Deck 60: Conception Through Adolescence

Question 1

Encouraging children to play a game of kickball would be best suited for which age group?

A) Infant
B) Toddler
C) Preschool
D) School-aged

Answer 1

D
A game of kickball would be best suited for school-aged children because in this age group,play involves peers and the pursuit of group goals.Although solitary activities are not eliminated,group play overshadows them.Younger children typically are not able to participate cooperatively in groups yet.Infants begin to play simple social games such as patty-cake and peek-a-boo.Toddlers engage in solitary play but also begin to participate in parallel play.Preschoolers playing together engage in similar if not identical activities; however,no division of labor nor rigid organization nor rules are observed.By the age of 5,the group has a temporary leader for each activity.

Question 2

When comparing physical growth patterns between school-aged children and adolescents,the nurse notes that

A) Physical growth usually slows during the adolescent period.
B) Boys usually exceed girls in height and weight by the end of the school years.
C) Secondary sex characteristics usually develop during the adolescent years.
D) The distribution of muscle and fat remains constant during the adolescent years.

Answer 2

C
Hormonal changes during adolescence contribute to the development of secondary sex characteristics such as hair growth and voice changes.Physical growth usually slows during the school-aged period,and then a growth spurt occurs during adolescence.Girls usually exceed boys in height and weight by the end of the school years.As height and weight increase during adolescence,the distribution of muscle and fat changes.

Question 3

The nursing instructor will need to provide further instruction to the student who uses which of these statements when describing the differences between cognitive and psychosocial development in children?

A) "The preschooler develops the ability to play in small groups."
B) "The toddler may participate in parallel play."
C) "The school-aged child still requires total assistance in all activities for safety."
D) "The toddler period is a time of potential frustration manifested by temper tantrums."

Answer 3

C
The care provider should promote independence within safe limits for the school-aged child.The school-aged child,according to Erikson,is in the industry versus inferiority stage of development.The school-aged child likes to perform tasks by himself when possible and needs to be praised for those tasks.The child continues to engage in solitary play during toddlerhood but also begins to participate in parallel play,which is playing beside rather than with another child.The toddler's strong will is frequently exhibited in negative behavior when caregivers attempt to direct his actions.Temper tantrums result when parental restrictions frustrate toddlers.

Question 4

To promote parent-child attachment with a healthy newborn,what should the nurse do?

A) Encourage close physical contact as soon as possible after birth.
B) Do not allow the newborn to remain with parents until the second hour after delivery.
C) Never leave the newborn alone with the mother during the first 8 hours after delivery.
D) Isolate the newborn in the nursery during the first hour after delivery.

Question 5

When communicating with a newly admitted teenaged patient,the nurse should

A) Avoid questioning the patient about cigarette use when she observes a cigarette lighter lying on the bedside table.
B) Complete the admission database as quickly as possible by asking yes and no questions.
C) Ignore the patient's withdrawn behavior.
D) Observe for congruency between the patient's facial expressions and verbal responses.

Question 6

Which of these manifestations,if identified in a school-aged child during a routine assessment,should a nurse associate with a possible developmental delay or problem?

A) Withdrawn demeanor and verbalizes that he has no friends
B) Absence of secondary sex characteristics
C) Lack of peer relationships
D) Curiosity about his or her sexuality

Question 7

Which of the following is characteristic of the cognitive changes in a preschooler?

A) The ability to think in a logical manner about the here and now
B) The ability to think abstractly and deal effectively with hypothetical problems
C) The inability to assume the view of another person and to use symbols to represent others
D) The ability to classify objects by size or color

Question 8

Immediate intervention is needed when the newborn exhibits

A) A soft, protuberant abdomen.
B) Molding.
C) Lack of reflexes.
D) Cyanotic hands and feet.

Question 9

The nurse who is teaching a parent about developmental needs of the infant knows that the parent has verbalized understanding of a infant's developmental needs when he states

A) "My child is too young to understand words."
B) "My child will begin to speak in sentences by 1 year of age."
C) "My child will probably enjoy playing peek-a-boo."
D) "While my child is in the hospital, I should let the nurses provide most of the care."

Question 10

During hospitalization,the nurse should encourage the parents of an 8-month-old infant to

A) Provide as much care as possible.
B) Not worry about attachments because the infant is too young to develop them.
C) Remember that infants cannot differentiate a stranger from a familiar person.
D) Relax and allow nursing staff to care for the child at all times.

Question 11

A mother expresses concern because her 5-year-old child frequently talks about friends who don't exist.What is the nurse's best response to this mother's concern?

