Deck 13: Global Marketing

Question 1

Which of the following is true of global marketing?

A) A marketing manager has different controllable decision variables in domestic and nondomestic markets.
B) Marketing globally is not the same as marketing at home.
C) Environmental differences do not affect development of marketing programs in domestic and nondomestic markets.
D) Knowledge of the local cultural environment is a major prerequisite for success in different nations while marketing globally.

Answer 1

D
Explanation:While marketing in a global context, knowledge of the local cultural environment is a major prerequisite for success in different nations.

Question 2

Which of the following is an offensive goal?

A) To gain access to technological innovations which are developed in other countries
B) To increase long-term growth and profit prospects
C) To avoid being locked out of future markets by arriving too late
D) To take advantage of significant differences in operating costs between countries

Answer 2

B
Explanation:Offensive goals are to (1) increase long-term growth and profit prospects; (2) maximize total sales revenue; (3) take advantage of economies of scale; and (4) improve overall market position.

Question 3

According to Michael Porter's diamond model,which of the following includes the nature of domestic demand and the sophistication of domestic customers for the industry's product or service?

A) Demand conditions
B) Company strategy, structure and rivalry
C) Related and supporting industries
D) Factor conditions

Answer 3

A
Explanation:According to Michael Porter's diamond model, demand conditions include the nature of domestic demand and the sophistication of domestic customers for the industry's product or service.

Question 4

Sashes and Bows Inc.,a firm headquartered in Milan,specializes in selling exquisite clothes.All material is sourced indigenously and the design team comprises of Italian designers.There is an absence of supplier industries for this particular industry.According to Michael Porter's model,the competitive advantage that Sashes and Bows Inc.has established is due to:

A) demand conditions.
B) company strategy, structure and rivalry.
C) related and supporting industries.
D) factor conditions.

Question 5

Which of the following is a defensive goal?

A) To increase long-term growth and profit prospects
B) To maximize total sales revenue
C) To take advantage of economies of scale
D) To preempt competitors' global moves

Question 6

According to Michael Porter's diamond model,which of the following factors refer to a nation's ability to turn its natural resources,skilled labor,and infrastructure into a competitive advantage?

A) Factor conditions
B) Demand conditions
C) Related and supporting industries
D) Company strategy, structure and rivalry

Question 7

Which of the following would qualify as an example of a defensive goal?

A) An international apparel brand's goal to conduct a wide range of research across its areas of operation in order to find customer preferences and improve overall market position.
B) A Swiss chocolate firm's aim to go overseas in order to utilize the advantage of economies of scale.
C) An American candy manufacturer's goal to take advantage of the benefits of differences in operating costs in other countries.
D) An Italian pizzeria's desire to enter into a franchising agreement with a firm in the United States to increase its profit prospects.

Question 8

The workforce of the nation,Sansania,is highly skilled and dedicated.They also possess excellent linguistic abilities which enable them to communicate well with people of different nations and as a result,exports and tourism have flourished in Sansania when compared to its neighboring countries.Sansania has established a competitive advantage over its neighboring countries due to:

A) demand conditions.
B) country strategy, structure and rivalry.
C) related and supporting industries.
D) factor conditions.

Question 9

Chopstick,a restaurant based in Japan,is well-known for its authentic Japanese delicacies,the traditional Japanese ambience,and the respect given to its customers.Chopstick is extremely popular with the very discerning and astute local population.Chopstick has a competitive advantage because of:

A) company strategy, structure and rivalry.
B) demand conditions.
C) related and supporting industries.
D) factor conditions.

Question 10

TQM Incorporation,an oil and gas corporation opened its first unique fueling station in Mexico.The fueling station consisted of pumping islands,convenience stores and separate food courts.The success of the store led to the opening of more than 300 fuelling stations worldwide.Identify the offensive strategic goal that can explain why TQM Incorporation opened its filling stations worldwide.

