Deck 10: Building Successful Information Systems

Question 1

The object-oriented approach treats process and data independently and is a sequential approach that requires completing the analysis before beginning the design.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

External users are normally part of a company's task force.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

_____ are employees who will use an information system regularly,and they can offer important feedback on the system's strengths and weaknesses.

A)Internal users
B)Customers
C)Suppliers
D)Vendors

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which of the following is an internally identified problem in information systems?

A)Changes that the system will bring to the economy
B)Suppliers noting inefficiency in the inventory control procedure
C)Management voicing concern about the organization's lack of a competitive edge in the marketplace
D)Government regulations that need to be followed by the system for its approval in the global marketplace

Question 5

In phased-in-phased-out conversion of implementation phase of the systems development life cycle (SDLC),an analyst introduces an information system in only a limited area of an organization.

Question 6

It is important to project an organization's growth rate when designing information systems.

Question 7

Users and top management should not be included in the construction phase of a prototype because construction is purely a technical matter.

Question 8

During the _____ of the systems development life cycle (SDLC)model,an information systems designer must define the problem an organization faces,taking care not to define symptoms rather than the underlying problem.

A)planning phase
B)requirements-gathering phase
C)design phase
D)implementation phase

Question 9

A request for information (RFI)can help manage the selection of vendors by focusing on the project requirements that are crucial for selecting vendors.

Question 10

Information system projects are often an extension of existing systems or involve replacing an old technology with a new one.

Question 11

The systems development life cycle (SDLC)is also known as the _____.

A)ad hoc cycle
B)self-sourcing model
C)agile cycle
D)waterfall model

Question 12

During the planning phase of the systems development life cycle (SDLC),the systems designer must define the symptoms rather than the underlying problem.

Question 13

While using PERT (Program Evaluation Review Technique)and CPM (Critical Path Method)techniques,activities that are not on the critical path are more inflexible than those activities on the critical path.

Question 14

In prototyping,modification of a complete system is easier than modifying a prototype.

Question 15

Normally,a task force for the planning phase of the systems development life cycle (SDLC)only includes representatives from the IT department along with the top management.

Question 16

Service-oriented architecture (SOA)advocates that core business functions and the dynamic functions that change all the time should be decoupled.

Question 17

Establishing evaluation criteria often gives rise to subjectivity issues during the systems development life cycle (SDLC)process.

Question 18

The creation of a system specifications document indicates the beginning of the analysis phase of the systems development life cycle (SDLC).

Question 19

The systems development life cycle (SDLC)model is used when the problem under investigation is not well defined.

Question 20

During the _____ of the systems development life cycle (SDLC),analysts investigate a proposed solution's feasibility and determine how best to present the solution to management to get funding.

A)planning phase
B)requirements-gathering phase
C)design phase
D)implementation phase

Question 21

A _____ is a tool used in structured systems analysis and design (SSAD)approach that helps analysts understand the data requirements an information system must meet by defining data elements and showing the associations between them.

A)data flow diagram
B)flowchart
C)context diagram
D)conceptual data model

Question 22

A _____ is a tool used in structured systems analysis and design (SSAD)analysis model that illustrates the logical steps in a process but does not show data elements and associations.

A)data flow diagram
B)flowchart
C)context diagram
D)conceptual data model

Question 23

_____ measure what an individual would miss by not having an information system or feature.

A)Opportunity costs
B)Operating costs
C)Development costs
D)Investment costs

Question 24

A _____ is a modeling tool used in structured systems analysis and design (SSAD)analysis model that helps break down a complex process into simpler,more manageable,and more understandable subprocesses.

A)data flow diagram
B)flowchart
C)context diagram
D)conceptual data model

Question 25

Which of the following is a characteristic of a joint application design (JAD)?

A)It incorporates a standard approach for an organization that focuses on the implementation of structure in the processes of other organizations.
B)A joint application design session centres on a structured workshop in which users and system professionals come together to develop an application.
C)It is a unilateral activity that involves the owner of the organization.
D)It ensures that collected requirements are one-dimensional in focus.

Question 26

During the _____ of the systems development life cycle (SDLC),analysts choose the solution that is the most realistic and offers the highest payoff for an organization.

A)planning phase
B)analysis phase
C)design phase
D)implementation phase

Question 27

During the design phase of the systems development life cycle (SDLC),the _____ is created for a specific platform,such as choosing Dell servers running Ubuntu Linux and Java for the programming language.

