrative control
B)administrative balance
C)inmate administrative
D)inmate balance

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Which of the following is not true about the sexual exploitation of female inmates?

A)The acts are usually perpetrated by male members of the prison staff.
B)The acts usually go unreported.
C)Most of the acts are consensual due to isolation and loneliness.
D)The majority of states have passed laws criminalizing staff sexual misconduct.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

The desire for warm stable relationships that are otherwise unobtainable in the prison environment often leads the female inmate to:

A)engage in self-mutilation behavior.
B)develop elaborate black market economies.
C)create make-believe families.
D)marry prison guards and staff.

Question 5

What is the most typical emotion felt by most inmates during the early part of their prison stay?

A)Anger
B)Depression
C)Happiness
D)Deterrence

Question 6

What type of treatment program has flourished under the Bush administration?

A)Behavior modification
B)Milieu therapy
C)Therapeutic community
D)Faith-based rehabilitation

Question 7

What factor is said to have precipitated the "new" inmate culture?

A)Determinate sentencing practices
B)The growing crack cocaine epidemic
C)The Black Power movement of the 1960s and 1970s
D)Increasing levels of prison overcrowding

Question 8

What is one commonly used method for treating drug-dependant inmates in today's prisons?

A)Solitary confinement
B)Therapeutic communities
C)Work furloughs
D)Milieu therapy

Question 9

The "hands-off doctrine" refers to:

A)the inmate code for handling prison snitches.
B)the passive Federal court approach to inmate complaints prior to the 1960s.
C)a correctional policy of segregating HIV-infected inmates from the mainstream population.
D)the Court ruling which forbid the use of corporal punishment in prison.

Question 10

What was the predominant societal view of female inmates at the turn of the 20ᵗʰ century?

A)Depraved people who flaunted conventional rules of female behavior
B)Hardened criminals similar to their male counterparts
C)Sinners in need of religion
D)Witches who should be burned at the stake

Question 11

What was the most widely used device to bring prisoners' complaints before state and federal courts in the late 1960s?

A)The Eighth Amendment's prohibition on cruel and unusual punishment
B)The dictates of the Percy Amendment
C)The National Corrections Act of 1965
D)The Federal Civil Rights Act, 42 U.S.C. 1983

Question 12

Which of the following is not a common difference between female and male inmates?

A)Females tend to be granted more autonomy behind bars than men.
B)Female prisons are generally smaller than male prisons.
C)Females tend to have a higher rate of substance abuse in prison than men.
D)Female prisons tend to be less violent than male prisons.

Question 13

The fact that prisons have inmates locked within their walls, are under constant scrutiny, and are forced to obey rules refers to the concept of:

A)a total institution.
B)the local jail.
C)a complete secure policy.
D)the penitentiary.

Question 14

What is the best estimate of the rate of HIV infection among state and federal prison inmates?

A)2 percent
B)10 percent
C)20 percent
D)33 percent

Question 15

The Court ruling in Dothard v. Rawlinson allowed the state of Alabama to refuse to allow female guards to:

A)supervise male inmates while they shower.
B)marry inmates while in the employ of the state department of corrections.
C)become a surrogate mother for an inmate.
D)be hired if it would put them in significant danger from male inmates.

Question 16

Which of the following is not a common form of inmate vocational program in use today?

A)Work release
B)Private prison enterprise
C)Furlough programs
D)Convict-leasing

Question 17

Which of the following is not a factor contributing to individual violence in prison?

A)History of prior violence
B)Age
C)Psychological factors
D)Prison mismanagement

Question 18

The first prison treatment programs in the United States were:

A)religious.
B)therapeutic.
C)psychological.
D)education.

Question 19

What is the most common outcome for children when a single mother is sent to prison?

A)They are temporarily sent to a foster home or state facility.
B)They are permanently removed from her custody and put up for adoption.
C)They are placed in the care of a relative or family friend.
D)They are housed in a prison nursery.

Question 20

What factor is most responsible for the increasing punishments that women now receive from the courts?

A)Mandatory and determinate sentencing statutes
B)The women's liberation movement
C)The construction of new female institutions
D)The increasing number of female judges

Question 21

Which of the following is a right that is commonly lost by convicted felons?

A)The right to remain married (divorce can be granted to the spouse)
B)The right to hold public office
C)Parental rights
D)All of these

Question 22

New inmates are often called "newjacks."

Question 23

Before the 1960s, it was the norm for convicted criminals to forfeit all rights and be declared civilly dead in the eyes of the state.

Question 24

What did the Farmer v. Brennan decision establish?

A)Inmates have the right to marry other inmates.
B)Inmates are entitled to adequate medical treatment.
C)Inmates may sue if they are injured by another inmate and correctional authorities failed to protect them from harm that was foreseeable.
D)Inmates may sue if correctional officers beat or abuse them.

