Deck 8: Hypnosis and Drugs

Question 1

The best-known test for susceptibility to hypnosis is called the:

A) Stanford-Binet Scale of Hypnotic Susceptibility
B) Stanford Hypnotic Susceptibility Scale
C) Michigan Test of Hypnotic Persuadability
D) Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory

Answer 1

Stanford Hypnotic Susceptibility Scale

Question 2

In the late 1700s,a force called "animal magnetism" (later called hypnosis)was introduced by:

A) Anton Mesmer
B) Sigmund Freud
C) Ernest Hilgard
D) Herman Von Hypnos

Answer 2

Anton Mesmer

Question 3

What is the popular name of d-lysergic acid diethylamide?

A) LSD
B) cocaine
C) caffeine
D) magic mushrooms

Answer 3

LSD

Question 4

____ is a situation or set of procedures in which one person suggests to another changes in sensation,perception,thoughts,feelings,or behaviors.

A) Social influence
B) Hidden observer
C) Hypnosis
D) Conformity

Question 5

The theory of hypnosis,which states that the hypnotized individual is disconnected from reality,is called:

A) altered state theory
B) sociocognitive theory
C) hypnotic analgesia theory
D) stimulus control theory

Question 6

Albert Hofmann's strange bike ride was the result of:

A) a post hypnotic state
B) LSD
C) sleep deprivation
D) alcohol intoxication

Question 7

The responsiveness of the subject undergoing hypnotic induction depends most on:

A) the specific method of induction
B) the hypnotist's ability to put the subject to sleep
C) the subject's susceptibility
D) the hypnotist's interpersonal skill

Question 8

Which of the following variables is related to susceptibility to hypnosis?

A) intelligence
B) gullibility
C) willpower
D) history of responding to imaginative suggestions

Question 9

Eric is not easily hypnotized.How common is Eric's low susceptibility?

A) About 20% of adults have low susceptibility.
B) About 30% of adults have low susceptibility.
C) About 40% of adults have low susceptibility.
D) About 50% of adults have low susceptibility.

Question 10

If you had attended one of Anton Mesmer's healings,what would you have heard him say about how various symptoms were cured?

A) "I will give my specially formulated medicine to this patient."
B) "Please tell me all that you remember about your dream."
C) "Hypnosis will cure this patient's problems; she will focus on my swinging watch."
D) "I will pass a force called animal magnetism through my patient's body."

Question 11

What happens to one's susceptibility to hypnosis as they age?

A) It continues to change until late adulthood.
B) Susceptibility decreases through midlife and then it increases.
C) Remains stable across the lifetime.
D) Susceptibility increases through midlife and then it decreases.

Question 12

Michael Nash argues that hypnosis puts clients into a(n):

A) altered state
B) hidden observer frame of mind
C) unconscious-like state
D) trance-like state

Question 13

Can everyone be easily hypnotized?

A) Yes-about 80% have high susceptibility
B) Yes-about 99% have high susceptibility
C) No-there are not enough high-quality hypnotists
D) No-only about 10-15% have high susceptibility

Question 14

You are writing a paper on the altered-state theory of hypnosis.As you are researching the theory,you find a statement that doesn't seem to fit your understanding of the theory.Which of the following statements is inconsistent with the theory?

A) Hypnosis disconnects the person from reality.
B) The hypnotized person does things without conscious intent.
C) The hypnotized person is able to respond to suggestions.
D) The unhypnotized part of the brain does not receive any sensations or perceptions.

Question 15

What do hypnosis and LSD have in common?

A) They were both discovered by accident by Sigmund Freud.
B) At one time, they were both illegal-now just LSD is.
C) Both have the ability to alter one's consciousness.
D) Both of them can have therapeutic benefits such as losing weight.

Question 16

You are watching a movie in which the main character agrees to be hypnotized.The hypnotist suggests that the character focus on an object and then suggests that he is getting sleepy.Then the character,while hypnotized,engages in a criminal act.What is your educated response to this depiction of hypnosis?