A) To increase long-term growth and profit prospects
B) To prevent global consolidation
C) To preempt competitors' from opening similar stores
D) To avoid being locked out of markets by arriving too late

Question 11

Which of the following is an example of an offensive strategy?

A) A mutual fund firm, headquartered in New York, aiming to increase its sales targets in its European branches.
B) An American automobile manufacturer's desire to gain access to technological innovations developed in Japan.
C) A British apparel manufacturer trying to enjoy the benefits of substantial differences in operating costs between Britain and China.
D) A cell phone manufacturer's goal to avoid being blocked entry into future markets by arriving late.

Question 12

By investing solely in domestic operations or not willing to adapt products to foreign markets,U.S.companies are more susceptible to:

A) higher economies of scale.
B) domestic competition.
C) foreign incursions.
D) diminished operating costs.

Question 13

Which of the following would qualify as an offensive goal?

A) An American software firm's desire to take advantage of significant differences in operating costs between America and Japan
B) A leather manufacturer deciding to expand its operations to other nations to enjoy the benefits of economies of scale
C) An oil dealer aiming to preempt its competitors' global moves
D) A Finnish electronic goods manufacturer's intention to acquire technological innovations developed in the United States

Question 14

According to Michael Porter's diamond model,which of the following refers to the existence or absence in the country of supplier industries that are also internationally competitive?

A) Demand conditions
B) Company strategy, structure and rivalry
C) Related and supporting industries
D) Factor conditions

Question 15

When people in different countries perceive time,thought patterns,personal space,material possessions,family roles and relationships,personal achievement,competitiveness,individuality,social behavior,and other interrelated issues in different manners,which of the following might cause companies to shy away from attempting to enter global markets?

A) Cultural misunderstanding
B) Political uncertainty
C) Economic risk
D) Unstable government

Question 16

The conditions in the nation that govern how companies are created,organized,and managed,and how intensely they compete domestically refer to the nation's:

A) company strategy, structure and rivalry.
B) demand conditions.
C) related and supporting industries.
D) factor conditions.

Question 17

Which of the following is an example of a defensive goal?

A) An American entertainment company's desire to secure technological innovation developed in France.
B) An Italian multiplex corporation aiming to increase long-term growth and profit prospects by expanding to other nations.
C) An automobile manufacturer planning to go overseas in order to increase its sales revenue.
D) A fast-food chain planning to improve overall market position across different nations by catering to the local needs of each nation.

Question 18

The board of directors of Synergie Incorporation discussed a few goals for the new fiscal year.The chief goals included maximizing sales revenue and improving overall market position of the firm.,These goals were _____ in nature.

A) defensive
B) guerilla
C) offensive
D) niche

Question 19

Which of the following is an offensive goal of multinational firms that invest in other countries?

A) To take advantage of economies of scale
B) To compete with foreign companies on their own turf instead of in the United States
C) To take advantage of significant differences in operating costs between countries
D) To preempt competitors' global moves

Question 20

Autumn Wines Inc.,a French wine company located in France,is one of the most successful wine companies due to the abundant availability of excellent quality grapes.The company has the advantage of good:

A) demand conditions.
B) factor conditions.
C) related and supporting industries.
D) company strategy, structure and rivalry.

Question 21

Daffy Inc.is an international toys and games corporation.Each overseas subsidiary is autonomous and managers of its areas of operation in different nations are given the authority to make necessary decisions and are held accountable for results.From this information,Daffy Inc.can be categorized as a:

A) global corporation.
B) multidomestic corporation.
C) national corporation.
D) state-owned corporation.

Question 22

The national government of Turnbury regulates the amount of currency that may be exported or imported.It only permits government bodies to engage in currency dealings.It also has limits on the percentage of investments that can be made by foreign companies.These rules and regulations are attributed to which of the following?

A) Import restrictions
B) Exchange controls and ownership restrictions
C) Political uncertainity
D) Cultural misunderstandings

Question 23

Which of the following is true of a global corporation?

