Deck 18: Haemophilus and Other Fastidious Gram-Negative Bacilli

Question 1

All the following organisms are associated with human illness EXCEPT:

A) Brucella melitensis
B) B. ovis
C) B. suis
D) B. canis

Answer 1

B
The four species that are most commonly associated with human illness are B.melitensis,B.abortus,B.suis,and B.canis.

Question 2

Which species of Haemophilus requires both X and V factors?

A) H. parainfluenzae
B) H. aphrophilus
C) H. influenzae
D) H. paraphrophilus

Answer 2

C
H.influenzae requires both X and V factors.H.parainfluenzae requires factor V only.H.aphrophilus requires factor X only.

Question 3

What organisms often are involved in septicemia in the granulocytopenic patient?

A) Capnocytophaga
B) Eikenella corrodens
C) Kingella spp.
D) Fusobacterium spp.

Answer 3

A
Unlike the members of the HACEK group,Capnocytophaga spp.are not commonly involved in endocarditis as they are in septicemia in the granulocytopenic patient.

Question 4

What is the name of the organism that causes tularemia that can be contracted from rabbits?

A) Brucella tularensis
B) B. hareis
C) Francisella tularensis
D) F. philomiragia

Question 5

All of the following are characteristics of Haemophilus spp.EXCEPT:

A) Gram-positive cocci
B) Small coccobacilli
C) Oxidase positive
D) Catalase positive

Question 6

Which one of the virulence factors associated with Haemophilus spp.plays the most significant role in the invasiveness of the organism?

A) IgA protease
B) Pili
C) Capsule
D) Enterotoxin

Question 7

What organism causes Brazilian purpuric fever (BPF)?

A) Haemophilus parainfluenzae
B) H. aphrophilus
C) H. aegyptius
D) H. influenzae biogroup aegyptius

Question 8

Which species are associated with infections in humans?

A) Haemophilus influenzae
B) H. aegyptius
C) H. ducreyi
D) All of the above

Question 9

All of the following are normal inhabitants of the human oral cavity EXCEPT:

A) Capnocytophaga fusofurium
B) Capnocytophaga gingivalis
C) Capnocytophaga ochraceum
D) Capnocytophaga haemolyticus

Question 10

A microbiologist is reading a sputum culture and notices that there is no growth on the sheep blood and MacConkey agars,but there is growth on the chocolate plate.The colonies on the plate are translucent,moist,smooth,and convex,with a mousy odor.What is the most likely identification of the organism?

A) Haemophilus parainfluenzae
B) H. influenzae
C) H. aegyptius
D) H. ducreyi

Question 11

What organism is likely to cause an infection after a cat bite?

A) Campylobacter spp.
B) Dysgonomonas capnocytophagoides
C) Francisella tularensis
D) Pasteurella spp.

Question 12

What Haemophilus species is called the Koch-Weeks bacillus?

A) H. influenzae
B) H. parainfluenzae
C) H. aegyptius
D) H. aphrophilus

Question 13

A mother brings her lethargic,feverish baby into the emergency department.The baby is diagnosed with meningitis and the doctor does a spinal tap.The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)Gram stain shows many tiny gram-negative rods.What is the most probably identification of this organism?

A) Haemophilus influenzae serotype b
B) H. parainfluenzae
C) H. aegyptius
D) H. aphrophilus

Question 14

What medium will sustain the growth of most Haemophilus spp.?

A) Chocolate agar
B) SBA
C) PEA
D) Thayer-Martin

Question 15

The HACEK group includes all of the following EXCEPT:

A) Haemophilus spp.
B) Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans
C) Cardiobacterium hominis
D) Clostridium difficile

Question 16

What is the name of the disease that is characterized by rapid onset,acute inflammation,and intense edema that may cause complete airway obstruction in 2- to 4-year-olds?

A) Cellulitis
B) Epiglottis
C) Meningitis
D) Conjunctivitis

Question 17

What is the drug of choice for treating a life-threatening illness caused by H.influenzae?

A) Penicillin
B) Macrolides
C) Aminoglycosides
D) Ceftriaxone

Question 18

A microbiologist is reading a sputum culture when she notices tiny,translucent colonies growing closely around a b-hemolytic colony on sheep blood agar (SBA).In fact,the colonies are growing in the area where the blood has been hemolyzed.What is the probable identity of the organism that is growing closely to the b-hemolytic organism,and why are they growing in the hemolyzed area?

A) Neisseria spp., because they need the factor X in this area
B) Haemophilus spp., because they need the factor V in this area
C) Acinetobacter spp., because they need the factors X and V
D) Alcalgenes spp., because they require antibiotics be added to the media

Question 19

What is the most frequently isolated Pasteurella species?

A) P. multocida
B) P. septica
C) P. gallicida
D) P. canis

Question 20

What are the names of the two diseases caused by Legionella species?

A) Rabbit fever and Pontiac fever
B) Scalded skin syndrome and Legionnaire's disease
C) Malta fever and undulating fever
D) Legionnaire's disease and Pontiac fever

Question 21

What medium is used to isolate Legionella?

A) MacConkey
B) BCYE
C) Chocolate
D) Bordet-Gengou

Question 22

What is the specimen of choice for Bordetella species?

A) Throat cultures
B) Sputum specimens
C) Bronchial aspirations
D) Nasopharyngeal swabs

Question 23

What organism produces a community-acquired pneumonia,with symptoms different than a Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia,leading to the designation of atypical pneumonia?

A) Legionella pneumophila
B) Mycoplasma urelytica
C) Chlamydophila asteroides
D) C. trachomatis

Question 24

How is Bordetella disease spread?

A) Fomites
B) Contaminated food
C) Respiratory droplet
D) Airborne

Question 25

What is the drug of choice for treating Bordetella infections?

A) Erythromycin
B) Penicillin
C) Aminoglycosides
D) Quinolones

Question 26

What agar is used to isolate Bordetella species?

A) BCYE
B) Bordet-Gengou
C) Chocolate
D) Martin-Lewis

Question 27

What organism causes the disease called whooping cough?

A) Bordetella pertussis
B) Legionella pneumoniae
C) Mycoplasma pneumoniae
D) Chlamydophila pneumoniae

Question 28

All of the following are rapid methods used to definitively identify Legionella species EXCEPT:

A) Direct fluorescent antibody (DFA)
B) DNA detection
C) Indirect immunofluorescence
D) Urine antigen testing

Question 29

What is the drug of choice for treating a Legionella infection?

A) Aminoglycosides
B) Penicillin
C) Vancomycin
D) Erythromycin