Deck 5: Social Reason, Conflict, and Delinquency

Question 1

_____ theorists view delinquency as a normal response to the conditions created by capitalism.

A)Control
B)Labeling
C)Conflict
D)Reality

Answer 1

C

Question 2

According to Becker those kids who engage in delinquency and also get caught and labeled are called _____.

A)Conformists
B)Pure deviants
C)Falsely accused
D)Secret deviants

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The roots of social reaction theory can be found in a branch of sociology known as
_____.

A)Symbolic interaction
B)Functionalism
C)Conflict theory
D)Evolutionary theory

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Social conflict theory is also called _____ theory.

A)Neutralization
B)Social control
C)Labeling
D)Critical

Question 5

Going to court and being scolded by a judge would be an example of _____.

A)The dramatization of evil
B)A retrospective reading
C)A degradation ceremony
D)Reintegrative shaming

Question 6

_____ deviance occurs when a deviant event comes to the attention of significant others or social control agents who apply a negative label.

A)Primary
B)Covert
C)Overt
D)Secondary

Question 7

Critical theorists believe _____ has replaced imperialism and colonization as a new form of economic domination and oppression.

A)The court system
B)The military
C)Political policy
D)Globalization

Question 8

The reassessment of a person's past to fit a current generalized label is referred to as a
_____.

A)Self-fulfilling prophecy
B)Retrospective reading
C)Reintegrative shaming
D)Degradation ceremony

Question 9

Social reaction theory is also commonly called _____ theory.

A)Conflict
B)Social control
C)Labeling
D)Critical

Question 10

_____ wrote about the plight of the African American community resulting from the effects of globalization.

A)Howard Becker
B)John Braithwaite
C)William Julius Wilson
D)Frank Tannenbaum

Question 11

Deviant behavior patterns that are a response to an earlier labeling experience are known as _____.

A)Reintegrative shaming
B)Secondary deviance
C)Self-fulfilling prophecy
D)Dramatization of evil

Question 12

According to Becker those kids who continually break rules but are able to avoid labeling are
Called _____.

A)Conformists
B)Pure deviants
C)Falsely accused
D)Secret deviants

Question 13

_____ theory emphasizes that those with money and power succeed in shaping the law to meet their needs and maintain their interests.

A)Labeling
B)Control
C)Social conflict
D)Differential association

Question 14

According to _____ theory, society creates deviance through a system of social control
Agencies that designate certain individuals as delinquent, thereby stigmatizing youths and
Encouraging them to accept this negative personal identity.

A)Conflict
B)Labeling
C)Social control
D)Differential association

Question 15

______ deviance involves norm violations or crimes that have very little influence on the actor and can be quickly forgotten.

A)Primary
B)Covert
C)Overt
D)Secondary

Question 16

Introduced by _____, the concept of primary and secondary deviance has become a standard view of the labeling process.

A)Frank Tannenbaum
B)Kai Erickson
C)Edwin Lemert
D)John Braithwaite

Question 17

_____, the public identity of an offender is transformed in a solemn process during which the targeted person is thrust outside the social mainstream.

A)Reintegrative shaming
B)Self-fulfilling prophecy
C)Degradation ceremonies
D)Dramatization of evil

Question 18

According to _____, moral entrepreneurs are people who construct rules.

A)Frank Tannenbaum
B)Marvin Krohn
C)Howard Becker
D)Edwin Lemert

Question 19

_____ adversely influences decision making in many critical areas of the justice system.

A)Gender bias
B)Age
C)Parental disinterest
D)Racial bias

Question 20

_____ theory is oriented toward the economic and political interests of those in power.

A)Conflict
B)Social reaction
C)Social control
D)Differential association

Question 21

_____ refers to something, such as a possession, rank or activity, by which one's social or economic prestige is measured.

Question 22

_____ would reject concepts such as "punishment," "deterrence," and "incarceration."

A)Labeling
B)Restorative justice
C)Incapacitation
D)Deinstitutionalization

Question 23

Peacemaking techniques in which offenders, victims, and other community members are
Brought together in an effort to formulate a sanction that addresses the needs of all are referred to as_______________.

A)Community restitution
B)Reintegrative shaming
C)Sentencing circles
D)Intermediate sanctions

Question 24

_____ involves the victim and offender along with the family, friends, and key supporters of both in deciding the resolution of the delinquent act.

A)Family Group Conferencing
B)Balanced Justice
C)Reintegrative Shaming
D)Neutralization

Question 25

_____ holds that a person becomes immoral when people label them as such.

Question 26

The text tells us that in _____, criminal prosecution proceeds only when the normal process of public apology, compensation, ,and the victim's forgiveness breaks down.