A) People who are hypnotized keep to their standards of morality.
B) A hypnotist could force a person to become hypnotized.
C) Hypnosis can make people do things they consider wrong.
D) This Hollywood depiction of the dangers of hypnosis is accurate.

Question 17

Jacques LeBeau lives in Paris in 1795.He has been suffering ulcers.He visits Anton Mesmer to cure his ulcers.Which of the following treatments does Mesmer offer to Jacques?

A) systematic desensitization
B) the use of animal magnetism
C) an antibiotic
D) a prescription for cocaine

Question 18

One of the first challenges the hypnotist has in hypnotizing someone is to:

A) tell the individual to focus on an object
B) create an expectation that hypnosis is an interesting experience
C) suggest that the individual is feeling sleepy
D) create a sense of trust with the individual

Question 19

The Stanford Hypnotic Susceptibility Scale consists of:

A) a series of both simple and complex suggestions
B) several medical tests such as MRI
C) a number of survey items assessing a person's beliefs in hypnosis
D) an intelligence test and a personality test

Question 20

Who discovered LSD in his laboratory?

A) Sigmund Freud
B) Albert Hofmann
C) Anton Mesmer
D) Milton Erickson

Question 21

Carrie is watching a television show that claims people can go back and relive childhood experiences through hypnosis.Carrie has just read Module Eight and correctly remembers that these individuals are:

A) actually experiencing a posthypnotic suggestion
B) acting in ways they expect children to act
C) probably actually experiencing age regression
D) likely not to remember what happened during hypnosis because of posthypnotic amnesia

Question 22

"I know I was hypnotized,but that's all I can remember." This could be an example of:

A) posthypnotic suggestion
B) posthypnotic amnesia
C) hypnotic sensation
D) imagined perception

Question 23

Kris rids herself of headaches by hypnotic suggestions.Which of the following is she experiencing?

A) age regression
B) posthypnotic amnesia
C) hypnotic analgesia
D) imagined perceptions

Question 24

The fact that hypnotic behavior can occur without being hypnotized supports the idea that:

A) the hypnotist has unexplainable power over the subject
B) hypnosis is due to the subject's imaginative suggestibility
C) hypnosis occurs because of a hidden observer
D) hypnosis is a trance-like state where the subject has high suggestibility

Question 25

Making the suggestion to subjects to think of pain as more or less unpleasant had no effect on what brain area?

A) occipital lobe
B) temporal lobe
C) frontal lobe
D) parietal lobe

Question 26

Brad attends a hypnosis show.He goes up on stage and performs many interesting behaviors.Later he tells his friends that he was just going along with the hypnotist because he felt social pressure.Brad's experience supports the idea of hypnosis:

A) as an altered state of consciousness
B) from a trance state perspective
C) as just a stage of sleep
D) from a sociocognitive perspective

Question 27

The altered-state theory of hypnosis suggests that hypnosis:

A) is a stage of sleep
B) is a form of social behavior
C) results from a person's disconnection from reality
D) results from a person's imagination

Question 28

Imagine that you have observed a person being hypnotized.The hypnotist says that the person can perform behaviors without conscious intent.The hypnotist adheres to the ____ theory of hypnosis.

A) behavioral
B) altered-state
C) psychodynamic
D) sociocognitive

Question 29

The effects of hypnosis are seen as demonstrating the subject's:

A) lack of willpower to the commands of the hypnotist
B) gullibility
C) imaginative suggestibility
D) obedience to the hypnotist who is an authority figure

Question 30

The behaviors that are seen in hypnotized subjects are also seen in subjects not hypnotized.This supports the ____ theory of hypnosis.

A) altered-state
B) trance state
C) sociocognitive
D) Freudian

Question 31

As part of a hypnosis demonstration,Anthony is told that when he is awakened from the hypnotic trance,he will have forgotten the number 7.When he is awakened and asked to count from 1 to 10,he skips over 7.Anthony is exhibiting which of the following?

