Deck 6: The Cloud

Question 1

Why is the term pooled used to describe the cloud?

Answer 1

Cloud resources are pooled because many different organizations use the same physical hardware,which they share through virtualization.Cloud vendors dynamically allocate virtual machines to physical hardware as customer needs increase or decrease.

Question 2

Cloud vendors do not benefit from economies of scale.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Before the creation of personal computers,time-sharing vendors provided slices of computer time on a use-fee basis.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

An organization that hires cloud services ________.

A)can accommodate an increase in traffic from only one city
B)is allowed to change its computer hardware requirements only once in an hour
C)can limit the response time of its Web pages
D)is given access only to a single server

Question 5

As standard practice,customers are regularly updated by cloud vendors about the location and number of copies made of their data.

Question 6

Which of the following statements is true of Web services?

A)They are programs designed using the concept of service-oriented architecture.
B)They are programs that comply with IEEE 802.3 protocol standard.
C)They are programs that comply with Web service standards and can only run as an independent program.
D)They are designed in such a way that they cannot be flexibly combined with other programs.

Question 7

Service oriented architecture (SOA)is a way of designing computer programs so that they can be combined flexibly.

Question 8

What does the term elastic in the definition of the cloud mean?

A)It means that the computing resources leased can be increased or decreased dynamically in cloud-based hosting.
B)It means that the operations staff manually allots fresh resources when the traffic increases.
C)It means that the customers are provided a consistent bandwidth on the cloud.
D)It means that the resources available for cloud-hosting are shared among customers.

Question 9

Which of the following statements is true of cloud-based hosting?

A)It makes scaling up to meet the demands of increased traffic difficult.
B)It involves the risk of investing in technology that may soon become obsolete.
C)It gives greater control over physical location of data.
D)It gives little visibility over the security being used to protect data.

Question 10

To use cloud-based hosting,an organization will have to construct its own data center.

Question 11

Cloud resources are pooled because many different organizations use the same physical hardware.

Question 12

What are the disadvantages of cloud-based hosting?

Question 13

Organizations that are required by law to have physical control over their data can benefit from cloud computing using private clouds and virtual private clouds.

Question 14

Cloud-based hosting is preferred by organizations that are required by law to have physical control over their data.

Question 15

What are the factors that have made cloud-based hosting advantageous?

Question 16

Which of the following is an advantage of in-house hosting?

A)It requires very small capital.
B)It gives greater control over the location of data.
C)It has the ability to adapt to growing or fluctuating demands.
D)It eliminates the risk of obsolescence.

Question 17

Which of the following statements best defines the cloud?

A)The cloud is the elastic leasing of pooled computer resources over the Internet.
B)The cloud is a peer-to-peer network used to share data between users.
C)The cloud is the elastic leasing of in-house computer hardware.
D)The cloud is the network of servers hosted in-house by an organization for its own requirements.

Question 18

Which of the following factors has contributed to an increase in the popularity of cloud hosting?

A)demand for services that can run without the support of the Internet
B)development of virtualization technology that allows near-instantaneous creation of new virtual machines
C)development of Web services that can be accessed without meeting the service-oriented architecture specifications
D)increase in the cost of processors,data communication,and data storage

Question 19

Why is cloud hosting preferred to in-house hosting?

Question 20

Why is the term elastic used to describe the cloud?

Question 21

Content delivery networks (CDNs)increase a Web page's load time.

Question 22

Organizations can dynamically reuse servers that use Web services internally by ________.

A)creating a private cloud
B)replicating the servers
C)allocating different servers for different services
D)making the servers elastic

Question 23

The cloud-based service that provides the hardware and allows customers to load an operating system of their choice is known as ________.

A)application virtualization
B)platform as a service (PaaS)
C)infrastructure as a service (IaaS)
D)network functions virtualization (NFV)

Question 24

A routing server determines which content delivery network (CDN)server should respond to a request in real time.

Question 25

A user can receive various pieces of a Web page from different servers on a content delivery network (CDN).

Question 26

Explain why cloud-based hosting does not make sense for some organizations.

Question 27

Content delivery networks (CDNs)are used to store and deliver content that rarely changes.