A) It pursues different strategies in each of its foreign markets.
B) It treats each overseas subsidiary as an autonomous subsidiary.
C) It gives local managers the authority to make the necessary decisions.
D) It views the world as one market.

Question 24

Which of the following is true about import quotas and tariffs?

A) They promote global business across different continents.
B) They help in removing the roadblocks of multinational firms.
C) They enable nations with political uncertainties to go overseas.
D) They are usually established to promote self-sufficiency.

Question 25

Franklin Inc.,an apparel manufacturer based in Scotland,opened its new store in the United States.The Scottish firm's clothes received exceptionally good response from consumers in the host country.However,the firm incurred very high expenditures as the rent for the store was expensive and the cost of labor was higher than expected.Also,there was a hike in the price of fuel in the United States.This led to increased expenditures on transportation of goods.This indicates that Franklin Inc.had serious issues in the United States due to poor:

A) political conditions.
B) legal conditions.
C) economic conditions.
D) cultural conditions.

Question 26

Which of the following is true of a global corporation?

A) It emphasizes cultural similarities across countries and universal consumer needs and wants rather than differences.
B) It could have as many different product variations, brand names, and advertising campaigns as countries in which it operates.
C) It competes on a market-by-market basis.
D) It gives the authority to local managers to take necessary decisions.

Question 27

Serenity Incorporation is a leading international watch manufacturer and has established several stores across different parts of the European Continent.Each store in each different nation competes on a market-by-market basis and the firm considers each international subsidiary as an autonomous body.This indicates that Serenity Incorporation is a:

A) global corporation.
B) state-owned corporation.
C) national corporation.
D) multidomestic corporation.

Question 28

Which of the following statements is true about multidomestic corporations?

A) Multidomestic corporations view the world as one market.
B) Local managers of multidomestic corporations are given the authority to make the necessary decisions and are held accountable for results.
C) Multidomestic corporations use worldwide product divisions, each responsible for selling its own products throughout the world.
D) Multidomestic corporations standardize marketing activities when there are cultural similarities and adapt them when the cultures are different.

Question 29

Some nations establish limits on the amount of earned and invested funds that can be withdrawn from it.These exchange controls are usually established by nations that:

A) have a high trade-surplus.
B) are a part of larger trade agreements.
C) are experiencing balance-of-payment problems.
D) have an open economy.

Question 30

HSV Electronics Ltd.manufactures computers,laptops,digital cameras,and several other electronic products.It standardizes marketing activities when there are cultural similarities and adapts them when the cultures are different.The electronic giant has established worldwide product divisions,each responsible for selling its own products throughout the world.This implies that the electronic firm applies a _____ strategy.

A) multidomestic
B) transnational
C) global
D) vertical integration

Question 31

Which of the following refers to political uncertainty?

A) Differences in perception of time, thought patterns, personal space, material possessions, family roles and relationships
B) Unstable governments, social unrest, and armed conflict
C) Differences in language, customs, norms and customer preferences
D) Economic conditions and policies of a country that could harm a firm's operations within a country

Question 32

Which of the following is true of a multidomestic company?

A) It pursues different strategies in each of its foreign markets.
B) It emphasizes cultural similarities across countries and universal consumer needs and wants rather than differences.
C) It standardizes marketing activities when there are cultural similarities and adapts them when the cultures are different.
D) It views the world as one market and pits its resources against the competition in an integrated fashion.

Question 33

India Gate,a restaurant that serves Indian cuisine,opened a branch in France.Before opening the restaurant,India Gate made detailed research on the tastes of the French and made necessary changes to their menu.This implies that India Gate took necessary steps to avoid:

A) legal risk.
B) political uncertainty.
C) economic risk.
D) cultural misunderstanding.

Question 34

Which of the following is true of a global corporation?

