Deck 46: Assisting in Pulmonary Medicine

Question 1

The sinuses are fluid-filled spaces of the face that help filter inhaled air.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

The best time for sputum specimen collection is in the evening, immediately before bed.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Antibiotics are prescribed for URIs if there is evidence of a secondary bacterial infection.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The treatment for viral pneumonia is palliative.

Question 5

The pleural membrane is a double-layered tissue; the visceral layer is closest to the lungs, and the parietal pleura is on the outside.

Question 6

Inspiration occurs when the diaphragm moves upward into the thoracic cavity and the intercostals muscles pull out and separate the rib cage.

Question 7

The tuberculosis bacillus can develop spores, which allow it to live for an extended time outside a host.

Question 8

Pulse oximetry provides the physician with the oxygen saturation level of the arterial blood without the need for an arterial blood sample.

Question 9

Individuals exposed to TB have a positive PPD result for the rest of their lives.

Question 10

Emphysema results from overinflation of alveoli and difficulty with inspiration.

Question 11

The CDC recommends that active pulmonary TB be treated with a single antibiotic for 6 months.

Question 12

The left lung is divided into three lobes and the right lung into two.

Question 13

A diagnosis of TB is confirmed with a chest x-ray examination.

Question 14

Pneumoconioses typically are seen in patients with industrial occupations.

Question 15

Malnourishment and living in a crowded environment contribute to the spread of TB.

Question 16

If a patient is diagnosed with viral pneumonia, the WBC count will be normal.

Question 17

The collection of dust and foreign particles in the cilia lining the respiratory tract initiates the cough reflex.

Question 18

Pneumonia is most often seen in young children and the elderly.

Question 19

The primary means by which Mycobacterium tuberculosis is spread is direct contact with contaminated items.

Question 20

A positive TB test result indicates that the patient is in the primary infection stage of the disease.

Question 21

Bronchiectasis can cause a chronic lung condition that ultimately may lead to COPD.

Question 22

Two pathologic responses occur in patients with asthma: local inflammation and bronchiole constriction.

Question 23

The medical terms for "throat" and "windpipe" are:

A)larynx and trachea
B)larynx and bronchus
C)pharynx and bronchus
D)pharynx and trachea

Question 24

Emphysema patients find it very difficult to exhale inspired air, which contributes to alveolar damage.

Question 25

The physician may order either oxygen therapy or bronchodilators if a patient's pulse ox is below 92%.

Question 26

The PFT of an patient with emphysema shows an increase in residual volume over time.

Question 27

Exposure to radon gas over time contributes to the development of cancer of the larynx.

Question 28

Peak flow meters are an effective method of assessing the status of patients with asthma, because during an asthma attack, the individual has difficulty inhaling a large volume of air.

Question 29

The best time to get a good sputum sample is first thing in the morning, after the patient has had breakfast.

Question 30

If a patient is prescribed both an antiinflammatory and a bronchodilator for treatment, the antiinflammatory should be taken first to help reduce bronchiole irritation.

Question 31

Residual volume is the amount of air left in the lungs after forced expiration.

Question 32

When taking a nebulizer treatment, the patient should breathe in faster than normal to absorb as much medication as possible.

Question 33

Lung cancer frequently is diagnosed after it has metastasized, because the early symptoms of the disease are similar to those experienced by smokers on a regular basis.

Question 34

Which phrase best describes the process of ventilation?

A)Downward movement of the diaphragm to allow air to enter the lungs
B)Exchange of oxygenated air and waste gases
C)Transport of oxygen from the outside environment into the alveoli
D)Signal from the brain that initiates the breathing cycle

Question 35

Healthcare workers who have a positive PPD skin test must have the test repeated annually to screen for active tuberculosis.

Question 36

Sleep apnea is treated with a continuous positive airway pressure machine that must be worn nightly.

Question 37

Which structure is classified as part of the upper respiratory tract?

A)Bronchi
B)Larynx
C)Lung
D)Trachea

Question 38

Atrovent may be prescribed for long-term antiinflammatory control of asthma symptoms.

Question 39

Crackling sounds heard on auscultation of the chest are known as:

A)dyspnea
B)phlegm
C)pulmonary consolidation
D)rales

Question 40

Patients with emphysema do best on a high-calorie diet, to compensate for the extra effort needed just to breathe.

Question 41

When the physician orders a nebulizer treatment, the route of drug administration is through:

A)irrigation
B)inhalation
C)sublingual absorption
D)instillation

Question 42

Which of the following medications are used to treat allergic rhinitis?

A)Allegra and Flonase
B)Septra and Amoxicillin
C)Alupent and Seravent
D)INH and RIF

Question 43

The procedure that measures the amount of air moving into and out of the lungs is:

A)bronchoscopy
B)intubation
C)spirometry
D)thoracentesis
E)tracheostomy

Question 44

The symptoms of an asthma attack include:

A)nonproductive cough
B)hemoptysis
C)inspiratory wheezing
D)rhinorrhea

Question 45

Nonproductive cough and expiratory wheezing are signs of:

A)asthma
B)COPD
C)pneumonia
D)tuberculosis

Question 46

Which statement is true about the formation of tubercles?

A)They form when a patient is exposed to TB and then develops the disease.
B)They are the result of cell-mediated isolation of the tuberculin bacillus.
C)Immediate treatment with 3 months of INH destroys any possible tubercles in the body.
D)Tubercles do not affect the TB skin test results, because the patient does not have active TB.

Question 47

The physician asks the medical assistant to position a patient on the examination table so that the patient can breathe more easily.The most appropriate position is:

A)dorsal recumbent
B)jackknife
C)lithotomy
D)high-Fowler's
E)Trendelenburg's

Question 48

Which medication is used for immediate control of asthma symptoms?

