Deck 4: Police in Society: History and Organization

Question 1

In colonial America, the sheriff did not patrol or seek out crime.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Most early police reform efforts failed because they were initiated by persons outside of the law enforcement community.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

A number of county law enforcement agencies are now engaging in anti-terror and homeland security activities.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

License plate recognition (LPR) technology is used by virtually all police precincts in the United States.​

Question 5

The O.J. Simpson case prompted a major era of police reform.

Question 6

The Texas Rangers were one of the first state police agencies.

Question 7

Thief takers were professional criminals that assisted burglars.

Question 8

​Police unions really began to expand in the 1960s and continued to have a great impact on departmental administration in the 1980s.

Question 9

The US Marshals Service (USMS) is considered a Homeland Security Agency.​

Question 10

Compared to traditional police, private police focus more on loss and less on crime.​

Question 11

The forerunner of today's sheriff in medieval England was the constable.​

Question 12

About 23 state police agencies have the same general police powers as municipal police and are territorially limited in their exercise of law enforcement regulations only by the state's boundaries.​

Question 13

It is currently recognized that a majority of predatory crimes are concentrated in geographic "hot spots."​

Question 14

In medieval England, a group of 10 families who collectively dealt with minor disturbances and breaches of the peace was referred to as the watch system.​

Question 15

Federal police agencies are the only agencies that have not privatized their police services to cut expenses.

Question 16

Private police are subject to the same legal constraints as public police.

Question 17

The belief that government police are not capable of providing the level of service and presence that the public desires is one reason for the popularity of private police.​

Question 18

The first US police departments were created because of the need to control mob violence, which was common during the nineteenth century.

Question 19

The Secret Service is housed by the US Justice Department.​

Question 20

Private police outnumber public police.

Question 21

What was created in 1326 to assist the shire reeve in controlling the county

A)Sheriff
B)Constable
C)Bobbie
D)Justice of the peace

Question 22

In medieval England, the senior law enforcement figure in a county was _________, who is today referred to as a sheriff.​

A)Shire reeve
B)Constable
C)Peace maker
D)Watch commander

Question 23

Which US city created the first formal US police department

A)Boston
B)New York City
C)Philadelphia
D)Chicago

Question 24

Henry Fielding operated his own monied police, referred to as ___________, which attempted to clean up earlier policing efforts by deciding which cases to investigate and which streets to protect.

A)Justices of the peace
B)Friends of Fielding
C)Bow Street Runners
D)Metropolitan Police

Question 25

What were the organized private police that patrolled eighteenth-century England called

A)Constables
B)Shire reeves
C)Bobbies
D)Thief takers

Question 26

Henry Fielding established the first organized police department in London.

Question 27

English police officers are known as bobbies because:

A)their heads often bobbed up and down as they rode the streets of London on horses.
B)Sir Robert (Bobbie) Peel was responsible for their creation.
C)an inordinately large number of the original London metropolitan police force was named Bobbie.
D)they are trained to bob their head whenever a member of the royal family came into view.

Question 28

The shire reeve is a forerunner of today's justices of the peace.

Question 29

During the 1960's civil rights movement police felt that they had been handcuffed by the courts.

Question 30

In early US policing, which area of the country encouraged individual initiative and offered rewards for the capture of felons and law breakers

A)The rural south
B)Western territories
C)The east
D)Most areas employed this practice

Question 31

The US Secret Service was initially tasked with investigating the counterfeiting of US currency and it continues to do so today.

Question 32

What federal program supported innovative research on police work and advanced training for police officers during the 1970s

A)Criminal Justice Institute
B)National Institute of Justice
C)Law Enforcement Assistance Administration (LEAA)
D)Federal Crime Bill

Question 33

Which federal agency has reformulated its priorities, making protection from terrorism the number one goal

A)Secret Service
B)Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)
C)Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)
D)Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)

Question 34

What was one of August Vollmer's greatest contributions to police professionalism

A)Instituted university training for young officers
B)Established the first formal police academy in the United States
C)Was the first president of the International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP)
D)Created the first special weapons and tactics (SWAT) team

Question 35

In the pledge system, people were grouped into families of 10, called _________, and were entrusted with policing their own minor problems.

