Deck 27: Infection Control

Question 1

The medical term for hives is rhinitis.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Interferon is a naturally occurring protein that helps protect cells from viral invasion.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Employers must provide employees with hepatitis B immunizations free of charge within 10 days of the start of employment.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Employees must provide their own alternative to latex gloves if they show signs of latex anaphylaxis.

Question 5

An autoimmune disorder can be caused by a number of different pathogens.

Question 6

Spore structures protect viral cells from immune system action.

Question 7

An example of parenteral administration of a medication is a subcutaneous injection.

Question 8

An inherited defect is one that occurs inexplicably during fetal development.

Question 9

Anaphylaxis is a serious systemic response to an allergic substance.

Question 10

Alcohol handrubs, when used properly, are as effective at reducing the incidence of nosocomial infections.

Question 11

An example of a vector is a tick that transmits disease.

Question 12

An antibody is a complex protein produced by the immune system in response to exposure to a specific antigen.

Question 13

Sterile procedures involve the absence of pathogenic microorganisms.

Question 14

An antiseptic is an agent that can be used on the skin to inhibit the growth of microorganisms.

Question 15

Pyemia is a condition marked by infectious microorganisms in the patient's urine.

Question 16

A palliative treatment is designed to cure a particular disease.

Question 17

Relapse is the disappearance of the clinical symptoms of disease.

Question 18

Candida organisms cause a yeast infection of the vaginal mucosa.

Question 19

A germicide is an agent that destroys pathogenic microorganisms.

Question 20

Hands do not have to be sanitized if the healthcare worker conscientiously uses gloves during all possible times of exposure.

Question 21

Reservoir hosts who are unaware of their ability to spread an infectious disease are identified as carriers.

Question 22

Which of the following scenarios is the only situation in which recapping a needle is considered an appropriate procedure?

A)A biohazard sharps container is not nearby.
B)The procedures performed do not involve venipuncture.
C)The medical assistant knows the patient is free of infectious disease.
D)After the medical assistant has withdrawn medication from a vial.

Question 23

An antiseptic is used to cleanse the patient's skin before a surgical procedure.

Question 24

The most effective treatment for viral infections is palliative in nature.

Question 25

Medical assistants who wear eye glasses do not have to worry about wearing protective eyewear when assisting with patient procedures.

Question 26

Most pathogens prefer dry, hot environments for growth and multiplication.

Question 27

The process used to wash and remove blood and tissue from medical instruments is called:

A)asepsis
B)disinfection
C)sanitization
D)sterilization

Question 28

A patient who is in remission has a disease but is not showing symptoms at the time.

Question 29

What do viruses do when they enter the body's cells?

A)Multiply and form colonies
B)Produce poisonous secretions
C)Incorporate into the cells' reproductive material
D)Create resistant spores

Question 30

If a medical assistant performs medical aseptic hand washing or hand sanitization routinely, he or she does not have to wear disposable gloves when sanitizing contaminated surfaces.

Question 31

The most important step in achieving hand asepsis is:

A)removing jewelry
B)rinsing with alcohol
C)using surgical soap
D)wearing gloves

Question 32

The presence of adequate amounts of oxygen is one of the keys tor the spread of anaerobic microorganisms.

Question 33

Most pathogenic microorganisms prefer a neutral pH for optimum growth.

Question 34

HIV is transmitted by blood that splatters onto intact skin or mucous membranes.

Question 35

If a blood vessel is permeable, it is protected from the transfer of substances from the outside environment.

Question 36

Healthcare workers who wear artificial fingernails have no greater risk of transmitting infectious diseases as long as they perform adequate hand washing.

Question 37

The CDC recognizes the use of alcohol-based handrubs as an adequate replacement for traditional hand washing.

Question 38

What are the two important factors in performing an effective hand wash?

A)Friction and running warm water
B)Antibacterial soap and hot water
C)Length of time spent and type of soap
D)Position of the hands and temperature of the water

Question 39

The ability of viral cells to produce spores provides an additional protective factor from immune system cells.

Question 40

Which of the following is not a major area that must be covered in the medical facility's Exposure Control Plan required by OSHA?

