Deck 5: Toward Revolution, 1763-1775

Question 1

The greatest long-term significance of the Sugar Act of 1764 was that it

A) enforced tax collection.
B) signaled that Britain saw the colonies as a source of direct revenue.
C) called for revenues to be used to pay soldiers stationed in the colonies.
D) taxed several important items other than sugar.
E) set a precedent for levying even more taxes.

Answer 1

signaled that Britain saw the colonies as a source of direct revenue.

Question 2

The term "Radical Whigs" for the opponents of the Stamp Act stemmed from

A) the British opposition party, the Whigs, which opposed the central authority of the king at the expense of personal liberty.
B) a French term for the radical factions in the French Revolution.
C) the name of the king's party in Parliament in London.
D) the old Puritan tradition of wearing excessively large wigs when in a house of prayer.
E) the fact that wigs were one of the products taxed by the Stamp Act.

Answer 2

the British opposition party, the Whigs, which opposed the central authority of the king at the expense of personal liberty.

Question 3

Which was not a part of what colonists called the Coercive Acts?

A) The port of Boston was closed until such time as the colonists paid for the tea they had destroyed.
B) Massachusetts self-government was terminated.
C) The Quartering Act, which said that British soldiers could even be housed in private buildings, was enacted.
D) Royal officials who were to be tried for major infractions would be sent back to England for trial.
E) The Quebec Act, which said that everything on the west side of the Proclamation Line from 1763 would be governed from Quebec.

Answer 3

The Quebec Act, which said that everything on the west side of the Proclamation Line from 1763 would be governed from Quebec.

Question 4

What move by the British government after the French and Indian War most infuriated the colonists?

A) Issuing the Orders of Council, which made sure that British officials occupied their American posts themselves.
B) Issuing the Proclamation of 1763, which forbade settlement west of the Appalachians.
C) Providing rewards for British vessels that seized smuggling ships in and around America.
D) Punishing smugglers who had been avoiding taxes.
E) Placing trade with the Indians under royal control.

Question 5

Which of the following best explains the distinction between an internal and an external tax?

A) The external tax is levied at the end of the year whereas the internal tax is levied at the moment of transaction.
B) External taxes had to be disclosed; internal ones did not.
C) External taxes applied to large capital goods; internal ones applied to domestic goods produced in the colonies.
D) External taxes were British import duties imposed under Parliament's legal authority to regulate international trade; while internal taxes were controversially imposed by Parliament on many domestic transactions within the colonies.
E) External taxes had to be paid directly to the king, internal ones to the colonial assembly.

Question 6

Which of these products was not taxed under the Townshend Acts of 1767?

A) paper.
B) glass.
C) tea.
D) rice.
E) lead.

Question 7

In regard to colonial complaints that they had no representation in Parliament,that body argued that

A) every member of Parliament represented every citizen no matter where they lived, so the colonists had virtual representation in Parliament.
B) the colonists had given up their rights when they left England.
C) most of the common people within Britain had no rights in Parliament.
D) Parliament had the right to make laws for the colonists "in all cases whatsoever."
E) King George chose the members of the House of Commons, so the colonists should take the matter up with him.

Question 8

To try to force Parliament to repeal the Stamp Act,opponents in Massachusetts initially

A) began dumping tea in the harbor of Boston.
B) rioted against military stationed in Boston, leading to the Boston Massacre.
C) created a circular letter inviting representatives from all colonies to a Stamp Act Congress.
D) began to smuggle sugar from the French Caribbean.
E) stopped buying British-made goods.

Question 9

The Boston Massacre

A) sparked a vigorous debate within the colonies about how far rebellion should go.
B) demonstrated the British soldiers' vicious disregard for human life.
C) was a deliberate provocation organized by the Sons of Liberty with the intent of sparking a Revolutionary War.
D) triggered violent and deadly riots across all colonies.
E) pitted the Sons of Liberty against wealthy merchants.

Question 10

What happened when New York ignored the Quartering Act?

A) King George rescinded its colonial charter.
B) Charles Townshend suspended the New York Assembly.
C) King George ordered the British military to occupy the city.
D) Parliament passed the Townshend Acts with new taxes to punish such defiance.
E) Parliament sent a new British governor to oversee the colony.