A)Shire reeve
B)Tithings
C)Peace makers
D)Watch systems

Question 36

Which federal agency is the oldest and is responsible for judicial security and witness protection

A)Secret Service
B)CIA
C)USMS
D)FBI

Question 37

The most prominent technology used in law enforcement is deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) profiling.​

Question 38

Until 1881, the New York police were responsible for street sweeping.

Question 39

Which of the following officers was part of the watch system of policing that thrived in thirteenth-century England

A)Watchmen
B)Shire reeve
C)Justice of the peace
D)All of these

Question 40

The first technological breakthrough in policing came in the area of:

A)transportation.
B)communication.
C)regulation.
D)administration.

Question 41

Since September 11, 2001, which agency is considered the main federal investigative agency for terrorism

A)Secret Service
B)DEA
C)FBI
D)USMS

Question 42

Which federal law enforcement agency has unlimited jurisdiction

A)CIA
B)DEA
C)US Justice Department
D)No federal agency has unlimited jurisdiction.

Question 43

Which of the following is a branch of the DHS

A)Secret Service
B)FBI
C)USMS
D)ATF

Question 44

A DNA match indicates a ________ to 1 chance that the suspect is the offender.

A)1 million
B)5 million
C)1 billion
D)4 billion

Question 45

Computerized mathematical models of a suspect's face constructed from minimal information is referred to as:

A)digital diagrams.
B)genetic algorithms.
C)augmented reality (AR) technology.
D)Automated Biometric Identification System (ABIS).

Question 46

AFIS is a(n):

A)national database of DNA records.
B)computerized fingerprint system.
C)automated stolen vehicle data base.
D)up-to-date fugitive identification system.

Question 47

Approximately _____ percent of local police departments serve populations of fewer than 10,000 people.

A)25
B)50
C)75
D)90

Question 48

What federal agency is responsible for witness security

A)USMS
B)FBI
C)DHS
D)Secret Service

Question 49

A public-private partnership initiative in the New York Police Department (NYPD) called ________ is geared primarily toward equipping the private sector with information and training to effectively defend against terrorism.

A)NYPD SHIELD
B)NYPD-ONE
C)AFIS
D)COLLABORATE

Question 50

Which law enforcement agency is responsible for fugitive investigations

A)Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives (ATF)
B)FBI
C)USMS
D)Secret Service

Question 51

DNA profiling gained national attention due to the ____ trial.

A)Martha Stewart
B)O.J. Simpson
C)Rodney King
D)Scopes Monkey

Question 52

Which federal agency is responsible for protection of the president

A)Secret Service
B)CIA
C)USMS
D)FBI

Question 53

Roughly how many metropolitan police agencies employ just one sworn officer

A)10
B)100
C)650
D)8000

Question 54

What term is used to describe the use of computer software to identify geographic "hot spots" where a majority of predatory crimes are concentrated

A)Crime mapping
B)Combined DNA Index System (CODIS)
C)Data mining
D)Systems analysis

Question 55

Customs and Border Protection is primarily responsible for US borders and points of entry but also encompasses what other area instrumental in that protection

A)Animal and Plant Health Inspection
B)Protection of National Leaders when they leave US borders
C)Investigating illegal drug use
D)Untaxed liquor and cigarettes

Question 56

Which of the following is not a factor that distinguishes private policing from public policing

A)Private policing focuses their efforts on public and private property.
B)Private police are concerned almost solely with prevention.
C)Private policing is concerned more on loss prevention than on crime.
D)Private policing often employs private justice.

Question 57

Police sketch artists and mug books are being replaced with this type of modern technology

A)DNA profiling
B)Automated Fingerprint Identification System (AFIS)
C)Computerized imaging
D)Head-up display units

Question 58

What federal agency is responsible for the transportation of federal prisoners

A)USMS
B)FBI
C)Department of Homeland Security (DHS)
D)Secret Service

Question 59

Which of the following is false regarding the use of DNA

A)DNA profiling allows suspects to be identified on the basis of genetic material.
B)The United States is the only country with a DNA database.
C)The US is the only country with a DNA database.
D)DNA fingerprinting is used as evidence in criminal trials in many states.

Question 60

Which state had the earliest example of state police

A)Massachusetts
B)Pennsylvania
C)Texas
D)Arizona

Question 61

Turmoil and crisis were hallmarks of policing during the _____.