A)List of potentially dangerous tasks performed by facility employees
B)Specific steps for providing effective patient treatment
C)Procedures for treating employees that come in contact with infectious materials
D)Safety procedures to reduce employee exposure to blood-borne pathogens

Question 41

Relapse and remission are seen frequently in what types of infection?

A)Chronic infections
B)Latent infections
C)Infections with rapid onset
D)Infections that cause fever

Question 42

Macrophage action occurs with:

A)a systemic reaction to an antigen
B)trapping of foreign substances in mucous membranes
C)protection created by the body's resident bacteria
D)cell-mediated immunity

Question 43

Gloves, gowns, and goggles are examples of:

A)asepsis
B)personal protective equipment
C)engineering controls
D)sterilization

Question 44

Inflammation mediators that are released at the site of cellular damage perform which of the following functions?

A)Increase blood flow to the site.
B)Increase the permeability of blood vessel walls.
C)Cause more RBCs to be attracted to the site of injury.
D)Both A and B.
E)All are correct.

Question 45

A susceptible host in the chain of infection is an individual that:

A)has been exposed to an infectious disease
B)has been immunized against the infectious microorganism
C)has an immune system that is overwhelmed by the pathogenic exposure
D)is healthy and able to create an adequate immune response to the pathogen

Question 46

For which of the following is a medical assistant required to wear a mask while taking the patient's medical history?

A)Hepatitis C
B)Rheumatic fever
C)AIDS
D)Active tuberculosis
E)Food poisoning

Question 47

Which of the following is the recommended method for disposing of needles in a puncture-proof container?

A)Cutting the needle
B)Bending the needle
C)Keeping the needle intact
D)Recapping the needle
E)Removing the needle from the syringe

Question 48

While a blood specimen is being prepared for laboratory analysis, the container tips over, and blood spills on the laboratory table.Which of the following is the most appropriate management of the spill?

A)Cover the spill with paper towels, pour 10% bleach solution on the towels, wait 15 minutes, wipe up the spill while wearing gloves, and discard the paper towels in an infectious waste container.
B)Spray the spill with a strong detergent and allow the table to dry.
C)Wipe up the spill with paper towels, spray disinfectant on the table every 15 minutes for 30 minutes, and discard the paper towel in the wastebasket.
D)Wipe up the spill with soapy cloth towels, rinse the table thoroughly with water, and discard the towels in the contaminated laundry bin.

Question 49

The immune system response that is identified as humoral immunity is:

A)cellular immune reactions
B)production of antibodies in response to a foreign substance in the body
C)the inflammatory process
D)natural protection against disease

Question 50

The method that completely destroys microorganisms is:

A)disinfection
B)sterilization
C)sanitization
D)boiling
E)furnigation

Question 51

The CDC does not recommend Standard Precautions for which of the following body fluids if the fluid does not contain visible blood?

A)Amniotic
B)Cerebrospinal
C)Pleural
D)Synovial
E)Urine

Question 52

Viral infections:

A)are treated effectively with antibiotics
B)include malaria and gonorrhea
C)are treated with a focus on palliative care
D)may form spores

Question 53

According to OSHA regulations, under which of the following circumstances is recapping needles allowed?

A)When an antiseptic cleaner is used
B)When the needles are reusable
C)When the patient is disease free
D)When gloves are worn
E)When recapping an unused needle

Question 54

A spore:

A)requires sanitization to be destroyed
B)is the active form of an infectious microorganism
C)can be destroyed with most disinfectants
D)is a resistant bacterial reproductive cell that can become active and cause disease

Question 55

On the basis of your understanding of the chain of infection, what would be the most effective method of controlling the spread of conjunctivitis in a day care center?

A)Conjunctivitis is not contagious.
B)Close the day care center until all children are symptom-free.
C)Sanitize hands thoroughly after each contact with a symptomatic child.
D)Immediately send the child home to prevent the spread of the disease.

Question 56

For disinfection to be effective, what must the medical assistant do?

A)Perform disinfection before sanitization.
B)Make sure sanitized instruments are still moist before disinfection begins.
C)If the patient is HIV positive, use twice the amount of recommended disinfectant solution.
D)Soak instruments in a closed container.