A) "Have you considered a child psychological evaluation?"
B) "It's very normal for a 5-year-old child to have imaginary playmates."
C) "You should stop your child from playing electronic games."
D) "Pretend play is a sign your child watches too much television."

Question 12

After comparing appropriate play activities for infants and preschool children,the nurse should appropriately offer which of the following activities to an infant?

A) Set of cards to organize and separate into groups
B) Set of plastic stacking rings
C) Paperback book
D) Set of sock puppets with movable eyes

Question 13

The nursing instructor will need to provide further instruction to the student who states,"Development proceeds

A) In a proximal-distal pattern."
B) In a cephalocaudal pattern."
C) At a slower rate during the embryonic stage."
D) At a predictive rate from the moment of conception."

Question 14

The nurse is observing his 2-year-old hospitalized patient in the playroom.The nurse is most likely to observe the child

A) Participating as the leader of a small group activity.
B) Sitting beside another child while playing with blocks.
C) Separating building blocks into groups by size and color.
D) Seeking out same sex children to play with.

Question 15

The priority assessment immediately after birth is to

A) Assess infant-parent interactions.
B) Promote parent-newborn physical contact.
C) Open the airway.
D) Assess gestational age.

Question 16

Which statement by the nurse best explains the importance of play during the toddler stage of development?

A) "Exploration can suppress the toddler's curiosity to promote safety."
B) "Parental control during play will eliminate the frustration of learning self-control."
C) "Play can enhance cognitive and psychosocial development."
D) "Play will enhance the toddler's ability to explore the environment safely without supervision."

Question 17

The nurse knows that the mother of a newborn understands associated health risks to her baby when she states

A) "I need to moisten the umbilical cord every hour during the day until the cord falls off."
B) "I need to remind anyone who wants to hold the baby to wash their hands."
C) "I need to leave the blankets off the baby to prevent smothering."
D) "I can throw away the bulb syringe now because my baby is breathing on her own."

Question 18

A mother brings her child to the clinic for a 12-month well visit.The child weighed 6 pounds 2 ounces and was 21 inches long at birth.What finding indicates that the child needs further assessment?

A) Height of 30 inches
B) Weight of 16 pounds
C) The infant is not yet potty-trained.
D) The infant is not yet walking up stairs.

Question 19

Normal physical findings in a healthy newborn include

A) Sporadic motor movements.
B) Cyanosis of the feet and hands for the first 48 hours.
C) Triangle-shaped anterior fontanel.
D) Weight of 4800 grams.

Question 20

During infant/child development,play is best recognized as

A) A means to interact with the environment and relate to others.
B) Independent of cognitive and social development.
C) Nonexploratory and simply play.
D) Too soon to achieve milestones.

Question 21

The nursing student correctly explains health promotion teaching points for parents of toddlers when she states

A) "Setting consistent, firm limits will help the child cope with the frustration of learning self-control."
B) "Slower development of motor skills prevents the child from participating in self-care activities."
C) "Toddlers have a natural sense of right and wrong and know when they do something wrong."
D) "Temper tantrums should never be tolerated, and toddlers need to do what they are told."

Question 22

Which of these statements,if made by a parent,would require further instruction?

A) "I should not be surprised that my teenager has so many friends."
B) "I get worried because my teenager thinks he's indestructible. He takes a lot of risks."
C) "I should cover for my school-aged child when he makes a mistake until he learns the ropes."
D) "My 10-year-old child is always hungry right after school, so I usually fix him a nutritious snack."

Question 23

The nursing student is preparing a teaching project for parents of school-aged children.Which statement correctly identifies health risks in this age group?

A) "School-aged children are more likely to suffer from unintentional injury."
B) "The risk for infection is not a major concern of this age group as immunity develops."
C) "Mental retardation, learning disorders, and malnutrition are prevalent across all socioeconomic categories."
D) "Poor nutrition and lack of immunizations continue to be health concerns for children of the poor."

Question 24

Which of these toys,if selected by the parent of a 10-month-old child,would indicate that the parent has a correct understanding of infant growth and development?

A) A game requiring two to four players
B) Electronic games
C) Small, plastic alphabet letters and magnets
D) Plastic stacking rings

Question 25

The nurse should instruct the parents of an adolescent about which of the following health concerns?

A) Signs of substance abuse
B) Suicide prevention
C) Safe sex practices
D) Pregnancy
E) Gonadotropic hormone stimulation
F) Voice changes