Deck 13: Juvenile Justice

Question 1

_____ determined that the Fourth Amendment applies to school searches.

A)New Jersey v.T.L.O.
B)Vernonia School District v.Acton
C)Kent v.United States
D)Thompson v.Oklahoma

Answer 1

A

Question 2

_____ refers to a care facility developed by the child savers to protect potential criminal youths by taking them off the street and providing a family-like environment.

A)House of refuge
B)Settlement houses
C)Reform schools
D)Group homes

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The first House of Refuge was located in _____.

A)Chicago
B)Philadelphia
C)New York
D)Atlanta

Answer 3

C

Question 4

The first juvenile court was established in _____.

A)Chicago
B)New York
C)Philadelphia
D)Boulder

Question 5

What was the purpose of the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children?

A)To prevent delinquency by picking up children and placing them in reform schools
B)To take children from the streets of large cities and placed them with farm families on the prairie.
C)To remove abused and neglected children from their homes and assisted the court in making placement decisions.
D)To place abused children on orphan trains to be sent West.

Question 6

The first juvenile court was established in _____.

A)1850
B)1899
C)1920
D)1945

Question 7

The criminal trial is called a _____ in the juvenile justice system.

A)Hearing
B)Fact finding session
C)Mediation
D)Junior trial

Question 8

Child skills training, parent management training, and parent education programs such as home visiting are examples of _____ aimed at tackling risk factors and preventing delinquency.

A)Early childhood programs
B)Elementary enrichment programs
C)Teen moms programs
D)Parent and school connection programs

Question 9

The Children's Aid Society can be described as:

A)A child saving organization that took children from the streets of large cities and placed them with farm families on the prairie.
B)A child saving organization that took children away from abusive parents and placed them in shelters.
C)The organization, created by the child savers, whose primary focus was on preventing delinquency by picking up children and placing them in reform schools.
D)The organization, created by the Quakers, to prevent children from being abused by punishing the parents by criminally prosecuting them.

Question 10

Child saving organizations influenced the _____ to enact laws giving courts the power to commit children who were runaways or criminal offenders to specialized institutions.

A)State legislatures
B)Federal government
C)Local governments
D)State judiciary

Question 11

When the juvenile court was first created,_____ was the standard of proof required to
Adjudicate a child delinquent.

A)Beyond a reasonable doubt
B)Probable cause
C)Clear and convincing
D)Preponderance of the evidence

Question 12

Trains in which urban youths were sent West for adoption with local farm couples were called ______.

A)Freedom trains
B)Orphan trains
C)Children's trains
D)Refuge trains

Question 13

A typical resident of the House of Refuge devotee most of his/her time to _____.

A)Education
B)Religious instruction
C)Supervised labor
D)Vocational training

Question 14

_____ and _____ generated the belief that certain segments of the population (i.e., youths in urban areas) were susceptible to the influences of their decaying environment.

A)Urbanization, industrialization
B)Gangs, settlement houses
C)Immigration, industrialization
D)Urbanization, gangs

Question 15

The first Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children was established in _____.

A)1850
B)1874
C)1899
D)1911

Question 16

Smart Start is designed to ensure children _____ before starting school.

A)Can count to 10
B)Know the alphabet
C)Have appropriate social skills
D)Are healthy

Question 17

The creation of the House of Refuge was largely due to the efforts of the _____.

A)Quakers
B)Mormons
C)Catholics
D)Protestants

Question 18

Most kids were sent to houses of refuge because of _____ and _____ and were sentenced or committed indefinitely until they reached adulthood.

A)Truancy, petty crime
B)Gambling, petty crime
C)Vagrancy, petty crime
D)Runaways, petty crime

Question 19

_____ was instrumental in the development of the Children's Aid Society.

A)Oliver Wendell Holmes
B)Charles Loring Brace
C)Emile Durkheim
D)Mark Paul Gosselaar

Question 20

_____ determined that a child has due process rights, such as having an attorney
Present at waiver hearings.

A)New Jersey v.T.L.O.
B)Vernonia School District v.Acton
C)Kent v.United States
D)Thompson v.Oklahoma

Question 21

______ is the juvenile equivalent of sentencing for adult offenders.

Question 22

What percent of children arrested are referred to the juvenile court?

A)33%
B)50%
C)70%
D)90%

Question 23

_____ suggest that the court scale back its judicial role and transfer its functions to community groups and social service agencies.

Question 24

According to your text, status offenders are defined as _____.

A)Children who commit an act that would be classified as a crime if they were adults
B)Children who have been adjudicated delinquent
C)Children in need of supervision
D)Children who are abused/neglected and commit crimes to survive

Question 25

The document filed in juvenile court alleging that a juvenile is a delinquent, a status offender, or a dependant and asking that the court assume jurisdiction over the juvenile is called the _____.

Question 26

What do judges generally do with repeat juvenile offenders who are deemed untreatable by juvenile authorities?

