Deck 7: The Flowering and Dissolution of Medieval Civilization

Question 1

The chansons de geste are best associated with

A) love poetry.
B) songs of troubadours.
C) heroic deeds.
D) ribald peasant tales.
E) peasant rebellions.

Answer 1

heroic deeds.

Question 2

Saint Anselm was known for

A) writing the Summa Theologica.
B) a disreputable affair with Heloise, which he eventually disavowed.
C) arguing that faith is the basis of philosophical speculation.
D) analyzing the Trinity in a way that angered churchmen.
E) disputing the existence of God.

Answer 2

arguing that faith is the basis of philosophical speculation.

Question 3

The geocentric model of the universe fit with the Christian worldview in that

A) it accorded with the idea that God created the universe for human beings.
B) some monotheistic groups worshipped the sun.
C) Christians did not think of heaven as a physical place.
D) Christians were opposed to sun worship because it was pagan.
E) it put man at the highest rung of the cosmic ladder.

Answer 3

it accorded with the idea that God created the universe for human beings.

Question 4

Medieval theorists would have refuted the view that

A) stars were constantly moving in relation to the earth and to each other.
B) the universe was earth centered.
C) the earthly realm consisted of earth, air, fire, and water.
D) celestial bodies were composed of ether, a matter different from earth.
E) God transmitted motion to the planetary spheres.

Question 5

During the Middle Ages,scientific works were available to the West because

A) it was preserved by the Church.
B) Muslim Portugal was an important cultural center at the time.
C) Jews and Greeks from the East taught at Bologna.
D) Islamic and Byzantine civilizations had preserved and added to Classical Greek knowledge.
E) was the result of the Carolingian Era.

Question 6

Sic et Non was an effort to demonstrate that

A) there was an irreconcilable conflict between reason and faith and that the Christian must choose faith.
B) different theologians had conflicting opinions and hence, the enterprise of theology in general was vain.
C) Aquinas's Summa Theologica was methodologically flawed.
D) the conflicting opinions of theologians could be reconciled through reasoned argument (dialectics).
E) there were no conflicting opinions between faith and reason.

Question 7

Which of the following medieval scientists was the chancellor of Oxford University?

A) Avicenna
B) Robert Grosseteste
C) Galen
D) Hippocrates
E) Albert

Question 8

University students who studied medicine in the Middle Ages studied the works of which two great medical men of the ancient world?

A) Ptolemy and Aristotle
B) Plato and Socrates
C) Hippocrates and Galen
D) Thales and Anaximander
E) Anaximenes and Pythagoras

Question 9

Roger Bacon (c.1214−1294)is remembered for his

A) estimate of the circumference of the Earth.
B) castration of Abelard.
C) opposition to the use of Arab medical texts in Christendom.
D) realization of the potential power of the experimental method of scientific investigation.
E) translation and commentary of ancient Arabic works.

Question 10

According to the author,the core of the medieval Christian worldview was that

A) God determined the rules for leading a good life and that conclusions derived from reason were secondary to divine revelation.
B) when reason and revelation seemed to be in conflict, individuals should follow the dictates of reason.
C) the Greco-Roman cultural heritage was pagan and hence should be rejected in favor of the divine revelations of Scripture.
D) each individual had to follow his or her own path to God.
E) the good life was of this world.

Question 11

Which work is sometimes called "the Iliad of the Germans"?

A) Beowulf
B) The Divine Comedy
C) Siegfried
D) Nibelungenlied
E) The Song of Roland

Question 12

One may correctly say that Thomas Aquinas

A) gained the greatest fame in writing Summa Magisteria.
B) brilliantly integrated the philosophy of Aristotle with Christian thought.
C) always held that secular knowledge should be supervised and be held in conformity to revealed truth.
D) advanced beyond the restrictions of medieval thought.
E) distinguished the irreconcilable differences between faith and reason.

Question 13

During the High Middle Ages,the geocentric theory

A) refuted Aristotelian views.
B) offered basic geometry.
C) was accepted by the clergy.
D) proposed that mathematics was the basic language of the universe.
E) was based on the sun as the center of the universe.