A) a posthypnotic suggestion
B) age regression
C) analgesia
D) an imagined perception

Question 32

Hypnosis can modify:

A) a person's perception of pain
B) the number of pain messages that reach the brain
C) pain receptors in the skin
D) the type of pain messages that reach the brain

Question 33

Rachel was hypnotized and told that she would not remember what happened.But,you don't believe that she has really forgotten the experience.You press her and keep asking her to remember.What is most likely to happen?

A) Rachel will remember everything about her experience.
B) She will start showing signs of age regression.
C) Rachel will remember some aspects of the experience.
D) Rachel will continue to say that she does not recall anything about the experience.

Question 34

Lance has recently been hypnotized to manage his chronic back pain.The posthypnotic suggestion to think about his pain as less unpleasant results in:

A) decreased activity in the frontal lobe
B) increased activity in the frontal lobe
C) reduced sensations of pain
D) increased perceptions of pain elsewhere in his body

Question 35

After reviewing many studies on age regression in hypnosis,one scientist concluded:

A) age regression is a viable technique for therapy
B) adults could in fact "go back" to their childhood
C) there was no evidence of subjects actually reliving childhood experiences
D) more research needed to be done

Question 36

When given a cue,a subject who was recently hypnotized,performs a particular behavior.The subject was given a(n):

A) hidden suggestion
B) imagined suggestion
C) hypnotic exhortation
D) posthypnotic suggestion

Question 37

You are watching a friend acting like a duck on stage at a hypnosis show.You lean over to the person sitting next to you and say,"She feels social pressure from the audience and hypnosis allows her to act like a duck." Your statement best illustrates the ____ theory of hypnosis.

A) hidden observer
B) altered-state
C) sociocognitive
D) humanistic

Question 38

A client who undergoes hypnosis for pain and reports a reduction in the unpleasant feeling of pain has experienced:

A) hypnotic analgesia
B) imagined perception
C) posthypnotic amnesia
D) posthypnotic suggestion

Question 39

While subjects report a reduction in the unpleasant feelings of pain because of hypnosis,they:

A) later report the pain returning
B) still took pain medication
C) still had sensations of pain
D) still believed that hypnosis was not effective in pain management

Question 40

Those who argue the sociocognitive theory of hypnosis believe that the behavior seen in hypnotized people is due to:

A) the ability to respond to imaginative suggestion
B) a trance-like state
C) an altered state of consciousness
D) an unconscious desire to please

Question 41

What is the name of the chemicals that alter our consciousness,awareness,sensations,perceptions,mood,and cognitive processes?

A) psychosomatic drugs
B) psychoactive drugs
C) psychomedicinal drugs
D) illicit drugs

Question 42

When I first started drinking,all I needed to get a buzz was two or three beers.Now it takes me about six or seven.I must have developed:

A) withdrawal
B) tolerance
C) dependency
D) immunity

Question 43

Withdrawal symptoms occur when an addicted person:

A) uses a drug
B) overuses a drug
C) stops using a drug
D) recognizes that they are psychologically dependent

Question 44

Laura is not worried about her marijuana use.She has been smoking marijuana for 10 years,and she says that one joint doesn't even get her stoned anymore.Laura is experiencing:

A) an increased tolerance to marijuana
B) withdrawal symptoms
C) a decrease in her psychological dependency on marijuana
D) a physical need to smoke marijuana

Question 45

If a person continues to take a drug to prevent withdrawal symptoms,the person is experiencing:

A) tolerance
B) addiction
C) dependence
D) withdrawal

Question 46

For those research participants who took part in a study on the stress-reducing effects of transcendental meditation,a ____ reduction in stress was noted.

A) 12%
B) 24%
C) 36%
D) 48%

Question 47

In a recent study of college students,it was found that those who reported that they have good or above-average emotional health is:

A) almost perfectly predicted by individual students' college majors.
B) is higher than it has been in the last 30 years.
C) has rebounded after a decline in the 1990s.
D) at its lowest level in the last 25 years.