Question 62

Since the early 1920s and continuing to present day, strides have been made to keep policing professional and educated, and several efforts have been made to increase the caliber of police officers. The public has always been critical of these changes because they often come as a response to an incident.
Dissatisfied with their status in society, which event occurred to heighten interest in police reform

A)Boston Police Strike
B)Rodney King beating
C)Watts Riot
D)Bow Street Run

Question 63

Since the early 1920s and continuing to present day, strides have been made to keep policing professional and educated, and several efforts have been made to increase the caliber of police officers. The public has always been critical of these changes because they often come as a response to an incident.
What era was deemed one of reform, where police should be evaluated on their courteousness and helpfulness, not for their crime-fighting abilities

A)1960s
B)1970s
C)1980s
D)1990s

Question 64

Mark is learning about the history of police. He wants to find out if police were always the way they are now: those who protect the public, serve the community, and attempt to catch criminals. He dives into his history book and finds that the first organized police force was established in 1829.
In his studies of policing before 1829, Mark learns about what early practice

A)Just and peaceful patrol
B)Public justice and town hangings
C)Tithings and the hue and cry
D)Peacekeeping and patrol

Question 65

The municipal police department in a large city in Nebraska is hiring. They want new and fresh recruits that can assist them in technological advances, information sharing, and targeting the war on terror. Bryan has just been recruited.
Bryan has been asked to brief his superiors on law enforcement and technology. He is likely to discuss what concepts

A)Shire reeve and the LEAA
B)IACP and Bobbies
C)Texas Rangers and NYPD SHIELD
D)LPR and hot spots

Question 66

The policy of self-help that prevailed in villages demanded that everyone respond if a citizen raised a ___________ to get their aid.

Question 67

Since the early 1920s and continuing to present day, strides have been made to keep policing professional and educated, and several efforts have been made to increase the caliber of police officers. The public has always been critical of these changes because they often come as a response to an incident.
Sylvester joined the police force right out of high school and has just received his college degree and some advanced training from the police. This will help him do his job better and is thankful to the:

A)IACP
B)LEAA
C)Master of Public Administration (MPA)
D)Bachelor of Scientific Research (BSR)

Question 68

____________________ is credited with the passage of the Metropolitan Police Act that established the first organized police force in London.

Question 69

The municipal police department in a large city in Nebraska is hiring. They want new and fresh recruits that can assist them in technological advances, information sharing, and targeting the war on terror. Bryan has just been recruited.
Bryan has been considering a career move to some form of surveillance or policing that focuses on loss instead of crime. Where would Bryan most likely be successful

A)Office of Homeland Security
B)Private policing
C)USMS
D)FBI

Question 70

The ____________________ was considered by many to be the most important law enforcement officer in colonial America.

Question 71

The ____________________ was created to help the shire reeve in controlling the county and later took on judicial functions.

Question 72

The municipal police department in a large city in Nebraska is hiring. They want new and fresh recruits that can assist them in technological advances, information sharing, and targeting the war on terror. Bryan has just been recruited.
Bryan's role of using technology in policing is somewhat new, but when he looks back at the history of the police, he can see that much of what he does with wiretapping and surveillance was determined by the courts in the _____.

A)
B)1980s
C)1990s
D)2000s 1970s

Question 73

Mark is considering a career in law enforcement and would like to stay in his hometown providing basic law enforcement services. But, he is also interested in the court system and public order. What is the best fit for Mark's aspirations

A)State police
B)County police
C)Sheriff
D)Municipal police

Question 74

The thirteenth century of policing can be described as an era where police were:

A)night watchman, carried out investigations, executed warrants, and secured prisoners.
B)everyone, charged with the task of protecting their neighbors and town.
C)mostly private-monied police whose use of violence was notorious.
D)corrupt and unsuccessful at stopping crime and influenced by the wealthy.

Question 75

Secret Service is a branch of the Department of ____________________.

Question 76

The origin of US police agencies can be traced to early ____________________ society.

Question 77

The ____________________ are responsible for fugitive investigations.

Question 78

Mark wants to work in the federal law enforcement field, with historical roots in crime fighting. He wants a versatile job. He should seek employment as an:

A)FBI agent
B)CIA analyst
C)DHS agent
D)USMS agent

Question 79

The ____________________ assists local and state authorities in investigating illegal drug use.

Question 80

As the eighteenth century began, rising crime rates encouraged a new form of private paid police called ____________________, who were able to profit both legally and criminally from the lack of formal police departments.