Question 14

All of the following were problems in the Late Middle Ages except

A) decline in agricultural production.
B) the Black Death.
C) peasant revolts.
D) starvation and malnutrition
E) increased population.

Question 15

In the early Middle Ages,the principal education centers of Western Christendom were

A) monastery schools.
B) universities.
C) cathedral schools.
D) parish schools.
E) All of these

Question 16

The importance of Chaucer's The Canterbury Tales was that

A) it provided a first hand description of the Black Plague.
B) it was written in vernacular French.
C) it described the death of Joan of Arc.
D) it was denounced by the church.
E) it was literary picture of its time.

Question 17

When Aristotle's writings were translated into Latin and reintroduced to the West

A) church scholars accepted them enthusiastically.
B) church scholars largely discounted them as pagan delusions.
C) there was controversy about whether they would endanger faith.
D) there were doubts about whether the writings were really Aristotle's.
E) they were found to be synonymous with Christian beliefs.

Question 18

Each of the following statements describe important differences between Romanesque and Gothic architecture except

A) Romanesque buildings used rounded arches, while Gothic buildings used pointed ones.
B) Gothic buildings had larger windows than Romanesque buildings.
C) Gothic buildings used flying buttresses, while Romanesque buildings did not.
D) Gothic building created an illusion of lightness and soaring energy, while Romanesque buildings produced an impression of massive solidity.
E) Romanesque buildings had large spaces for windows and Gothic buildings did not.

Question 19

All of the following are medieval epics except

A) The Song of Roland.
B) Nibelungenlied.
C) the tales of King Arthur and his Round Table.
D) the Divine Comedy
E) The Iliad.

Question 20

Which of the following was not a factor in the cultural flowering of the twelfth century?

A) The Carolingian Renaissance was rejected for new ideas.
B) The end of invasions permitted more travel and more political stability.
C) There was recognition of the importance of classical contributions.
D) There was increasing commerce and the literacy skills associated with it.
E) Contacts with Islamic and Byzantine cultures led to the translation into Latin of ancient Greek works.

Question 21

How does Marsiglio's critique anticipate modern political thought?

A) Theocracies are best to enforce Christian values.
B) States and their principles have nothing to do with religious commands.
C) Political systems deal with supernatural
D) State laws originate from a higher realm.
E) Political thinkers should attempt to make the earthly realm confirm to the articles of faith.

Question 22

The idea behind the Conciliar Movement would have

A) created a general council limiting papal power.
B) developed a new procedure for electing popes.
C) abolished monasteries and convents.
D) reunited the Greek Orthodox and Roman churches.
E) created a movement by lay people in the church.

Question 23

William of Ockham was concerned with

A) protecting the Jewish community from attack during the Black Death.
B) writing tracts that supported papal authority.
C) determining whether reason was capable of supporting faith.
D) experimenting with grains to improve the food supply.
E) determining the rational foundation of faith.

Question 24

Which act by Pope Boniface led to his capture at the papal summer palace in Anagni in September 1303?

A) He threatened to excommunicate King Philip.
B) He threatened to move the papal seat from France to Rome.
C) He threatened to abdicate his position as pope.
D) He threatened to go to war against King Philip.
E) He threatened to oppose the Conciliar Movement.

Question 25

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Crystalline Heaven

Question 26

By the "Thomistic synthesis" the author means

A) Duns Scotus's view of papal and monarchical power as complementary.
B) Thomas Aquinas's view of papal and monarchical power as complementary.
C) Duns Scotus's theology that integrated faith and reason.
D) Thomas Aquinas's theology that integrated faith and reason.
E) Thomas Aquinas's view that theology and philosophy are two separate areas of knowledge.

Question 27

Who of the following was the chief proponent of the view that faith was beyond reason?

A) Thomas Aquinas
B) Marsiglio of Padua
C) Anselm
D) William of Ockham
E) John Wycliffe

Question 28

Which uprising in France claimed the lives of 20,000 people?