A)The court sentences the juvenile to a detention center until they are 21.
B)The child is transferred to adult court.
C)The child remains in juvenile court.
D)The court declines to prosecute this type of child and refers him or her to an adult treatment facility.

Question 27

The most commonly used formal sentence for juvenile offenders is referred to as _____.

A)Incarceration
B)Wilderness camp
C)Residential treatment facility
D)Probation

Question 28

What is known as a reduction in charges in adult criminal court is known as _____ in juvenile court.

A)Adjudication
B)Petition
C)Substitution
D)Adjustment

Question 29

The organization that protected children subjected to cruelty and neglect at home or at school was called the _____.

Question 30

Secure pre-trial holding facilities for juveniles are called ____.

A)Boot camps
B)Detention centers
C)Jails
D)Secure group homes

Question 31

The ______ is the oldest federal agency for children in the United States.

Question 32

The _____ created the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention.

A)Illinois Juvenile Court Act of 1899
B)Omnibus Safe Streets and Crime Control Act
C)Crime Prevention and Control Act of 1950
D)Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974

Question 33

In _____ the Court held that the Fourth Amendment's guarantee against unreasonable searches is not violated by the suspicionless drug testing of all students choosing to participate in interscholastic athletics.

A)New Jersey v.T.L.O.
B)Vernonia School District v.Acton
C)Kent v.United States
D)Thompson v.Oklahoma

Question 34

The _____ Amendment to the U.S.Constitution places limitations on police interrogation procedures.

A)Fourth
B)Fifth
C)Sixth
D)Eighth

Question 35

_____ children are those who fall under a jurisdictional age limit and who commit an act in violation of the penal code.

Question 36

_____ have laid down the constitutional requirements for juvenile court proceedings.

Question 37

_____ refers to the trial stage of the juvenile court process.

A)Adjudication
B)Disposition
C)Waiver hearing
D)Detention hearing

Question 38

_____ advocates want to reduce the court's jurisdiction over juveniles charged with serious crimes and liberalize the prosecutor's ability to try them in adult courts.

Question 39

_____ is the first step in the juvenile justice process.

Question 40

_____is the procedure of separating adjudicatory and disposition hearings so different levels of evidence can be heard at each.

Question 41

Discuss the conflicting values in juvenile justice.In considering the conflict, which view most aligns with your views? Explain.

Question 42

Today, juvenile justice systems exist in all states by _____.

Question 43

Community-based diversion and day treatment are types of graduated sanctions for _____.

Question 44

Discuss the impact of urbanization on delinquency in the late 18ᵗʰ to early 20ᵗʰ century.

Question 45

Discuss the child saving movement.

Question 46

Crime control advocates suggest that the court scale back its judicial role and transfer
its functions to community groups and social service agencies.

Question 47

Appellate courts have ruled that if minimum treatment is not provided, the youth must be _____.

Question 48

The adjudication is the trial stage of the juvenile court process.

Question 49

The U.S.Supreme Court alone changed the shape of juvenile justice.

Question 50

Truancy and incorrigibility were added to the jurisdiction of many juvenile court systems by the 1920s.

Question 51

In 1912, the U.S.Children's Bureau was formed as the first state child welfare agency.

Question 52

Discuss the Illinois Juvenile Court Act; include the key provision of the act.

Question 53

Intervention programs are focused on teenage youths considered to be at higher risk for engaging in petty delinquency acts, using drugs or alcohol, or associating with antisocial peers.

Question 54

By segregating delinquent children from adult offenders, society has placed greater importance on the delinquent being a child rather than being a criminal.

Question 55

Since the mid-twentieth century, the juvenile court has ensured treatment programs for juvenile offenders at the expense of their constitutional rights.

Question 56

Discuss the juvenile justice process; include a brief description of each step in the process.

Question 57

Juveniles have a constitutional right to jury trial.

Question 58

The current juvenile justice system exercises jurisdiction over two distinct categories of offenders: _____ and _____.

Question 59

A _____ strategy focuses on delinquency prevention as well as expanding options for handling juvenile offenders.

Question 60

Teen courts are geared toward young juveniles with no prior arrest records who are
charged with minor law violations.

Question 61

Discuss the finding of the National Research Council and Institute of Medicine's Panel on Juvenile Crime in regard to prevention and intervention programs.Do you agree or disagree with the panel? Explain.

Question 62

Discuss prevention programs in regard to risk factors faced by young children.Do you think these are viable programs for preventing delinquency? Explain your view.

Question 63

Compare and contrast the similarities between the juvenile and adult systems.

Question 64

Discuss intervention programs, provide examples.Explain your view on these programs.

Question 65

According to the text, teen courts may also encourage communities to take a more active role in responding to juvenile justice.Discuss the four potential benefits offered by the authors in regard to teen court.Would you agree or disagree with these benefits? Explain.