Question 57

Blunt needles, needleless systems, and resheathing syringes are examples of:

A)asepsis
B)personal protective equipment
C)engineering controls
D)sterilization

Question 58

Cell-mediated immunity:

A)causes destruction of pathogens at the site of infection
B)results in the production of antibodies
C)is stimulated by the presence of an antigen
D)creates immunity to disease

Question 59

What should not be done when sanitizing an instrument?

A)Wear latex gloves when cleaning sharp instruments.
B)Use a separate work area to avoid cross-contamination.
C)Prevent coagulation of blood on instruments.
D)Separate sharp and blunt instruments.

Question 60

Which of the following procedures is appropriate for preparing blood and other potentially infectious materials for transport?

A)Decontaminating the hazardous waste container
B)Freezing the materials before transport
C)Relabeling containers provided for waste
D)Placing the materials in a leakproof container during collection
E)Washing the container with household detergent

Question 61

Office staff are responsible for maintaining asepsis in all the exam rooms and the patient waiting room.What steps should be taken to make sure the areas are aseptic?

A)Sterilize all exam surfaces.
B)Sanitize all surfaces in the patients' bathroom.
C)Disinfect toys in the waiting room.
D)Both A and C.
E)Both B and C.

Question 62

A 62-year-old patient with shingles is seen in the office.The physician would classify this disease as:

A)a chronic infection
B)the prodromal period of the infection
C)a latent infection
D)the acute onset of a varicella infection

Question 63

A(n) __________ is a foreign substance that results in the production of a specific antibody.

Question 64

__________ infections persist for a long time.

Question 65

Before disposing of a contaminated needle into a sharps container, the medical assistant should:

A)carefully recap the needle
B)bend the needle so it cannot be used again
C)disconnect the needle from the syringe
D)none of the above

Question 66

Fungal infections are also called __________ infections.

Question 67

What should be done if the eyes are exposed to potentially infectious bodily fluids?

A)Administer antibiotic drops to the eyes as quickly as possible.
B)Flush the eyes with warm water as soon as possible.
C)Have the physician examine the eyes for potential infection.

Question 68

A 6-year-old patient with pink eye (conjunctivitis) is examined in the office.What is the best method of preventing the spread of the infection?

A)Keep the patient in the sick child exam room.
B)Avoid touching the child.
C)Perform careful and repeated hand washing or sanitization.
D)Ask the mother to assist with the physician's examination.

Question 69

A(n) __________ is an insect or tick that transmits the causative organisms of a disease.

Question 70

A(n) __________ agent is a medication that relieves a patient's symptoms but does not cure a disease.

Question 71

The key to reducing the prevalence of antibiotic resistance is to:

A)prescribe antibiotics for all cases of the flu
B)order antibiotics for a minimum of 2 days
C)limit the use of antibiotics to one that is specific to the pathogen
D)all of the above

Question 72

A(n) __________ is an infection that is acquired in a healthcare setting and is often caused by failure to follow Standard Precautions in the facility.

Question 73

A(n) __________ disorder is one in which the body reacts against its own tissues.

Question 74

The __________ route of administration is the injection or introduction of substances into the body by means other than through the digestive tract.

Question 75

One of the goals of performing frequent hand washing is to:

A)sterilize the hands
B)reduce the number of resident bacteria
C)prevent transient bacteria from becoming resident
D)perform surgical asepsis

Question 76

__________ is a yeastlike fungal infection that typically affects the vaginal and oral mucosa.

Question 77

The safest method to achieve adequate sanitization is to:

A)use an ultrasonic sanitizer bath
B)wear disposable exam gloves during a procedure
C)soak sharp and blunt instruments together

Question 78

In which case should a medical assistant use a face mask as part of the standard PPE?

A)A child with chicken pox
B)A patient suspected of having tuberculosis
C)A pregnant woman with the flu
D)A patient with an infected surgical wound

Question 79

Rosa is responsible for training a new employee in medical aseptic hand washing.Which of the following should Rosa emphasize?

A)Using hot, running water
B)Carefully washing around all rings
C)Using an adequate amount of soap and rubbing in a circular motion around all fingers
D)Carefully drying the hands with a sterile disposable drape

Question 80

Errors in disinfection can occur if:

A)instruments are not properly sanitized first
B)the disinfectant solution is diluted
C)instruments are soaked in a closed container
D)A and B
E)all of the above