Question 48

On television you see an info-commercial selling a "hypnosis kit." You hear the announcer claim that hypnosis has been successfully used to reduce pain,decrease tension,stop overeating,and quit smoking.It was also said that people who are highly susceptible to hypnosis respond more favorably.What did the announcer say that you know to be false?

A) hypnosis is not at all successful at reducing pain
B) reduction in tension has not generally occurred with hypnosis
C) susceptibility only refers to the induction of hypnosis, not to benefiting from hypnosis
D) hypnosis has not had as much success in dealing with smoking and overeating as the other problems

Question 49

When a person's body builds up a resistance to a drug so that larger doses are needed to produce the same effects,that person has developed:

A) withdrawal
B) tolerance
C) dependency
D) immunity

Question 50

Hypnosis tends to be more effective in addressing problems related to ____,but less effective in problems related to ____.

A) self-control; mind-body interactions
B) mind-body interactions; self-control
C) mind-body interactions; psychosomatic symptoms
D) self-control; impulse control

Question 51

"I really want,need it.I am consumed by getting some of it.I quit,but relapsed again." This person is describing:

A) withdrawal symptom
B) tolerance
C) addiction
D) psychological dependence

Question 52

Which of the following is the best definition of a psychoactive drug?

A) a drug produced by the brain in order to stimulate sensory experiences in the visual system
B) any substance which has been declared illegal for use or for use without a prescription
C) chemicals which affect the nervous system, resulting in altered consciousness and perceptions
D) neurotransmitters which, when released, change the behavior of an individual

Question 53

Karl continues to use a drug to avoid withdrawal symptoms from occurring.Karl shows:

A) tolerance
B) addiction
C) dependence
D) withdrawal

Question 54

Research concerning the use of hypnosis in therapeutic and behavioral change has indicated that hypnosis:

A) is more effective than health education
B) is more effective than behavioral modification
C) is only effective in getting people to quit smoking
D) should be used in combination with other programs

Question 55

Which of the following individuals is least likely to be effectively treated with hypnosis?

A) Will, who experiences anxiety and tension
B) Megan has asthma attacks
C) Levi, who wishes to lose some weight
D) Kali suffers from pain from an accident

Question 56

According to Module Eight,which famous figure in psychology had a serious drug addiction?

A) Abraham Maslow
B) Ivan Pavlov
C) F. Skinner
D) Sigmund Freud

Question 57

Compared to nonhypnotized subjects,those hypnotized patients undergoing surgery:

A) require less pain mediation
B) require more pain mediation
C) had longer recovery periods
D) reported more anxiety after the surgery

Question 58

Once the individual has developed a behavioral pattern of drug abuse and an overwhelming desire to get and use the drug,then we say that the individual has developed a(n):

A) withdrawal symptom
B) tolerance
C) addiction
D) psychological dependence

Question 59

Veronica practices a relaxation process that involves assuming a comfortable position,closing her eyes,and focusing her attention on repeating words or sounds.She is practicing ______.

A) hatha yoga
B) transcendental meditation
C) mindfulness meditation
D) bikram yoga

Question 60

Physiological dependence refers to the strong need or desire to use a drug in order to:

A) cope with some situation or problem
B) prevent the onset of withdrawal symptoms
C) overcome tolerance effects
D) make the body function normally

Question 61

Why do many health care professionals recommend spending more on drug education,counseling,and treatment?

A) legalization is likely to increase use of illegal drugs
B) since these programs are covered by health care insurance, individuals who abuse drugs are more likely to seek help
C) these programs cost less than imprisonment
D) job security for these professionals

Question 62

Bobby is a heavy user of methamphetamine.He is addicted to it and has developed paranoid feelings about others trying to "get" him.What other signs of Bobby's addiction might be present?