A) It emphasizes cultural differences across countries.
B) It standardizes marketing activities when there are cultural similarities.
C) It views each nation as an entirely different market.
D) It pursues different strategies in each of its foreign markets.

Question 35

The central government of Country A requires that 80% of the proprietorship of a corporation should be held by citizens of Country A.This particular requirement of the government is attributed to which of the following?

A) Exchange controls and ownership restrictions
B) Economic risks
C) Import restrictions
D) Cultural misunderstandings

Question 36

The people of Guinland,like to maintain a balance between work and personal life.They prefer not to be categorized as workaholics and like to spare time for personal needs.When Mark,a local,working for an American company based in Guinland,requested for a week's leave,his boss denied the leave request saying that there was too much work.Mark was extremely upset with the boss's response.This created,for the American company,a(n):

A) legal risk.
B) political uncertainty.
C) economic risk.
D) cultural misunderstanding.

Question 37

I& F Ltd.is a cell phone manufacturer headquartered in the Netherlands.The firm has its units of operation across many nations.In Afghanistan,there is continuous social unrest,violent terrorism and the government is very unstable.Due to these factors,the firm has not able to function successfully.Which of the following has affected the firm's operations in Afghanistan?

A) Legal risk
B) Political uncertainty
C) Economic risk
D) Cultural misunderstanding

Question 38

Nero Foods Ltd.is a coffeehouse chain operating across various nations.The coffeehouse chain serves several kinds of coffee-based drinks,beverages,pastries,and snacks.The firm has different menus in different countries according to the chief elements of each nation's diets.Nero Foods Ltd.is a company which uses a _____ strategy.

A) global
B) transnational
C) multidomestic
D) vertical integration

Question 39

Singapore is the leading producer of coffee.However,there are a few companies in Singapore that import coffee from Brazil and India.Which of the following should be established by Singapore to establish self-sufficiency in the nation?

A) Import liberalization
B) Export incentives
C) Import quotas
D) Complementary import policy

Question 40

Book Worm Publishers,an American firm,entered into a contract with a Japanese book retailer to sell its range of exquisite coffee table.These books were priced high.The American publishing firm did not do enough research on Japanese preferences and misjudged their buying power.Sales levels were below average due to this.We can infer that Book Worm Publishers did not succeed due to ______ conditions in Japan.

A) political
B) legal
C) cultural
D) economic

Question 41

Big Bite Ltd.,an American fast-food chain has franchisees in several nations across different continents.Relations between franchisor and franchisees are smooth and Big Bite provides extensive marketing and promotional support to its franchisees regularly.There is a complete absence of rifts between present domestic and international divisions or operating units.This indicates that Big Bite Ltd.has an admirable_____.

A) culture
B) structure
C) political system
D) management process

Question 42

Which of the following statements is true of a global strategy?

A) The integration of markets is forcing companies that wish to remain successful to apply a domestic strategy.
B) Companies have the option of remaining domestic or going multinational due to the integration of markets.
C) Integration of markets is forcing companies that wish to remain successful not only to become multinationals but also to take a global perspective.
D) A multidomestic strategy, as a competitive strategy, is inherently more vulnerable to risk than a domestic strategy or a global strategy.

Question 43

_____ includes the ability of a company to project a global versus national identity,a worldwide versus domestic commitment to employees,and a willingness to tolerate interdependence among business units.

A) Structure
B) Management process
C) Culture
D) Political system

Question 44

Gorky Inc.is an American social networking company which operates in many different countries and has the ability to project a global versus national identity and a worldwide versus domestic commitment to employees.Which of the following internal factors is being stressed by Gorky Inc.?

A) Structure
B) Culture
C) Management process
D) Political system

Question 45

RUV Bank Ltd.,a leading international bank headquartered in Switzerland,has branches across 22 nations.Each branch has a well organized team of highly skilled employees.The banking corporation holds important meetings and conference calls at different intervals of time.RUV Bank Ltd.has successfully conducted global performance reviews and implemented global compensation plans.These are related to which of the following internal factors?

