Deck 14: Making Ethical Choices

Question 1

In __________________________ the U.S.Supreme Court held that detainees in Guantanamo could challenge their detention in U.S.federal courts.

A) Hamdi v. Rumsfeld
B) Rasul v. Bush
C) Clark v. Martinez
D) Hamdan v. Rumsfeld

Answer 1

B

Question 2

The public service approach would be consistent with recognizing human rights,and the crime control approach would be consistent with:

A) noble cause corruption
B) expansion of governmental powers
C) reduction of civil liberties
D) all of these are correct

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The deliberate,negligent,or reckless use of force against noncombatants,by state or non-state actors for ideological ends and in the absence of a substantively just legal process is called:

A) war
B) civil unrest
C) terrorism
D) self-defense

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Which of the following statements about those tortured in Abu Ghraib is false?

A) As far as can be determined, many were not insurgents
B) Some had stolen from military supply trucks or engaged in civilian crimes
C) Some had been captured after "tips" that they were involved
D) The abuses that occurred in Abu Ghraib were made public by a journalist working undercover

Question 5

The Protect America Act was passed in 2007,allowing the government :

A) to interrogate anyone without council present anyone suspected of being linked to a terrorist group
B) to wiretap, without a warrant, anyone suspected of being linked to a terrorist group
C) to detain indefinitely anyone suspected of being linked to a terrorist group
D) to arrest anyone suspected of being linked to a terrorist group

Question 6

The case that dealt with a U.S.citizen held without due process protections as an enemy combatant was:

A) Clark v. Martinez
B) Hamdi v. Rumsfeld
C) Hamdan v. Rumsfeld
D) Moussaki v. Bush

Question 7

According to the text,___________________ is the ethical justification for all the counter-terrorism measures discussed in the text.

A) retribution
B) utilitarianism
C) distributive justice
D) libertarianism

Question 8

"Waterboarding" is also known as:

A) "water interrogation"
B) the "water cure"
C) the "aquatic interrogation"
D) "aquatic policing"

Question 9

Which of the following statements about the Patriot Act is false?

A) The Patriot Act required all individuals on visas report to immigration offices
B) The Patriot Act included provisions that allowed federal agents to "sneak and peek"
C) The Patriot Act included provisions that allowed federal agents to utilize national security letters to circumvent warrant requirements
D) That Patriot Act has remained unchanged since it was passed

Question 10

The argument by some that there must be secrecy concerning interrogation tactics so they can be more effective is referred to as the:

A) "doctrine of necessity"
B) "doctrine of the weak"
C) "doctrine of the insurgents"
D) "doctrine of tolerance"

Question 11

The "just war" arguments are primarily:

A) ethical formalism
B) utilitarianism
C) ethics of virtue
D) ethics of necessity

Question 12

Renditions are:

A) interrogations
B) extraditions
C) kidnappings
D) treaty agreements

Question 13

"National security letters" are letters issued by the _____________ to access private information without a warrant.

A) CIA
B) FBI
C) NCIS
D) NSA

Question 14

In __________________________ the U.S.Supreme Court held that the "military commissions" were outside the President's power to create and were,therefore,invalid.

A) Hamdi v. Rumsfeld
B) Rasul v. Bush
C) Clark v. Martinez
D) Hamdan v. Rumsfeld

Question 15

The concept of a "torture warrant" is most closely associated with the work of:

A) Jethro Eisenstein
B) George McCready
C) Alan Dershowitz
D) Hugo Grotius

Question 16

Bagram prison is in:

A) Iraq
B) Afghanistan
C) Iran
D) Cuba

Question 17

The principle of double effect:

A) justifies a means that results in an unintended negative
B) justifies a negative means
C) justifies a negative end for a good means
D) justifies a means that results in a good end

Question 18

A secret court that consisted of seven federal district court judges appointed by the Supreme Court's Chief Justice was created by the passing of the _______________ Act in 1978.

A) Patriot
B) Protect America
C) Foreign Intelligence Surveillance
D) National Security

Question 19

In __________________________ the U.S.Supreme Court held that the government may not indefinitely detain even illegal immigrants without some due process.

A) Hamdi v. Rumsfeld
B) Rasul v. Bush
C) Clark v. Martinez
D) Hamdan v. Rumsfeld

Question 20

In _________________________ the U.S.Supreme Court held that the Detainee Treatment Act with the provision of some form of appeal over the "enemy combatant" status was not a substitute for habeas corpus rights.

A) Boumediene v. Bush
B) Rasul v. Bush
C) Clark v. Martinez
D) Hamdan v. Rumsfeld

Question 21

In which of the following whistle-blowing incidents was General Taguba involved?

A) The "Quantico Circuit"
B) "Abu Ghraib"
C) The exposure of secret prisons in the Pentagon
D) Taguba was not involved in any of these events

Question 22

Renditions are always done with the host country's knowledge.

