Deck 14: Education, health and Medicine

Question 1

The extent of schooling in a society is closely tied to its level of economic development.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

The concept "functional illiteracy" refers to people who leave school before graduating.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Currently,there is a surplus of teachers in the United States.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Dropping out of school greatly reduces a person's chance to earn a good income.

Question 5

In India,fewer boys than girls reach secondary school.

Question 6

About half of U.S.adults are now college graduates.

Question 7

More students graduate from high school in Japan than in the United States.

Question 8

From a sociological point of view,"health" is sometimes a matter of having the same diseases as one's neighbors.

Question 9

Jonathan Kozol considers tracking as one of the "savage inequalities" of U.S.education.

Question 10

In the United States,schooling is an important path to upward social mobility.

Question 11

On average,completing a college degree adds about $50,000 to a person's lifetime earnings.

Question 12

From a social-conflict perspective,schooling in the United States transforms social privilege into personal merit.

Question 13

Because the United States is so rich,almost 90 percent of students attend private schools.

Question 14

Heart disease and cancer are the leading killers in low-income nations.

Question 15

Social inequality affects a society's patterns of health.

Question 16

Almost 3 percent of school-age children in the U.S.are home schooled.

Question 17

Providing schooling is one way our society increases equality of opportunity.

Question 18

Regardless of the level of a school's funding,students who benefit from more "cultural capital" would still do better.

Question 19

Theodore Sizer maintains that,in order to do their job well,U.S.schools need to be large and bureaucratic.

Question 20

12.Rather than creating violence,in most cases violence spills into schools from the surrounding society.

Question 21

As a result of cigarette smoking,some 440,000 people in the United States die prematurely every year.

Question 22

Holistic medicine seeks to change the focus of medical practice from treating symptoms of disease to preventing disease and promoting health.

Question 23

Advances in human genetics hold out promise to prevent disease but also raise ethical issues about how this technology should be used.

Question 24

Industrialization gradually led to dramatic improvements in human health.

Question 25

About half of all physicians in the United States are women.

Question 26

In the United States,the infant mortality rate among low-income children is about the same as the rate for children of the wealthy.

Question 27

People with more money to spend are more likely to become obese.

Question 28

"Type A personalities," linked to the concept of masculinity,are harmful to human health.

Question 29

37.Social definitions have little to do with the reality of health and illness;these are simply medical conditions involving human biology.

Question 30

The acceptance of the scientific model of medicine in the United States was symbolized by the founding of the American Medical Association in 1847.

Question 31

Social-conflict analysis claims the profit motive enhances the quality of medical care in the United States.

Question 32

Gonorrhea and syphilis can be cured with penicillin.

Question 33

The world region with the highest rate of HIV infection is the Middle East.

Question 34

Parsons claimed that to qualify for the sick role,a person must want to become healthy and act in ways to restore health.

Question 35

Education is the social institution by which society provides people with important knowledge,including

A)job skills.
B)basic facts and information.
C)cultural norms and values.
D)All of these responses are correct.

Question 36

Eating disorders are a result of how our society defines success and attractiveness among women.

Question 37

Active euthanasia refers to using a physician's services to bring about a patient's death.

Question 38

About one month after being infected,most people with HIV begin to display symptoms.

Question 39

Social epidemiology is the study of how health and disease are distributed throughout a society's population.

Question 40

AIDS kills more people in the United States each year than diseases caused by cigarette smoking.

Question 41

The functions of schooling include

A)socializing the young.
B)cultural innovation.
C)helping to integrate a diverse society.
D)All of these responses are correct.

Question 42

In 2009,men accounted for what share of all U.S.undergraduate college students?

A)73 percent
B)63 percent
C)53 percent
D)43 percent

Question 43

Poor health in low-income nations reflects which of the following factors?

A)limited safe drinking water
B)limited access to medical personnel
C)the lack of a nutritious diet
D)All of these responses are correct.

Question 44

54.People over the age of twenty-five now account for about what percentage of all people in degree granting programs?

A)5 percent
B)20 percent
C)40 percent
D)60 percent

Question 45

Which of the following is a latent function of schooling?

A)ensuring some common culture
B)teaching about the U.S.way of life
C)providing child care
D)teaching job skills

Question 46

Comparing school performance,researchers have found that the main cause of the achievement gap between rich and poor children is

A)differences in schools.
B)differences in home environments.
C)differences in personal ability.
D)differences in personal health.

Question 47

The problem of functional illiteracy means that

A)many young people leave school without having learned basic skills.
B)many older people have forgotten the lessons they learned in school.
C)a significant number of U.S.children never attend school.
D)many teachers in U.S.schools do not know how to teach.

Question 48

Assume that you support the school choice movement.What are you likely to say is the reason that U.S.public schools perform poorly?

A)Schools have no competition.
B)Some schools lack adequate funding.
C)The nation has a high poverty rate.
D)Too many parents are not involved in the schools.

Question 49

According to the World Health Organization,about how many of the world's people suffer from serious illness caused by poverty?

A)1 million
B)10 million
C)1 billion
D)10 billion

Question 50

Getting into college in Japan,compared to the United States,is more a matter of

A)athletic ability.
B)performance on achievement tests.
C)family ties.
D)being rich.

Question 51

49.Which of the following correctly states the effect of additional schooling on average lifetime income?