A) Management processes
B) Culture
C) People
D) Structure

Question 46

Orange Communications,a software giant in Silicon Valley,United States,employs a wide range of highly skilled foreign nationals.The foreign nationals gradually adjust to the new environment of the host country and are committed to multicountry careers.This is an example of which of the following internal factors?

A) Structure
B) Management process
C) Culture
D) People

Question 47

Which of the following is true of the global approach to managing businesses?

A) Companies have the option of remaining domestic or going global due to the integration of markets.
B) In determining whether or not to globalize a particular business, managers should look first at their industry.
C) A multidomestic strategy, as a competitive strategy, is inherently more vulnerable to risk than a domestic strategy or a global strategy.
D) Structure, management processes, and culture are some of the external factors that facilitate a company's efforts to undertake a global approach to marketing strategies.

Question 48

Factors constituting the external environment that are conducive to a global strategy include:

A) market factors.
B) structure factors.
C) people factors.
D) cultural factors.

Question 49

Which of the following refer internal factors to management processes?

A) The ease of installing a centralized global authority and the absence of rifts between present domestic and international divisions or operating units.
B) The ability to project a global versus national identity, a worldwide versus domestic commitment to employees, and a willingness to tolerate interdependence among business units.
C) The availability of employable foreign nationals and the willingness of current employees to commit to multicounty careers, frequent travel, and having foreign superiors.
D) The capabilities and resources available to perform global planning, budgeting, and coordination activities.

Question 50

Collin Computers Ltd.,an American company,released a new range of personal computers in its Japanese and Indian markets.Since these products had a shorter life cycle,it was difficult to accurately predict the demand.Losses due to the short life cycle of the product relate to which of the following external factors?

A) Environmental factors
B) Economic factors
C) Market factors
D) Competitive factors

Question 51

The increasing speed of technological change is associated with which of the following external factors?

A) Economic factors
B) Environmental factors
C) Market factors
D) Competitive factors

Question 52

Swift Inc.,a French footwear manufacturer,opened a new outlet in Thailand.Swift Inc.soon found substantial differences in the costs incurred in the host country.The firm shifted production to Thailand which resulted in lower labor costs,lower transport costs,and lower raw material costs.The benefits gained by the footwear manufacturer are attributed to which of the following external factors?

A) Market factors
B) Environmental factors
C) Economic factors
D) Competitive factors

Question 53

Japanese automobile manufacturer,Rebus Inc.,wanted to expand operations to the United States.Research executives at Rebus Inc.classified potential customers into two segments of homogeneous customers.Based on these needs of the two major segments,Rebus Inc.released both sedans and SUVs and gained immediate success.The success gained by the automobile manufacturer can be attributed to which of the following external factors?

A) Environmental factors
B) Economic factors
C) Competitive factors
D) Market factors

Question 54

Which of the following refer to market factors?

A) Shorter product life cycles, transferable brands and advertising, and the ability to globalize distribution channels
B) Worldwide economies of scale in manufacturing and distribution, steep learning curves, worldwide sourcing efficiencies
C) Improving communications, favorable government policies, and the increasing speed of technological change
D) Competitive interdependencies among countries, global moves of competitors, and opportunities to preempt a competitor's global moves

Question 55

Petal Inc.,a Californian apparel manufacturer purchases raw cotton in bulk from a well-established firm in Manchester.The firm also borrows from a local bank which issues loans at lower rates of interest.It distributes its apparels through its independent boutiques as well as via retailers in large shopping malls as well as tiny stores in countries like Italy,France,Singapore,Malaysia,and India.These steps have enabled the firm to achieve cost benefits.These cost benefits are attributed to which of the following external market forces?