A) The Peterloo massacre
B) The Waterloo massacre
C) The Jacquerie
D) The wage earners rebellion
E) The Waldensian revolt

Question 29

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Irnerius

Question 30

The most valid conclusion about the effect of the Black Death was that it

A) spread quickly through Europe in one decade.
B) was probably carried by cats.
C) resulted in death for about one-quarter to one-third of the population.
D) would have been much worse, except the population was fairly well nourished.
E) claimed more lives in the small towns than in the crowded cities.

Question 31

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
The Canterbury Tales

Question 32

During the Babylonian captivity,the popes were all

A) Italian.
B) French.
C) English.
D) Spanish.
E) Belgian.

Question 33

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Gothic architecture

Question 34

With which of the following statements about the Late Middle Ages would historians disagree?

A) Trade diminished and towns declined.
B) General councils contested papal power.
C) Peasant violence was not confined to one country.
D) About one-quarter to one-third of the European population perished in the worst disaster in recorded history caused by natural forces.
E) Agricultural advances continued to supply enough food.

Question 35

Which of the following statements about the Great Schism is correct?

A) The French monarch believed it was important to support Urban VI.
B) The Holy Roman Emperor, from the start, refused to get involved in the issue.
C) At one time, there were three men who claimed to be pope.
D) The Great Schism ended in 1414.
E) All of these

Question 36

One can say of Joan of Arc that

A) her story was thrilling, but her life had little impact on the French.
B) in spite of her aristocratic birth, the peasants loved her.
C) propagandists claimed that she was sent by God to help the French, but she never claimed that divine mission.
D) she helped to rescue the French from the English at a time that the French had almost won the war.
E) she was imprisoned by the English.

Question 37

The papal residence at Avignon was related to

A) an attempt to live an austere life, removed from the luxury of Rome.
B) a temporary residence set up at the French frontier.
C) an attempt to resolve the Hundred Years' War.
D) a reform movement encouraged by bishops and cardinals.
E) the pope's attempt to challenge the French King Philip.

Question 38

____ wrote The Defender of the Peace.

A) John of Paris
B) Giles of Rome
C) Marsiglio of Padua
D) Abelard of Clairvaux
E) None of these

Question 39

Which of the following popes issued the Clericis Laicos?

A) Gregory VIII
B) Urban II
C) Clement III
D) Boniface VIII
E) Benedict XI

Question 40

John Wycliffe believed that the sacraments

A) were necessary for salvation.
B) were necessary for salvation except when no priest was available when an individual died.
C) should be limited to two alone, baptism and extreme unction.
D) were unnecessary for salvation.
E) represented the body and blood of Christ.

Question 41

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Jacquerie

Question 42

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Henry V

Question 43

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Crécy

Question 44

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

On the map of Europe,note the location where the following occurred: the humiliation of the pope at Anagni; the Babylonian Captivity at Avignon; and the Church Councils held at Pisa,Basel,and Constance.

Question 45

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Robert Grosseteste

Question 46

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Conciliar Movement

Question 47

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

On the map of Europe,locate where the following intellectuals worked or taught: Thomas Aquinas at Paris; Robert Grossteste,at the University of Oxford near London; Albert the Great at Paris; and Anselm in Normandy.

Question 48

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Lollards

Question 49

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

How might Aristotle's philosophy imperil Christian thought? How successful was the church in banning Aristotelian ideas?

Question 50

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Jan Hus

Question 51

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Great Schism

Question 52

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

Discuss the worldview of the Middle Ages,noting why it was different from the Greco-Roman perspective.

Question 53

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Dante Alighieri

Question 54

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

Locate on the map of Europe the site of the following battles of the Hundred Years' War: Orléans,Poitiers,Crécy,and Agincourt.

Question 55

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Calais

Question 56

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Gregory XI

Question 57

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Nibelungenlied

Question 58

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Roman law

Question 59

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).


-On the map of Europe,locate approximately where the troubadours of courtly love were prominent.Locate the University of Bologna.