A)layout design
B)physical design
C)conceptual design
D)logical design

Question 28

External users of an organization's information system _____.

A)refrain from providing feedback to the organization
B)are its customers,contractors,and suppliers
C)typically form a part of its task force
D)are the employees who use the system

Question 29

In the design phase of the systems development life cycle (SDLC),the _____ is an overview of the system and does not include hardware or software choices.

A)layout design
B)physical design
C)conceptual design
D)logical design

Question 30

Which of the following is categorized as a tangible benefit of an information system?

A)Improved employee morale
B)Better customer satisfaction
C)Increased company profits
D)Increased flexibility in business operations

Question 31

In the _____ of the systems development life cycle (SDLC),a problem is defined and alternatives are generated for solving it.

A)planning phase
B)requirements-gathering and analysis phase
C)design phase
D)implementation and maintenance phase

Question 32

In the design phase of the systems development life cycle (SDLC),the _____ indicates hardware and software,such as specifying Linux servers and Windows clients.

A)layout design
B)physical design
C)conceptual design
D)logical design

Question 33

_____ is concerned with whether a new system can be delivered on time to customers.

A)Economic feasibility
B)Technical feasibility
C)Operational feasibility
D)Scheduling feasibility

Question 34

Which of the following is an advantage of a joint application design (JAD)?

A)It incorporates varying viewpoints from different functional areas of an organization to help ensure that collected requirements for the application are not too narrow or one-dimensional in focus.
B)It provides a method for investigating an environment in which a problem is poorly defined and information is difficult to gather.
C)It reduces the need to train information system users and increase the system's chance of success by encouraging users' involvement.
D)It improves communication among users,top management,and information systems personnel because seeing a concrete model often prompts potential users of the system to ask questions,express opinions,and so forth.

Question 35

_____ is the measure of how well a proposed solution will work in an organization and how internal and external customers will react to it.

A)Economic feasibility
B)Technical feasibility
C)Operational feasibility
D)Legal feasibility

Question 36

_____ is concerned with issues such as political repercussions of using an information system and whether the system takes the Information Privacy Act into account.

A)Economic feasibility
B)Technical feasibility
C)Operational feasibility
D)Legal feasibility

Question 37

The most common cost-effectiveness analysis methods are payback,net present value (NPV),return on investment (ROI),and _____.

A)consolidated rate of return
B)external rate of return
C)corporate rate of return
D)internal rate of return

Question 38

The _____,which indicates the start of the design phase,is created during the requirements-gathering and analysis phase of the systems development life cycle (SDLC).

A)maintenance plan document
B)system specifications document
C)blueprint document
D)execution document

Question 39

A _____ is a tool used in structured systems analysis and design (SSAD)analysis model that shows a process at a more general level and is helpful for showing top management and the task force how a process works.

A)data flow diagram
B)flowchart
C)context diagram
D)conceptual data model

Question 40

_____ assesses an information system's costs and benefits.

A)Economic feasibility
B)Technical feasibility
C)Operational feasibility
D)Legal feasibility

Question 41

Identify a true statement about pair programming.

A)In this,two programmers perform activities different from the other at one workstation.
B)In this,two programmers perform same activities at one workstation.
C)In this,two programmers perform same activities at different workstations.
D)In this,two programmers perform activities different from the other at different workstations.

Question 42

_____ is a method for developing software applications and information system projects in which a project is divided into smaller functions and developers cannot go on to the next phase until the current phase is finished.

A)Extreme programming (XP)
B)Rapid application development (RAD)
C)Service-oriented architecture (SOA)
D)Joint application design (JAD)

Question 43

Identify a disadvantage of a request for proposal (RFP).

A)A lengthy time frame makes a request for proposal less appealing.
B)If the time involved in evaluating proposals is short,it makes the request for proposal complex.
C)In a request for proposal,every vendor gets different information resulting in unfair bids.
D)In a request for proposal,different vendors have different deadlines for submitting bids.

Question 44

Which of the following increases the risk of leaking confidential information to competitors?

A)Insourcing
B)Outsourcing
C)Self-sourcing
D)Greenfield venturing

Question 45

During the implementation phase of the systems development life cycle (SDLC),in _____,the old and new systems run simultaneously for a short time to ensure the new system works correctly.

A)parallel conversion
B)phased-in-phased-out conversion
C)plunge conversion
D)pilot conversion

Question 46

With _____,an organization chooses an outsourcing company in the same country.