A) Economic factors
B) Environmental factors
C) Market factors
D) Competitive factors

Question 56

The favorable trade policy of Creasio enables the nation's firms to engage in foreign trade extensively.The policy also allows a number of foreign companies to invest in the nation without any trade barriers.Maintaining a proper balance between exports and imports of the nation has led to a positive balance of trade.As a result,the global operations of firms in Creasio are strong.The favorable trade policy relates to which of the following external factors?

A) Economic factors
B) Environmental factors
C) Market factors
D) Competitive factors

Question 57

Alpha Partners Ltd.,an international auditing firm audits accounts of various multinational corporations.The firm specializes in conducting audits for the hospitality sector by organizing global performance reviews.The ability of Alpha Partners Ltd.to conduct global performance reviews is associated with which of the following internal factors?

A) Structure
B) Culture
C) People
D) Management processes

Question 58

Which of the following refer to environmental factors?

A) Homogeneous market needs, global customers, shorter product life cycles, transferable brands and advertising, and the ability to globalize distribution channels
B) Worldwide economies of scale in manufacturing and distribution, steep learning curves, and worldwide sourcing efficiencies
C) Improving communications, favorable government policies, and the increasing speed of technological change
D) Competitive interdependencies among countries, global moves of competitors, and opportunities to preempt a competitor's global moves

Question 59

Which of the following factors include steep learning curves,worldwide sourcing efficiencies,rising product development costs,and significant differences in host-country costs?

A) Market factors
B) Economic factors
C) Environmental factors
D) Competitive factors

Question 60

Which of the following internal factors refers to the ease of installing a centralized global authority and the absence of rifts between present domestic and international divisions or operating units?

A) Structure
B) Culture
C) People
D) Management process

Question 61

Which of the following is true of a global distribution strategy?

A) Global distribution strategy involves creating a single channel, common to the home country and the foreign country.
B) Agents and distributors located in foreign markets perform similar functions as both assume title to the manufacturers' products.
C) When manufacturers establish their own foreign branch, they greatly decrease control over their global distribution system.
D) The role of the distribution network in facilitating the transfer of goods and titles and in the demand stimulation process is as important in foreign markets as it is at home.

Question 62

Which of the following is integral to the understanding of the foreign consumer for their possible influence on each of the elements in a firm's marketing program?

A) Educational qualifications
B) Cultural framework of consumer motives
C) Availability of products
D) Rate of growth in buying power

Question 63

Which of the following is true of a company undertaking a global approach?

A) A global approach should not be delayed as success is dependent on a quick and rushed strategic process.
B) A multidomestic strategy, as a competitive strategy, is inherently more vulnerable to risk than a domestic strategy or a global strategy.
C) Market factors and economic conditions are internal factors that influence the potential gains to be realized by following a global strategy.
D) Successful global brands carefully stake out their markets, allowing plenty of time to develop their overseas marketing efforts.

Question 64

Which of the following can be assessed by examining gross national product or per capita national income and distribution of income?

A) Population characteristics
B) Ability to buy
C) Willingness to buy
D) Political conditions

Question 65

Which of the following is true of a global distributions strategy?

A) When manufacturers assume the functions of foreign agents or wholesalers and establish their own foreign branch, they greatly decrease control over their global distribution system.
B) Manufacturers become less directly involved when they select agents and distributors located in foreign markets.
C) Since manufacturers are located in the market area, they have greater potential to influence other intermediaries such as wholesalers and retailers.
D) When manufacturers assume the functions of foreign agents or wholesalers and establish their own foreign branch, manufacturers' effectiveness will depend on independent intermediaries.

Question 66

Which of the following is true of using census data for in-depth demographic information?

A) Some countries offer census reports only in their native language.
B) Data contained in a census are uniform across all countries.
C) All census reports are published in English, and hence the census is the most reliable source for securing in-depth demographic information.
D) Census data is not allowed to be omitted.