A) heart irregularities
B) he suffers from insomnia
C) depression, agitation, and insomnia
D) difficulty in concentrating

Question 63

Methamphetamine's effects of enhanced mood,alertness,and energy is due to its ability to:

A) block the receptor sites of dopamine
B) mimic dopamine
C) decrease the release of dopamine
D) increase the release of dopamine

Question 64

You're writing a paper on stimulants.You plan to write a section on each of the major stimulants.Which of the following drugs is not a member of the stimulant class of drugs?

A) cocaine
B) nicotine
C) caffeine
D) alcohol

Question 65

Which of the following is not a mechanism by which drugs change behavior?

A) activating the brain's reward/pleasure circuit
B) mimicking the action of neurotransmitters
C) blocking reuptake
D) decreasing the production of synaptic vesicles

Question 66

The federal government has made amphetamines illegal,except when prescribed for narcolepsy and:

A) attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder
B) major depression
C) anxiety
D) nausea in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy

Question 67

The most popular illegal drug in Japan is:

A) methamphetamine
B) cocaine
C) LSD
D) peyote

Question 68

In the nervous system,amphetamines change the way we feel,think,and act by:

A) increasing the release of the neurotransmitter dopamine
B) increasing the rate of reuptake
C) mimicking the effects of melatonin
D) destroying vesicles in the terminal button

Question 69

Which of the following stimulants is widely available on the black market?

A) mescaline
B) heroin
C) methamphetamine
D) morphine

Question 70

Which of the following types of psychoactive drugs increase activity of the nervous system,resulting in heightened alertness,arousal,and euphoria?

A) hallucinogens
B) opiates
C) stimulants
D) marijuana

Question 71

Methamphetamine is ____ and causes ____.

A) taken in pill form; a sudden "crash"
B) smoked; intense visions or hallucinations
C) taken in pill form; depression
D) smoked or snorted; a near instantaneous high

Question 72

You are writing a book on morphine.What should the title be of the chapter that describes morphine's effect on the nervous system?

A) "Clogging Receptors"
B) "The Great Imitator"
C) "Preventing Reuptake"
D) "Increasing the Release"

Question 73

Vera is trying to quit using heroin.The first day without the drug,she experienced incredible pain and felt like she was "going nuts." Vera is experiencing:

A) an increase in tolerance
B) drug-induced analgesia
C) an imagined perception
D) withdrawal symptoms

Question 74

According to Module Eight,because of the results of the government's war on drugs,some have suggested:

A) drug legalization or decriminalization
B) increasing the amount of money spent on law enforcement
C) requiring all tax payers to take drug tests
D) mandatory jail time even for minor drug infractions

Question 75

What have researchers concluded about drug treatment?

A) drug treatment is highly cost-effective only for the treatment of stimulant abuse
B) drug treatment is more cost-effective than imprisonment
C) enforcement of drug laws is more effective than drug treatment
D) drug treatment using psychoanalysis is the most cost-effective treatment

Question 76

Morphine has its effects on the nervous system due to:

A) its similar chemical structure to endorphins
B) its effect on preventing reuptake
C) its similar chemical structure to dopamine
D) its effect on increasing reuptake

Question 77

"After being addicted to soda-I drank at least six cans a day-I stopped.I got bad headaches and felt so tired." The headaches best describe:

A) tolerance
B) addiction
C) withdrawal symptoms
D) placebo effects

Question 78

Methamphetamine users have fewer ____ receptors.

A) dopamine
B) acetylcholine
C) serotonin
D) GABA

Question 79

If a drug chemically looks like a neurotransmitter,the drug can:

A) prevent the release of the neurotransmitter
B) cause reuptake to occur more readily
C) mimic the actions of the neurotransmitter
D) prevent reuptake

Question 80

One way that cocaine produces its effects is to:

A) block the production of neurotransmitters
B) block reuptake of neurotransmitters
C) reduce the neuronal stimulation
D) stimulate pituitary and adrenal glands