Question 23

In Clark v.Martinez,the Supreme Court held that the United States could not indefinitely hold illegal aliens without some form of due process.

Question 24

According to the text,utilitarianism is the most pervasive ethical system used in the war on terror.

Question 25

Military interrogators were trained with materials derived from descriptions of techniques used by the Chinese against American soldiers in the Korean War.

Question 26

The _____________________ approach values and ethics focus on human rights and the fundamental duty of all public servants is to protect those rights.

A) crime control
B) public service
C) human model
D) public control

Question 27

Which of the following approaches to policing is considered deontological?

A) crime control approach
B) rights-based approach
C) public service approach
D) utilitarian service

Question 28

The principle of double effect would justify a bombing that resulted in the death of civilians if the target was a military target.

Question 29

A ______________________ model of policing recognizes police officers as servants of the public good,and while crime control is important,protection of civil liberties is the fundamental mission.

A) crime control
B) rights-based
C) public service
D) utilitarian service

Question 30

Which of the following approaches to policing is considered utilitarian?

A) crime control approach
B) rights-based approach
C) public service approach
D) deontological service

Question 31

European law enforcement seems to be more committed to a human rights-oriented policing model even though they have been dealing with terrorism longer than the U.S.

Question 32

Babak Pasdar was a whistleblower in what is commonly known as the:

A) "Quantico Circuit"
B) "Abu Ghraib" scandal
C) "1-800-FBI"
D) Pasdar was not a whistleblower

Question 33

A basic premise of rights-based law enforcement is that:

A) the end justify the means
B) some acts are never justified
C) the rights of the state supersede all other rights
D) compared to the government, the individual has no rights

Question 34

Neyroud and Beckley describe the police standards of the United Kingdom as reflecting an emphasis on:

A) law and order
B) retribution
C) human rights
D) punishment

Question 35

Cohen uses a _________________ approach in the justification for police action.

A) relativist
B) utilitarian
C) divine command
D) deontological

Question 36

The just war debate is concerned with the morality of war.

Question 37

The FISA court was created after abuses of governmental power to spy on citizens in the 1970s.

Question 38

In Boumediene v.Bush,the Supreme Court ruled that the military commissions established by Congress were not sufficient to ensure due process.

Question 39

In __________________________ the U.S.Supreme court granted detainees the right of habeas corpus.

A) Diaz v. Bush
B) Hamdin v. Rumsfeld
C) Rasul v. Bush
D) Pasdar v. Matthews

Question 40

The CIA agent who was fired after exposing the existence of secret prisons was Coleen Rowley.

Question 41

Compare and contrast the crime control approach and the public service approach of law enforcement.

Question 42

If one undertakes an action that is a good but that also results in a negative end,as long as the negative end was not the intent of the actor,then the good action and good end can be considered a good. This is called the _______________________.

Question 43

Briefly describe the weaknesses (points of criticism)for both natural and positivist law?

Question 44

List and discuss the elements Cohen identifies as justifying police action.

Question 45

The ____________________ was passed in response to 9/11,and created greater investigative powers of law enforcement and punished those with association to groups defined as terrorists.

Question 46

What are some rights recognized by the United Nations and the European Union?

Question 47

The ___________________ is a law enforcement approach that utilizes means-end or utilitarian thinking to determine good by the end result,which is crime control.

Question 48

The terrorists operating in Germany in the 1970s were referred to as the ____________________ gang.

Question 49

What are the two justifications for a "just war"?

Question 50

The policing approach called the ___________________ recognizes the police as servants to the public good and states that although crime control is important,protection of civil liberties should be the fundamental mission.

Question 51

What is the argument in support of torture? What is the argument against it?

Question 52

Briefly explain why utilitarianism can be considered the most pervasive ethical system
used in the war on terror?

Question 53

What are the holdings of Hamdi v.Rumsfeld,Rasul v.Bush,and Clark v.Martinez?

Question 54

In the _____________________approach,values and ethics focus on human rights,including the right to due process as well as the fundamental duty of all public servants to protect those rights.

Question 55

Discuss the various ways in which the federal government has responded to terrorism.

Question 56

The name of the Iraqi prison that was the site of pictures taken of extreme torture-tactics by Americans against Iraqi citizens was __________.

Question 57

The term used to describe a utilitarian principle wherein justification for bad means comes from the good end result is ______________________.

Question 58

Explain why "means-end" thinking leads to criminal actions.

Question 59

Government agents could demand citizens to relinquish information not supported by subpoena or warrant by the use of ______________________ in an effort to investigate threats of national security.

Question 60

The "secret" courts called the _____________________ evaluated government agents' requests to search or conduct wiretaps of those suspected of being involved in threats to national security.