Question 28

A ________ is an information system that stores user data in many different geographical locations and makes that data available on demand.

A)virtual private network
B)content delivery network
C)wide area network
D)local area network

Question 29

An online service provider provides its users with hosted computers,an operating system,and a database management system (DBMS).This allows customers to add their own applications to the hosted services.Which of the following cloud-based offerings is being provided to the users?

A)unified communications as a service (UCaaS)
B)platform as a service (PaaS)
C)infrastructure as a service (IaaS)
D)software as a service (SaaS)

Question 30

A content delivery network (CDN)services a user's request using the geographically closest server.

Question 31

An organization's internal information system that does not provide elasticity is still considered a cloud.

Question 32

An elastic load balancer is a feature available in a private cloud that is not available in internal information systems,built using Web services.

Question 33

Which of the following statements is true of content delivery networks (CDNs)?

A)They reduce access costs by delivering data faster.
B)They distribute data on different servers without any data replication.
C)They use geographic proximity as the factor to decide which server should deliver a requested content.
D)They use predetermined servers to deliver content to each location irrespective of traffic changes.

Question 34

An internal information system built using Web services is said to be using the cloud if it ________.

A)allocates specific servers to each task
B)offers elasticity in the usage of servers
C)uses the Intranet
D)provides platform as a service (PaaS)

Question 35

Which of the following is a reason for an internal information system that uses Web services to not be considered a cloud?

A)The number of servers is fixed and is not made elastic.
B)Idle servers are dynamically re-allocated.
C)Data transfer is enabled without dependency on the Internet.
D)Web service standards are not followed,as they are confined within the limits of a company.

Question 36

A content delivery network (CDN)provides a specialized type of platform as a service (PaaS).

Question 37

Which of the following is an advantage of a content delivery network?

A)It increases the load time of Web pages for the users.
B)It provides protection from denial-of-service (DOS)attacks.
C)It increases the reliability by storing the data on a single,large server.
D)It increases the load on the original server.

Question 38

To use software as a service (SaaS),a user has to just sign up for the service and learn how to use it.

Question 39

Explain how software as a service (SaaS)works.

Question 40

Phobas Inc.offers an online service that stores notes made by customers on the cloud.When a customer enters notes on a device,it gets updated in all the devices he/she owns.Which of the following cloud-based offerings does Phobas Inc.provide to its customers?

A)unified communications as a service (UCaaS)
B)platform as a service (PaaS)
C)software as a service (SaaS)
D)infrastructure as a service (IaaS)

Question 41

Sireus Corp.has availed a cloud-based service.As this service provides hardware and operating systems,Sireus Corp.can easily install its software on this cloud product.Which of the following services has the company availed from its cloud vendor?

A)unified communications as a service (UCaaS)
B)infrastructure as a service (IaaS)
C)platform as a service (PaaS)
D)software as a service (SaaS)

Question 42

If software licensed from others is to be installed on the cloud,licenses that permit replication must be purchased.

Question 43

A vendor providing software as a service (SaaS)usually makes the software available as a thin-client.

Question 44

Which of the following is an advantage of a private cloud in an organization?

A)It reduces the complexity involved in using other publicly available cloud services.
B)It eliminates the need to use an additional secure network to access this cloud from outside the organization.
C)It allows the organization to repurpose its idle servers for use to other organizations.
D)It allows the organization to manage its servers with elastic load balancing.

Question 45

Which of the following is an advantage of a virtual private network (VPN)?

A)It can be used to physically connect a client and the server.
B)It helps to securely access information over the public Internet.
C)It facilitates easy access to an organization's data without requiring security access.
D)It does not depend on the Internet to function effectively.

Question 46

What are the advantages of building an internal information system using Web services?

Question 47

A small company is likely to choose infrastructure as a service (IaaS)as it does not require much technical expertise to load operating systems on a server.

Question 48

Which of the following is a difference between a virtual private network (VPN)and a virtual private cloud (VPC)?

A)A VPC uses encrypted connections between the users and its server,while a VPN does not use such secure connections.
B)A VPC can be accessed over the Internet,while a VPN cannot be accessed over the Internet.
C)A VPC does not facilitate data storage,while a VPN allows the storage of a user's most important data.
D)A VPC provides the advantages of cloud storage,but a VPN by itself cannot provide these advantages.