A)Earning a high school diploma and a college degree do not change average lifetime income levels.
B)Earning a high school diploma does not affect income,but earning a college degree raises lifetime income.
C)Earning a high school diploma raises income,but earning a college degree does not affect lifetime income.
D)Earning a high school diploma and earning a college degree both raise lifetime income levels.

Question 52

In low-income nations,MOST education is a matter of

A)formal schooling and then college.
B)what families and other community members teach their children.
C)what children can teach themselves.
D)teaching by religious leaders.

Question 53

In the United States today,what percentage of people over the age of twenty-five have earned a four-year college degree?

A)30 percent
B)50 percent
C)75 percent
D)90 percent

Question 54

In poor nations around the world,about what percentage of children die before they reach their first birthday?

A)3 percent
B)10 percent
C)50 percent
D)90 percent

Question 55

During the early decades of the Industrial Revolution

A)rapidly growing cities had poor sanitation.
B)factories fouled the air with smoke.
C)workplace accidents were common.
D)All of these responses are correct.

Question 56

Magnet schools encourage

A)students to specialize in specific areas of study.
B)school busing for cultural diversity.
C)students to take control of their own learning.
D)students to complete their education in fewer years.

Question 57

On which of the following continents do we find the MOST countries with high rates of illiteracy?

A)Africa
B)Europe
C)South America
D)North America

Question 58

An example of the advantage of cultural capital in U.S.schooling is parents who

A)spend more time reading to their children.
B)value schooling and encourage their children.
C)encourage the development of imagination in their children.
D)All of these responses are correct.

Question 59

Society shapes human health because

A)cultural patterns define what is or is not healthy.
B)social inequality affects a population's health.
C)society's technology affects people's health.
D)All of these responses are correct.

Question 60

Which of the following concepts refers to the practice of including people with disabilities in regular educational classes and programs?

A)tracking
B)mainstreaming
C)chartering
D)the magnet school policy

Question 61

Research shows that masculinity is linked to health because

A)our culture's definition of masculinity encourages stress and heart disease.
B)men learn to be strong and avoid illness.
C)men avoid many of the lifestyle dangers common to women.
D)None of the other responses is correct.

Question 62

An exception to the general decline of infectious diseases in the United States is the increase in ______ after 1960.

A)cancer
B)obesity
C)flu
D)sexually transmitted diseases

Question 63

In the United States,how does life expectancy of white people compare to that of black people?

A)It is four years longer.
B)It is about the same.
C)It is two years shorter.
D)It is four years shorter.

Question 64

Which of the following factors has a strong link to life expectancy?

A)race
B)gender
C)social class
D)All of these responses are correct.

Question 65

Which sexually transmitted disease infects 24 million U.S.adolescents and adults (about one in six)?

A)syphilis
B)genital herpes
C)gonorrhea
D)AIDS

Question 66

The concept of "euthanasia" refers to

A)assisting in the death of a person suffering from a terminal illness.
B)a person's legal "right to die."
C)providing medical treatment to seriously ill people.
D)providing medical assistance to those who cannot afford it.

Question 67

Which of the following diseases is the biggest killer in today's high-income nations?

A)heart disease
B)influenza
C)pneumonia
D)diabetes

Question 68

Which of the following is the MOST common way people in the United States pay for medical care?

A)private insurance programs
B)the government's universal health care program
C)HMOs
D)Medicare and Medicaid

Question 69

Which of the following categories of the U.S.population has the highest life-expectancy?

A)white men
B)white women
C)African American men
D)African American women

Question 70

Which of the following is a factor contributing to widespread obesity in U.S.society?

A)Fewer of today's jobs involve the physical labor common in the past.
B)More work around the house is done by machines.
C)The typical diet involves both more food as well as more salty and fatty food.
D)All of these responses are correct.

Question 71

In which of the following nations does the government control most health care?

A)China
B)Great Britain
C)Japan
D)the United States

Question 72

In the United States,the MOST widespread health problem related to eating is

A)anorexia.
B)bulimia.
C)obesity.
D)None of the other responses is correct.

Question 73

Holistic medicine asserts that

A)the most important task is treating symptoms of disease.
B)patients should rely on themselves-not just physicians-to ensure their health.
C)treatment of patients should be impersonal.
D)All of these responses are correct.

Question 74

The greatest preventable cause of death in the United States is

A)sexually transmitted diseases.
B)automobile accidents.
C)cigarette smoking.
D)drinking alcohol.

Question 75

Which of the following is an example of a chronic illness?

A)influenza
B)cancer
C)accidents
D)pneumonia

Question 76

Scientific medicine typically develops in

A)pastoral societies.
B)agrarian societies.
C)industrial societies.
D)All of these responses are correct.

Question 77

The concept "socialized medicine" refers to which of the following?

A)government insurance programs that pay for medical care
B)a medical system mostly owned and operated by the government
C)programs to improve health by giving people support groups
D)All of these responses are correct.

Question 78

Which of the following world regions is experiencing the most severe epidemic of AIDS?

A)Latin America
B)sub-Saharan Africa
C)the Middle East
D)eastern Asia

Question 79

Which of the following categories of people in the United States is especially likely to smoke cigarettes?

A)married people
B)divorced people
C)people with college degrees
D)people in the labor force

Question 80

Read the following statements about health in the United States.Which of the statements is correct?

A)The children of rich families have the best health in the world.
B)Children in poor families are as vulnerable as children in some low-income nations.
C)High-income people assess their own health more positively than low-income people.
D)All of these responses are correct.