Question 67

Axis Pvt.Ltd.,an international financial services firm,assigns projects to employees in different nations.These multinational projects and careers provide employees with global exposure and they are more than willing to cooperate.Which of the following internal factors is covered in this example?

A) Structure
B) People
C) Culture
D) Management process

Question 68

Which of the following would help a firm to assess the buying ability of consumers in a foreign market?

A) Cultural values
B) Cultural attitude
C) Educational qualifications
D) Extent of available financing

Question 69

A manufacturer that establishes its own foreign branch and sells directly to other intermediaries will have:

A) no control over distribution.
B) absolute control over distribution.
C) to relinquish some control over distribution.
D) to depend on independent intermediaries for effectiveness.

Question 70

Which of the following is true of using census data for in-depth demographic information?

A) All nations have census data and publish their census reports in English.
B) Data contained in a census are uniform across all countries.
C) Data contained in a census often omit items of interest to researchers.
D) Since a market researcher does not encounter problems in using census data, it is considered the best source of demographic information.

Question 71

Most foreign nations do not include an income question on their census while others omit such items as marital status or education levels.What problem is the market researcher encountering here?

A) Language
B) Timeliness
C) Data content
D) Availability in the United States

Question 72

Axon Autombiles Ltd.,an American company,exported its cars to selected automobile dealers in India.The cars were designed with the driver's seat positioned on the left side.However,the position of the driver's seat was on the wrong side according to the driving rules in India,which resulted in a substantial failure.This failure can be best attributed to:

A) the lack of personal selling on the part of the sales force.
B) entering a domestic market without extensive product planning.
C) the lack of adequate pricing strategies in foreign markets.
D) problems encountered in effectively using census data.

Question 73

Viola Inc.is an international leather goods company that offers a wide range of exquisite leather bags,wallets,purses,and belts.Ever since the company opened an outlet in Mexico city,sales have dipped.This is due to the low per capita national income.The low level of sales can be attributed to which of the following organizational issues?

A) Political conditions
B) Culture
C) Willingness to buy
D) Ability to buy

Question 74

A firm can use _____ to determine whether there is an unsatisfied need for which a new product could be developed to serve a foreign market.

A) global marketing research
B) test marketing
C) product design and development
D) varied pricing strategies

Question 75

Which of the following is a major constraint faced by global marketers in devising global pricing strategies?

A) Restrictions on advertising
B) Promotional mix
C) Non availability of media
D) Import duties

Question 76

Which of the following is true of selecting media in foreign markets?

A) There is a media directory that covers all the media available throughout the world.
B) Media that are traditionally used in the domestic market may not be available in foreign markets.
C) Where data are available, their accuracy is always conclusive.
D) If media are available, they are able to reach all potential buyers.

Question 77

Rockford Automobiles Inc.,an American company,is extremely confident that American consumers will buy its cars,however,this may not be the case in countries like India and China.By conducting market research in India and China,the company has reached the conclusion that only people belonging to the upper and middle income groups would buy cars.Which of the following variables determined the success of the firm's marketing research?

A) Population characteristics
B) Culture
C) Management process
D) Structure

Question 78

Census data for many countries does not exist and it is difficult to obtain in some countries.The problem encountered by researchers in using census data here pertains to:

A) language.
B) timeliness.
C) data content.
D) foreign market data.

Question 79

Cultural factors such as the group's values concerning acquisition of material goods,the role of the family and the positions of men and women in society can have an effect on marketing because:

A) each can influence consumer behavior.
B) they provide data for the distribution of income studies.
C) they can help duplicate previous success.
D) they provide a firm with the advantage of using a partner's distribution system.

Question 80

The soaps sold by GNM Inc.in Malaysia are distributed through a general wholesaler,a product wholesaler,a product-specialty wholesaler,a regional wholesaler,a local wholesaler and a retailer before reaching the customer.This is a description of the _____ strategy used by GNM Inc.

A) advertising
B) product
C) distribution
D) promotion