Question 25

Which of the following factors has been linked to recidivism?

A)A history of physical and sexual abuse
B)Maintenance of criminal peer association
C)Harboring of aggressive feelings
D)All of the above have been linked to recidivism.

Question 26

The inmate balance theory of the cause of collective violence suggests that riots and other forms of collective action occur when prison officials make an abrupt effort to take control of the prison and limit freedoms.

Question 27

Which ruling states that inmates do not have a right to correspond with other inmates even if it concerns legal advice, if prison administrators believe such correspondence undermines prison security?

A)Johnson v. Avery
B)Cooper v. Pate
C)DeMallory v. Cullen
D)Shaw v. Murphy

Question 28

Withholding medical treatment is a violation of the ____ Constitutional Amendment.

A)First
B)Fourth
C)Eighth
D)Fourteenth

Question 29

In the most significant legal case concerning medical rights, the entire Alabama prison system's medical facilities were declared inadequate.

Question 30

In which 1994 case did the court rule that prison officials are legally liable if, knowing that an inmate faces a serious risk of harm, they disregard that risk by failing to take measures to avoid or reduce it?

A)Cooper v. Pate
B)Shaw v. Murphy
C)Estelle v. Gamble
D)Farmer v. Brennan

Question 31

Which case forced corrections department to upgrade prison medical facilities?

A)Procunier v. Martinez
B)Nolan v. Fitzpatrick
C)Newman v. Alabama
D)Bounds v. Smith

Question 32

About 40 percent of all state prison inmates have never been tested for HIV.

Question 33

Inmates must learn to adopt a lifestyle that shields them from victimization while in prison.

Question 34

Which of the following statements is false about the effectiveness of parole?

A)More than half of incarcerated offenders return to prison shortly after their release.
B)Rearrest of offenders is most common in the first six months after release.
C)60 percent of parolees return to prison within three years of their release.
D)The failure rate of parolees has dramatically decreased over the past ten years.

Question 35

What model of early release sets an inmate's release date at the beginning of the term of confinement based on a percentage of the inmate's sentence to be served?

A)Discretionary parole release
B)Mandatory parole release
C)Time served release
D)Truth-in-sentencing model

Question 36

Most female and male inmates have at least one child.

Question 37

Unlike their younger male counterparts, most female inmates are over the age of 30.

Question 38

Before 1960, few women in the United States were in prison.

Question 39

Which of the following is not believed to be a reason that people fail on parole?

A)Parolees are released into the same environment which contributed to their deviant behavior in the first place.
B)Personal deficits that led to an offender's imprisonment are not addressed by institutionalization.
C)The prison experience itself focuses more on punitive efforts than rehabilitation.
D)The parole system places unrealistic expectations on ex-offenders that they cannot possibly meet.

Question 40

The federal government has passed legislation criminalizing staff sexual misconduct against inmates.

Question 41

Given its designed segregation and surveillance, the modern prison is a model ____________________.

Question 42

States place a variety of controls/restrictions on former felons. Discuss several of these restrictions and the impact of such policies on prisoner re-entry.

Question 43

Describe the phenomenon of prison violence. What efforts can be undertaken to reduce the chances of such violence?

Question 44

Helping inmates obtain jobs after release is an example of a ____________________ program.

Question 45

Clemmer coined the term "____________________ process" to refer to an inmate's adjustment to prison life.

Question 46

How and why does the female inmate culture differ from male inmate culture? How do these differences affect adjustment to prison?

Question 47

____________________ was the court case that upheld Alabama's refusal to hire female correctional officers in male prisons.

Question 48

____________________ uses smaller caseloads and closer surveillance and is a form of parole reserved for more serious offenders.

Question 49

Describe the criteria used by the courts in determining whether a punishment constitutes cruel and unusual conduct.

Question 50

Compare and contrast three forms of correctional treatment. Include a discussion of the effectiveness of each treatment.

Question 51

Elaborate three substantive rights granted to prisoners by the courts.

Question 52

While some inmates violate the code and exploit their peers, the ____________________ is someone who uses the inmate social code as his personal behavior guide.

Question 53

Discuss the principles of the hands-off doctrine and how it shaped prisoners' rights prior to 1960.

Question 54

If prison administrators believe that correspondence between inmates undermines prison security, the ____________________ Amendment rights of inmates can be curtailed.

Question 55

Female inmates often form groups called ____________________ to cope with prison life.

Question 56

What are some obstacles faced by the paroled inmate in the community? How do these obstacles influence the likelihood of recidivism?

Question 57

The two distinct theories of the cause of collective violence are the inmate balance theory and the ____________________ theory.

Question 58

Summarize what the text details about female correctional officers.

Question 59

Compare and contrast the inmate balance and administrative control theories on prison riots.

Question 60

The first treatment programs in prison were ____________________.