Question 49

Which of the following is true of a virtual private network (VPN)?

A)It provides a secure connection for information transmitted over the public Internet.
B)It does not encrypt messages.
C)It is confined to be used within an organization.
D)It can be used to store highly sensitive information of an organization.

Question 50

Which of the following statements is true of private clouds?

A)Private clouds are easy to build and operate.
B)Several organizations pool their resources to form a private cloud.
C)Private clouds provide access from outside an organization that it created without requiring a person to connect to a virtual private network.
D)Idle servers in a private cloud cannot be repurposed for use by other organizations.

Question 51

Explain with an example how platform as a service (PaaS)works.

Question 52

A tunnel is a virtual,private pathway over a public or shared network from the virtual private network (VPN)client to the VPN server.

Question 53

Which of the following is an advantage of using a private cloud over a virtual private cloud (VPC)?

A)Unlike a VPC,the infrastructure required for a private cloud can be built and operated easily.
B)Unlike a VPC,a private cloud can be created and used without the Internet.
C)Unlike a VPC,a private cloud can be built on top of a public cloud infrastructure.
D)Unlike a VPC,a private cloud does not require permission from regulating bodies to host sensitive data.

Question 54

Which of the following statements is true of a virtual private cloud (VPC)?

A)A VPC does not make use of a virtual private network.
B)A VPC generally stores an organization's most sensitive data.
C)A VPC can be accessed only from within an organization.
D)A VPC can be built on a public cloud infrastructure.

Question 55

Database management system (DBMS)products are included in infrastructure as a service (IaaS).

Question 56

A virtual private network uses the Internet to create the appearance of private,secure connections.

Question 57

Explain how a content delivery network ensures fast delivery of data on demand.

Question 58

A virtual private network (VPN)uses encryption and decryption to protect VPN communications from snooping.

Question 59

If an organization opts for software as a service (SaaS),it will have to ________.

A)install an operating system on the server
B)purchase licenses for software replication
C)transfer data and develop procedures
D)install a database management system

Question 60

What is a virtual private network?

A)It is a markup language that fixes several HyperText Markup Language (HTML)deficiencies and is commonly used for program-to-program interaction over the Web.
B)It is an add-on to browsers that was developed by Adobe and is useful for providing animation,movies,and other advanced graphics inside a browser.
C)It is the most common language for defining the structure and layout of Web pages.
D)It is a connection that uses the Internet to create secure point-to-point connections.

Question 61

A remote system designed by Alpha Solutions uses cameras and motion-sensing equipment to issue tickets for traffic violations.This system is an example of ________.

A)telediagnosis
B)teleassessment
C)telelaw enforcement
D)teleinstruction

Question 62

Large Web farms are likely to replace in-house servers used by small companies due to the benefits of cloud computing.

Question 63

Remote action systems increase time and travel expenses.

Question 64

Explain how a user in a hotel in Los Angeles can connect to a local area network (LAN)at a Michigan site using a virtual private network?

Question 65

Cloud computing can enable organizations to readily obtain elastic resources at very low costs.

Question 66

How are communications secured from snooping in a virtual private network?

Question 67

What is a private cloud? What are its limitations?

Question 68

Cloud computing is likely to lead to an increase in the number of technology-based startups.

Question 69

Teleaction increases the value of local mediocrity.

Question 70

Telediagnosis uses telecommunications to link surgeons to robotic equipment at distant locations.

Question 71

A virtual private cloud allows organizations to gain the advantages of cloud storage for the portion of data that need not be physically controlled.

Question 72

Which of the following is likely to be a consequence of cloud computing in the future?

A)The preference to set up one's own computing infrastructure will increase among organizations.
B)The cost of obtaining elastic resources will decrease.
C)The demand for employees who know how to use and manage information systems will reduce.
D)The number of technology-based startups will stagnate.

Question 73

What is a virtual private cloud? What are its advantages?

Question 74

A(n)________ is an information system (IS)that provides computer-based activity at a distance.

A)transport driver interface
B)content delivery network
C)indexing service system
D)remote action system