Question 11

Which of the following was not a part of Britain's plans to revamp treatment of the colonies and take more control there after the French and Indian War?

A) Limit areas where the colonists could settle.
B) Make sure that royal officials stayed on their jobs in the colonies rather than hiring substitutes.
C) Limit widespread colonial smuggling that cost Britain in revenues.
D) Encourage the colonies to trade with France.
E) Raise additional revenues from the colonies.

Question 12

Which of the following was not true of the Tea Act?

A) It lowered the tax on tea.
B) It gave the East India Company a monopoly on tea sales to the colonies.
C) It appointed agents in England to pay the tea duty and then sell the tea to colonists.
D) It outlawed Dutch tea.
E) It included the provision that colonial merchants could no longer sell tea.

Question 13

The Stamp Act was designed to tax the colonists for the purpose of

A) repaying Britain's war debts in Europe.
B) paying the soldiers protecting the North American colonies.
C) paying for the quartering of British soldiers in South Carolina.
D) regaining control of the colonies.
E) punishing colonists for not participating wholeheartedly in the French and Indian War.

Question 14

When Parliament repealed most of the Townshend Acts in 1770,it kept the tax on

A) tobacco.
B) tea.
C) paper.
D) stamps.
E) sugar.

Question 15

Which of the following is not a possible reason given by historians as to why colonists dressed as Mohawk Indians during the Boston Tea Party?

A) So they would not be recognized
B) Because they hoped it would lead the British into war with the Mohawks and distract England from controlling the colonies
C) As a sign of unity among the colonists against the British
D) Because Native Americans symbolized both savagery and radical democracy
E) It was as far from British civilization as they could get, symbolically

Question 16

The Stamp Act Congress showed that the colonists were becoming more

A) angry with the king.
B) unified in their resentment of Parliament.
C) upset over having money removed from the colonies.
D) disposed toward full revolution.
E) willing to use words like "tyranny" and "slavery" when petitioning the king.

Question 17

Parliament eventually repealed the Stamp Act because of

A) the colonial boycott.
B) its fears about the growing strength of the colonies.
C) the fact that the only way they could make it effective would be to go to war, which they were not prepared to do.
D) their fear that people in England would also start protests and riots over similar issues if it became public knowledge.
E) King George withdrawing his support for the act, fearing that it would cost the country too much in lost revenue.

Question 18

What role did women play in the colonial boycotts of the Stamp Act?

A) They organized spinning bees to produce homespun cloth.
B) They formed groups such as the Daughters of Liberty.
C) They refused to use British imported tea and other products.
D) All of these choices.
E) None of these choices.

Question 19

The Stamp Act provoked a stronger colonial response than the Sugar or Quartering Acts for all of the following reasons,except

A) The Stamp Act applied to goods used by merchants and lawyers, thus stirring an educated and powerful opposition.
B) The act had been passed by the king over the heads of British parliament, thus violating the British constitution.
C) So much time passed between the passage of legislation and its effective date that colonists had time to organize their protest.
D) The Stamp Act was a direct tax on the colonists.
E) The proceeds of the tax were meant to pay the salaries of colonial officials, something the colonists themselves had done in the past.

Question 20

The colonists stirred up dissent and disseminated information quickly through

A) committees of correspondence.
B) the Continental Congress.
C) the Stamp Act Congress.
D) the Sons of Liberty.
E) the Albany Congress.

Question 21

Most of Britain's population felt that the colonists' complaints were unfair,since they too,had heavy tax burdens and little say in the government.

Question 22

Explain the origins and motivations for Parliament's introduction of a new order in the colonies in 1763.

Question 23

The colonists summarized which of the following parliamentary acts as the "Intolerable Acts"?

A) The Townshend Duties
B) The Stamp Act
C) The Tea and Sugar Acts
D) The Declaratory and Restraining Acts
E) The Coercive and Quebec Acts

Question 24

The first real battle of the Revolutionary War took place at

A) Boston Harbor.
B) Lexington.
C) Bunker Hill.
D) Philadelphia.
E) Albany.

