Deck 9: The Courts: Structure and Participants

Question 1

The Herrera decision severely limited access by state defendants to federal courts,with the ruling that new evidence of innocence is no reason for a federal court to order a new state trial if constitutional grounds are lacking

Answer 1

True

Question 2

The U.S.District Courts are the:

A) trial courts for the federal system.
B) appellate courts for the federal system
C) courts of last resort for the federal system
D) civil courts for the federal system

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The Federal Court system is separated into three levels.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Who creates a record of all that occurs during the trial?

A) media reporter
B) court administrator
C) court reporter
D) bailiff

Question 5

An informal hearing place designed to mediate interpersonal disputes without resorting to the more formal arrangements of a criminal trial court.

A) trial de novo
B) community court
C) court of last resort
D) dispute resolution center

Question 6

The court of last resort is the court authorized by law to hear the final appeal on a matter.

Question 7

The U.S.Federal Court system was created by the:

A) U.S. Constitution. Article III, Section 1.
B) 12ᵗʰ Amendment to the U.S. Constitution
C) State Court System
D) President George Washington

Question 8

Which of the following is not a responsibility of a bailiff?

A) case-flow analysis
B) ensure order in the courtroom
C) announce the judge's entry into the courtroom
D) call witnesses

Question 9

At least one study suggests that some prosecutors have a tendency to be lenient toward female defendants but discriminate against ________ defendants when deciding whether to prosecute.

A) minority
B) elderly
C) juvenile
D) male

Question 10

Courts that have the authority to review a decision made by a lower court are said to have:

A) original jurisdiction.
B) oversight jurisdiction.
C) mandatory jurisdiction.
D) appellate jurisdiction

Question 11

An eyewitness,character witness,or other person called on to testify who is not considered an expert,is known as a ___________ witness.

A) Hostile witness
B) Known
C) Lay
D) Profiling

Question 12

Which statement is false regarding the role of the judge in the courtroom work group?

A) The judge holds ultimate authority in ruling on matters of law.
B) The primary duty of a judge is to ensure justice.
C) The judge is responsible for presenting the state's case against the defendant.
D) If a guilty verdict has been returned, the judge is responsible for imposing a sentence.

Question 13

A coordinator who assists with case-flow management,operating funds budgeting,and court docket administration is known as:

A) prosecutor
B) state court administrator
C) federal appeals coordinator
D) dispute resolution center

Question 14

The dual court system of the United States consists of:

A) State and Courts of Appeals
B) Federal and State Courts
C) Federal and District Courts
D) Federal and State courts of Appeal

Question 15

Who is responsible for swearing in witnesses?

A) bailiff b clerk of court
C) judge
D) court recorder

Question 16

It is the responsibility of the clerk of court to keep order in the courtroom and to maintain physical custody of the jury.

Question 17

A subpoena:

A) orders the sheriff to make an arrest.
B) is issued by a bailiff.
C) results in a trial de novo.
D) may require an individual to appear in court.

Question 18

The lawful authority of a court to review a decision made by a lower court is known as original jurisdiction.

Question 19

The role of a defense attorney includes all of the following except:

A) quasi-legal advisor to the police.
B) testing the strength of the prosecution's case.
C) appealing a conviction.
D) representing the accused.

Question 20

All of the following are considered professionals in the courtroom work group except the:

A) defense attorney.
B) victim.
C) prosecuting attorney.
D) judge.

Question 21

Listed below are members of the courtroom work group. Match the job title with the appropriate job definition.Match the term in the numbered column with the answer in the lettered column.
a.Defense Attorney
b.Bailiff
c.Judge
d.Public Defender
An elected or appointed public official who presides over a court of law

Question 22

Listed below are members of the courtroom work group. Match the job title with the appropriate job definition.Match the term in the numbered column with the answer in the lettered column.
a.Defense Attorney
b.Bailiff
c.Judge
d.Public Defender
A licensed trial lawyer hired or appointed to conduct the legal defense of a person accused of a crime and to represent him or her before a court of law.

Question 23

Answer each part of the following questions with succinct and comprehensive information by citing examples of various models, laws, and justice theories in your answer.
Compare and contrast the roles of the professional and nonprofessional courtroom work groups.How do they work together to ensure a successful completion to a case before the court.
How do their individual roles intertwine to make the system work.

Question 24

The U.S.Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit and the 12 regional courts of appeals are often referred to as circuit courts.Describe what the typical regional court of appeals looks like.How many judges are on a typical court,how long do they serve,how the chief justice selected,etc.

Question 25

Listed below are members of the courtroom work group. Match the job title with the appropriate job definition.Match the term in the numbered column with the answer in the lettered column.
a.Defense Attorney
b.Bailiff
c.Judge
d.Public Defender
The court officer whose duties are to keep order in the courtroom and to maintain physical custody of the jury.

Question 26

The _______________ is an attorney whose official duty is to conduct criminal proceedings on behalf of the state or the people against those accused of having committed criminal offenses.

Question 27

The U.S.has two separate court systems that function within the American criminal justice system today: the federal court system and the state court system.What are some of the similarities and differences between the two systems.

Question 28

Answer each part of the following questions with succinct and comprehensive information by citing examples of various models, laws, and justice theories in your answer.
Describe the history,purpose and rationale for the Dispute Resolution Center.What are the benefits and drawbacks to this program.

Question 29

A person who has special knowledge and skills recognized by the court as relevant to the determination of guilt or innocence.Who may express opinions or draw conclusions in their testimony is called a _________________ witness.

Question 30

List and define three members of the nonprofessional courtroom participants and their roles in the day to day process in the court room.

Question 31

Describe the three tiered structure of the federal court system.

Question 32

Listed below are members of the courtroom work group. Match the job title with the appropriate job definition.Match the term in the numbered column with the answer in the lettered column.
a.Defense Attorney
b.Bailiff
c.Judge
d.Public Defender
An attorney employed by a government agency or sub agency,or by a private organization under contract to a government body,for the purpose of providing defense services to indigents,or an attorney who has volunteered such service.

Question 33

_____________ is an organized program that offers services to victims of crime in the areas of crisis intervention and follow-up counseling and that helps victims secure their rights under the law.

Question 34

Trial de novo literally means a ________ trial.

Question 35

Prosecutorial discretion is the decision-making power of prosecutors,which is based on the wide range of choices available to them.List and describe three of these areas.Include the benefits and pitfalls of each area.

Question 36

A licensed trial lawyer hired or appointed to conduct the legal defense of a person accused of a crime and to represent him or her before a court of law.