A)onshore outsourcing
B)nearshore outsourcing
C)offshore outsourcing
D)farshore outsourcing

Question 47

During the implementation phase of the systems development life cycle (SDLC),in _____,as each module of a new system is converted,the corresponding part of an old system is retired.

A)parallel conversion
B)phased-in-phased-out conversion
C)plunge conversion
D)pilot conversion

Question 48

During the _____ of the systems development life cycle (SDLC),a solution is transferred from paper to action,and a team configures the system and procures components for it.

A)analysis phase
B)design phase
C)implementation phase
D)maintenance phase

Question 49

A _____ shows users how a particular task that was not technically feasible can be done.

A)proof-of-concept prototype
B)computer-aided prototype
C)requirements-based prototype
D)phased-in-phased-out prototype

Question 50

With _____,an organization chooses an outsourcing company in any part of the world (usually a country farther away than a neighboring country),as long as it can provide the needed services.

A)onshore outsourcing
B)nearshore outsourcing
C)offshore outsourcing
D)farshore outsourcing

Question 51

With _____,an organization chooses an outsourcing company in a neighboring country,such as when a U.S.organization chooses a company in Canada or Mexico.

A)onshore outsourcing
B)nearshore outsourcing
C)offshore outsourcing
D)farshore outsourcing

Question 52

Identify a true statement of the Critical Path Method (CPM).

A)In such a network,the critical path takes the shortest time to be completed.
B)The technique works by determining the critical path for interrelated activities with zero slack time.
C)Activities that are on the critical path are flexible and can be delayed.
D)A delay in the activities of a project can be ignored without considering additional resources.

Question 53

_____ is a philosophy and a software and system development methodology that focuses on the development,use,and reuse of small,self-contained blocks of codes to meet the software needs of an organization.

A)Extreme programming (XP)
B)Rapid application development (RAD)
C)Service-oriented architecture (SOA)
D)Joint application design (JAD)

Question 54

_____ helps reduce the backlog in producing information systems and improve flexibility in responding to users' information needs.

A)Subcontracting
B)Outsourcing
C)Self-sourcing
D)Crowdsourcing

Question 55

_____ uses an iterative process that repeats the design,expansion,and testing steps as needed,based on feedback from users.

A)Extreme programming (XP)
B)Rapid application development (RAD)
C)Service-oriented architecture (SOA)
D)Joint application design (JAD)

Question 56

During the implementation phase of the systems development life cycle (SDLC),in _____,the analyst introduces an information system in only a limited area of an organization,such as a division or department.

A)parallel conversion
B)phased-in-phased-out conversion
C)plunge conversion
D)pilot conversion

Question 57

Which of the following is an outcome of the design phase of the systems development life cycle (SDLC)?

A)A document that contains requirements to determine the main problem with the current system.
B)A document that defines the data flow between processes and external entities,and data stores.
C)A document with exact specifications for executing the system,including procedures,hardware and software,and networking components.
D)A document that contains information of what the system should do and what is needed for this process to be performed.

Question 58

During the implementation phase of the systems development life cycle (SDLC),in _____,an old system is stopped and a new system is implemented.

A)parallel conversion
B)phased-in-phased-out conversion
C)plunge conversion
D)pilot conversion

Question 59

During the _____ of the systems development life cycle (SDLC),an information system is operating,enhancements and modifications to the system have been developed and tested,and hardware and software components have been added or replaced.

A)planning phase
B)design phase
C)implementation phase
D)maintenance phase

Question 60

Computer-aided systems engineering (CASE)tools are typically used during the _____ of the systems development life cycle (SDLC).

A)planning phase
B)design phase
C)implementation phase
D)maintenance phase

Question 61

Identify a key feature of extreme programming (XP).

A)Acquirement of new equipment
B)Investigation of environments with poorly defined problems
C)Immediate feedback from users
D)Emphasis on limiting the project's scope

Question 62

Identify a true statement of extreme programming.

A)Developers are allowed to go to the next phase before completion of the current phase.
B)This method does not allow changes to a system after its delivery to the users.
C)Two programmers perform activities different from the other at different workstations.
D)System's quality is improved by addressing major issues that have not been examined before.

Question 63

_________ refers to the trend of end users developing their own information systems with little or no formal assistance from an information systems team.

A)Insourcing
B)Outsourcing
C)Self-sourcing
D)Crowdsourcing

Question 64

A(n)_________,which is a project management technique,can be established using the critical path to list the completion time of a project on the x-axis and all the activities on the y-axis.