Question 25

The incident that illustrated to Governor Gage of Massachusetts that the colonial militia outnumbered his military forces was the "Powder Alarm."

Question 26

Explain the reasons for the Boston Tea Party,describe the actions of those involved,and enumerate Parliament's response.

Question 27

When the First Continental Congress met in Philadelphia in September 1774,all of the colonies were represented except

A) Carolina.
B) Georgia.
C) New York.
D) Pennsylvania.
E) New Jersey.

Question 28

How did the colonists manage to smuggle so many items into America without being caught by the British more often than they were? What made them willing to take those risks?

Question 29

King George's response to the Olive Branch Petition was to

A) agree to meet with representatives of the colonists.
B) tear the document into shreds.
C) ignore the document since he viewed the colonists as already in rebellion.
D) send a declaration of war by return courier.
E) ask Parliament to declare the colonies in open rebellion.

Question 30

The Gaspée incident involved an English naval vessel set upon in Boston Harbor by angry colonists who did not think the British navy should be wasting time on chasing down smugglers.

Question 31

One of the main fears of the colonists concerning the Quebec Act was

A) it would spark political support among royalist supporters in the colonies.
B) having to live near the French.
C) retribution from Indian tribes friendly to France during the French and Indian War.
D) that Roman Catholicism would spread throughout the colonies.
E) that the French were just biding their time before attacking again.

Question 32

What were the most significant actions taken during the meeting of the Second Continental Congress? How did these actions illustrate the changing attitudes of the colonists meeting there?

Question 33

In 1760,England's Privy Council made some momentous changes in the way the colonies were to be governed,not the least of which was a renewed attack against smugglers.

Question 34

In America's larger East Coast cities,most of the wealthy colonists continued to support the British crown rather than the patriots.

Question 35

As opposition in the colonies mounted to England's various acts and policies,which of the following groups remained mostly supportive of the Crown?

A) artisans
B) wealthy
C) merchants
D) free blacks
E) rural Cheseapeake residents

Question 36

The colonists' militias were known as Minutemen because

A) they staged massive attacks on British troops that simply overwhelmed the enemy with their size and firepower, making British resistance minute.
B) their attacks went so quickly that they were virtually finished within a minute or two.
C) they planned the execution of their military maneuvers in minute detail.
D) they employed an artillery gun known as a minute.
E) they could supposedly deploy within a matter of minutes.

Question 37

After the British rout of the Minutemen in Lexington,where the famous "shot heard 'round the world" was fired by the retreating Minutemen,British troops continued their march to Concord,where they met the colonial troops and

A) roundly defeated them.
B) were repelled at Concord's North Bridge and had to retreat.
C) finally captured John Hancock.
D) had about one hundred of their soldiers killed.
E) fought to a draw before returning to Boston.

Question 38

It could most accurately be stated of the Battle of Bunker Hill that

A) it was not as casualty-filled as many had expected.
B) most of the fighting took place near the harbor.
C) the British won a decisive military victory.
D) the colonists won a decisive military victory.
E) it prompted thousands of additional colonists to join the armed rebellion against Britain.

Question 39

Explain how the various acts passed by Britain's Parliament built upon each other to anger the American colonists and to move them closer to revolution.

Question 40

After the battles of Lexington and Concord,the colonists organized the Second Continental Congress in May 1775 to

A) name the militia around Boston as the core of the Continental Army.
B) Pass resolutions supporting the war.
C) declare their loyalty to King George III.
D) All of these choices.
E) None of these choices.

Question 41

When the Stamp Act Congress met in New York City in the fall of 1765,it was doing so with the tacit approval of the British Parliament.

Question 42

John Adams eloquently argued that if Parliament were allowed to tax the colonists without their consent,the sanctity of private property and personal liberty was at stake.

Question 43

The Radical Whigs took their name from the opposition party in Britain at the time,since they were also in opposition to much that was happening to them.

Question 44

The Declaratory Act declared the colonists in open rebellion against the King of England.

Question 45

In the midst of the controversy over "freedom," "liberty," and "representation," New England's slaves petitioned the colonial government for their freedom as well.