A)Germany
B)Sweden
C)England
D)Japan

Question 27

_____ deviants are youth who continually break the rules but are able to avoid labeling.

Question 28

Techniques used to allow offenders to understand and recognize their wrongdoing and shame themselves are referred to as _____.

A)Degradation ceremonies
B)Retrospective reinterpretation
C)Reintegrative shaming
D)Deinstitutionalization

Question 29

According to social conflict theory, society is in a constant state of _____ as different groups strive to impose their will on others.

Question 30

The reassessment of a person's past to fit a current generalized label is referred to as a
_____.

Question 31

In some _____ communities, people accused of breaking the law meet with community members, victims (if any), village elders, and agents of the justice system in a sentencing circle.

A)Asian American
B)Polish
C)Italian
D)Native American

Question 32

The process of removing juveniles from adult jails and placing them in community-based
programs to avoid the stigma attached to these facilities is referred to _____.

Question 33

Using humanistic, nonpunitive strategies to right wrongs and restore social harmony is referred to as ________________.

A)Labeling
B)Restorative justice
C)Balanced justice
D)Deinstitutionalization

Question 34

Alternative community-based sanctions substituted for state training schools is a policy known as _____.

A)Deinstitutionalization
B)Neutralization
C)Reintegrative
D)Diversion

Question 35

A public procedure (such as being scolded by a judge) that can transform youthful offenders by thrusting them outside the social mainstream is called a ____.

Question 36

According to the text, _____ is extremely damaging because if may cause adolescents to seek deviant peers whose behavior amplifies the effect of the labeling.

A)School failure
B)Parental labeling
C)Adjudication
D)Community labeling

Question 37

________argued that the real goal of the child-saving movement was to maintain order and control while preserving the existing class system

A)Frank Tannenbaum
B)John Braithewaite
C)Anthony Platt
D)Travis Hirschi

Question 38

The concept of primary and secondary deviance has become a standard view of the labeling process, this theory was introduced by _____.

Question 39

_____ deviance refers to deviant acts that define the actor and create a new identity.

Question 40

The process of social typing that transforms an offender's identity from a doer of evil to an evil person is referred to as the _____.

Question 41

Using humanistic, nonpunitive strategies to right wrongs and rebuild social harmony is referred to as _____.

Question 42

Explain the sources of labels and how labels can be critical.Do you agree with this idea? Why or why not?

Question 43

Pure deviants are those kids who continually break rules but are able to avoid labeling.

Question 44

A peacemaking technique through which offenders, victims, and other community members are brought together in an effort to formulate a sanction that addresses the needs of all is referred to as _____.

Question 45

_____ is/are hardest hit by globalization.

Question 46

Discuss the four quadrants of Howard Becker's table of deviance and reaction.Do you agree or disagree with Becker's theory, why or why not?

Question 47

Define and explain social labeling theory.In your explanation, provide examples of how the theory is used to explain human behavior..Do you agree or disagree with this theory, why or why not?

Question 48

Conflict theorists suggest that the justice system is effective in limiting delinquency.

Question 49

Secondary deviance occurs when a deviant event comes to the attention of significant
others or social control agents who apply a negative label.

Question 50

John Braithwaite introduced the concept of reintegrative shaming.

Question 51

Explain differential label and why it happens.What is your view on differential labeling? Explain.

Question 52

The process of creating a worldwide economy through transnational markets and political and legal systems is referred to as _____.

Question 53

Gordon Bazemore argues that restorative programs should focus on the concept of _____.

Question 54

The concept of restorative justice has its roots in symbolic interaction theory.

Question 55

Labeling theory explains how sustained delinquent behavior stems from destructive peer relationships.

Question 56

According to social conflict theory, those who hold power in contemporary society set the rules, control the law, and decide who is deviant, delinquent, and/or criminal.

Question 57

To drive home the point that the youthful suspect is an outcast who should be shunned by
society, the justice system relies on a degradation ceremony.

Question 58

Social reaction theory is also commonly called critical theory.

Question 59

Explain Edwin Lemert's concept of primary and secondary deviance.Which is more detrimental and why? Discuss your view of this theory.

Question 60

The reassessment of a person's past to fit a generalized label is referred to as retrospective reading.

Question 61

What is damaged identity? Do you agree or disagree with the idea that once labels are applied they increase the likelihood of persistent offending? Explain.

Question 62

Explain globalization and delinquency.Do you agree or disagree with the premise that globalization will have a profound influence on the future of indigent youth? Explain.

Question 63

Explain balanced and restorative justice (BARJ).Do you agree or disagree that justice is best served when the victim, community and offender are viewed as equal clients of the justice system? Why or why not?

Question 64

Explain the relationship between class and delinquency.Do you agree that the capitalist system affects youth differently at the different class levels? Why or why not?

Question 65

List and explain the elements generally included in restoration programs.What is the intent of these programs? What is your view on restoration programs? Explain.