Question 60

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Philip IV

Question 61

In the eleventh and twelfth centuries,the center of study on Roman law was ​

A) ​Cologne
B) ​Bologna
C) ​Milan
D) ​Avignon
E) ​Oxford

Question 62

​All of the following are true of how the concept courtly love required knights to demonstrate their worthiness except

A) ​recitation of poetry
B) ​bravery
C) ​patience
D) ​bathe often
E) ​marriage

Question 63

Which two medieval thinkers studied the refraction of light and optics

A) ​Thomas Aquinas and Albert Magnus​
B) ​Roger Bacon and Robert Grosseteste​
C) ​Adelard of Bath and Albert Magnus​
D) ​Heloise and Peter Abelard​
E) ​Robert Grosseteste and Thomas Aquinas

Question 64

The Pope that returned the papacy to Rome in 1377 was​​

A) ​Gregory XI​
B) ​Boniface VIII​
C) ​Clement V​
D) ​Benedict XI​
E) ​Innocent III

Question 65

​Which statement best describes the accomplishments of medieval thinkers in the area of science

A) ​set the stage for modern science by inventing analytical geometry and calculus
B) ​proved that the sun was at the center of the universe
C) ​created a clear break between theology and natural science
D) set the stage for the emergence of modern science by translating and commenting on ancient texts
E) ​influenced Arab thinkers by introducing the study of optics to the wider world

Question 66

​Within medieval universities the best minds were most likely to study

A) ​mathematics
B) ​theology
C) ​astronomy
D) ​medicine
E) ​law

Question 67

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

In what ways did Roman law influence the Middle Ages?

Question 68

​How did medieval thought connect reason and religion within their view of the universe?

Question 69

​All of the following are accurate descriptions of the Great Schism except

A) ​the schism ended in 1417 with the election of a new pope
B) ​the Council of Pisa attempted to resolve the schism but failed
C) ​Pope Urban VI excommunicated Clement VII who excommunicated Urban VI
D) ​at one point Christendom had three popes
E) ​throughout the struggle the cardinals were unified behind Urban VI

Question 70

The supporters of John Wycliffe were known as ​

A) ​Waldensians
B) ​Lollards
C) ​Dominicans
D) ​Aristotelianism
E) ​Lutherans

Question 71

​Joan of Arc led French troops to victory at the battle of

A) ​Crecy
B) ​Poitiers
C) ​Agincourt
D) ​Orléans
E) ​Calais

Question 72

​Roman law differed from Germanic law by

A) ​preferring tribal application to state standards
B) ​demanding that all laws parallel religious beliefs
C) ​assuming the existence of universal principles that could be grasped by humans and expressed in laws
D) ​placing all judicial authority in the power of the Roman Catholic Church
E) ​rejecting rationality as a standard of inspection

Question 73

Dante Alighieri is most associated with which work​

A) ​The Song of Roland
B) ​The Divine Comedy
C) ​Summa Theologica
D) ​Corpus Juris Civiliis
E) ​Entre en Espagne

Question 74

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

Describe the causes of the Great Schism and discuss how it offers evidence of a deep malaise within the Roman Church.

Question 75

All of the following statements about the Hundred Years War are true ​except

A) ​The French defeat at the Battle of Agincourt left them vulnerable to absorption into the English throne
B) ​Joan of Arc was condemned as a heretic and burned at the stake
C) ​English longbows were routinely defeated by the French cavalry
D) ​the fighting contributed to periods of unrest such as the Jacquerie​
E) ​the war witnessed the rise of an incomplete but initial national unity

Question 76

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

How was learning revived in the Middle Ages? What was the role of the first universities in this educational revival?

Question 77

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

Discuss the status of the papacy in the fourteenth century.Was it a period during which the papacy had to choose between spiritual and secular leadership?

Question 78

​Medieval thought most closely aligned with which statement

A) ​reason trumped all other knowledge
B) ​science could uncover new truths
C) ​reason was not independent and could not reject supernatural truth
D) ​scholastic study must be independent of church beliefs
E) ​mathematics was the basis of all knowledge

Question 79

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

Discuss three individuals whose studies during the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries contributed to the development of a more scientific approach to nature.Comment on the character of their work.

Question 80

Peter Abelard faced opposition from which theologian​

A) ​Saint Anselm​
B) ​Thomas Aquinas​
C) ​Bernard of Clairvaux​
D) ​Saint Augustine​
E) ​Saint Dominic