A)work breakdown structure
B)event chain diagram
C)Gantt chart
D)risk register

Question 65

_________ are small-scale versions of information systems,which are built before building the entire system,and are used to illustrate the system's benefits and allow users to offer feedback.

A)Structured systems
B)Prototypes
C)Flowcharts
D)Context diagrams

Question 66

_________ is an approach where an organization's team develops an information system internally.

A)Insourcing
B)Outsourcing
C)Self-sourcing
D)Crowdsourcing

Question 67

In the extreme programming (XP)environment,a method where programmers are usually organized into teams of two,sharing a workstation and working on the same code is known as _________.

A)procedural programming
B)pair programming
C)sequential programming
D)parallel programming

Question 68

In the context of systems development life cycle (SDLC),the tool used by analysts for the purpose of investigating a proposed solution's viability and determine how best to present the solution to management in order to obtain funding is _________.

A)context diagram
B)feasibility study
C)conceptual data model
D)flowchart

Question 69

Identify a similarity between agile methodology and extreme programming (XP).

A)Both give more emphasis to team coding.
B)Both focus on an incremental development process.
C)Both respond to changing needs before the system is delivered.
D)Both have programmers perform different actions at one time.

Question 70

_________ is a series of well-defined phases performed in sequence that serves as a framework for developing an information system or project.

A)Rapid Application Development (RAD)
B)Extreme Programming (XP)
C)Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA)
D)Systems development life cycle (SDLC)

Question 71

_________ prototypes are used to market a proposed system to users and management by showing some of its features and demonstrating how beneficial it could be to an organization.

A)proof-of-concept
B)self-sourcing
C)selling
D)phased-in-phased-out

Question 72

The fundamental principle behind _________ is that the "blocks of codes" can be reused in a variety of different applications,allowing new business processes to be created from a pool of existing services.

A)structured systems analysis and design (SSAD)
B)joint application design (JAD)
C)service-oriented architecture (SOA)
D)computer-aided systems engineering (CASE)

Question 73

_________ is a tool used in the structured systems analysis and design (SSAD)model for data analysis.

A)conceptual data model
B)context diagram
C)flowchart
D)data flow diagram

Question 74

Identify a difference between the systems development life cycle (SDLC)and extreme programming (XP).

A)Systems development life cycle (SDLC)have a planning and analysis phase,whereas extreme programming (XP)combines both the phases into one phase.
B)Developers following a systems development life cycle (SDLC)can move to any phase from the current phase,whereas in extreme programming (XP)developers cannot go on to the next phase until;the current phase is finished.
C)In the systems development life cycle (SDLC)changes cannot be made to the system once it is delivered to the user,whereas extreme programming (XP)method delivers the system to the users and then make changes suggested by the user.
D)Systems development life cycle (SDLC)develops the entire system at once,whereas extreme programming (XP)uses incremental steps to improve an information system's quality.

Question 75

The _________ approach treats process and data independently and is a sequential approach that requires completing the analysis before beginning the design of information systems.

A)joint application design (JAD)
B)structured systems analysis and design (SSAD)
C)object-oriented
D)class-responsibility collaboration

Question 76

The end result of the _________ phase of the systems development life cycle (SDLC)should give users and top management a clear view of what the problem is and how the information system will solve the problem.

A)planning
B)requirements-gathering
C)design
D)implementation

Question 77

One shortcoming of rapid application development (RAD)is _____.

A)a narrow focus,which might limit future development
B)that building an application takes more time
C)a lack of reusability of small,self-contained blocks of codes
D)a set plan,where they do not respond to the changing needs

Question 78

A _________ is a written document with detailed specifications that is used to appeal bids for equipment,supplies,or services from vendors.

A)statistical information
B)request for proposal (RFP)
C)cost-benefit analysis (CBA)report
D)milestone chart

Question 79

_________ is an incremental development process,which focuses on setting a minimum number of requirements and turning them into a working product.

A)Joint application design (JAD)approach
B)Extreme programming (XP)
C)Agile methodology
D)Rapid application development (RAD)​

Question 80

_________ is similar to extreme programming (XP)in focusing on an incremental development process and timely delivery of working software,which has less emphasis on team coding and more emphasis on limiting a project's scope.

A)V-shaped model
B)Joint application design (JAD)approach
C)Evolutionary prototyping
D)Agile methodology