A)Ventolin
B)Aerobid
C)Singulair
D)Azmacort

Question 49

Which respiratory action is initiated by a signal from the medulla oblongata?

A)Expiration
B)Inspiration
C)Ventilation
D)Exhalation

Question 50

A blood test to help diagnose tuberculosis is:

A)WBC count
B)WBC with diff
C)QuantiFERON-TB Gold test
D)Mantoux
E)PPD

Question 51

A new employee is to have the two-step Mantoux test to screen for TB.What does this mean?

A)Her blood needs to be drawn at 1-week intervals.
B)Her first Mantoux test was positive, so the second is ordered as a follow-up procedure.
C)Her chest x-ray film was suspicious, so the Mantoux test is ordered to confirm the presence of TB.
D)A second Mantoux is done 1 to 3 weeks after the first test.

Question 52

The main trunk of the respiratory system is the:

A)pharynx
B)trachea
C)primary bronchi
D)bronchioles

Question 53

To obtain a reliable throat culture for testing, it is essential to:

A)swab only the back of the throat and the tonsils
B)obtain at least two samples
C)make sure the patient does not gag
D)include material from the back of the tongue

Question 54

You would expect a patient diagnosed with pneumonia to have what signs and symptoms?

A)Signs of pulmonary consolidation
B)Positive QFT
C)Rales and rhonchi
D)A and C
E)All of the above

Question 55

A serious inflammation of the lungs can be caused by:

A)mycobacteria
B)influenza virus
C)fungi
D)A and B
E)all of the above

Question 56

The exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen between lung tissue and the bloodstream occurs in the:

A)bronchi
B)bronchiole
C)alveolar ducts
D)alveolar sacs

Question 57

Which instruction is appropriate for preparing a patient for spirometry?

A)Do not cough during the test.
B)It is okay to bend at the waist, but keep the chin elevated.
C)Stand up during the procedure.
D)Do not bite down tightly on the mouthpiece.

Question 58

To obtain a useful evaluation of pulmonary function in a patient with asthma patient, you must administer the test when the patient:

A)has suffered a spasm in the bronchial tubes within the previous hour
B)is experiencing a bronchial spasm
C)has already been evaluated with chest radiographs
D)has taken medication to expand the bronchi

Question 59

Which of the following refers to slow, shallow respirations?

A)Eupnea
B)Dyspnea
C)Hypoventilation
D)Apnea

Question 60

Which statement is true about the paranasal sinuses?

A)They are fluid-filled, bony structures of the face.
B)The sinuses contain resident bacteria.
C)The classic sign of a sinus infection is a headache.
D)Sinus infections are treated with decongestants, antibiotics for bacterial infections, and analgesics.
E)Both C and D are true.

Question 61

Which statement is true about pulse oximetry?

A)It can be performed on any finger; nail polish does not have to be removed.
B)It measures the percentage of hemoglobin that is oxygenated compared with the total amount of hemoglobin available.
C)It provides both the oxygen saturation level and the patient's pulse rate.
D)Both B and C are true.

Question 62

Risk factors for sleep apnea include:

A)female gender
B)obesity
C)diabetes mellitus
D)CHF

Question 63

The medical term for dilation of the bronchioles is __________.

Question 64

A patient suspected of having cancer of the lung shows what symptom(s)?

A)Atelectasis
B)Hemoptysis
C)Increased residual volume
D)A and B

Question 65

The PFT results for a patient with emphysema show:

A)decreased vital capacity and increased inspiratory capacity
B)decreased residual volume
C)increased residual volume and decreased forced expiratory volume
D)A and C

Question 66

__________ is the medical term for a collapsed lung.

Question 67

Carl Rowe is to have a sleep study at the local hospital.The study is performed with what technology?

A)Electroencephalogram
B)ECG
C)Polysomnography
D)A and C

Question 68

A successful spirometry effort is one in which the patient:

A)exhales slowly and continuously
B)blows into the mouthpiece as hard and as fast as possible
C)breathes normally into the machine for at least 5 minutes
D)inhales and exhales repeatedly into the mouthpiece

Question 69

Carcinoma of the larynx is almost always seen in patients with a history of:

A)smoking and chronic alcohol consumption
B)obesity and CHF
C)cancer of the lung
D)A and C

Question 70

If pus accumulates in the pleural space, the patient is diagnosed with __________.

Question 71

The correct position for a spirometry test is:

A)semi-Fowler's position on the exam table
B)upright with the chin tucked into the chest
C)upright with the chin slightly elevated and the neck extended
D)standing

Question 72

A surgical procedure that creates an opening in the throat for breathing is called a(n) __________.

Question 73

The signs and symptoms of sleep apnea include:

A)hypersomnia
B)dry mouth or sore throat in the morning
C)morning headache
D)all of the above

Question 74

A microorganism that is exceedingly pathogenic or deadly is said to be highly __________.

Question 75

Asbestosis typically is seen in individuals who worked for years in which of the following occupations?

A)Coal mining
B)Construction and insulation manufacturing
C)Sandblasting
D)All of the above

Question 76

You have a patient scheduled for a bronchoscopy procedure at the hospital next week.What instructions should you give the patient about preparing for the exam?

A)Do not brush your teeth in the morning before the procedure.
B)The procedure may interfere with breathing, but the physician will be there to help you.
C)Remain NPO for 4 to 8 hours before the test.
D)The procedure may be slightly uncomfortable, because sedation may interfere with your breathing.

Question 77

Inflammation of the membranes surrounding the lungs is called __________.

Question 78

Clubbing of the fingers in a patient with emphysema is caused by:

A)chronic tissue hypoxia
B)low blood glucose levels
C)complications from medications
D)CHF

Question 79

The medical term for a low level of oxygen in the blood is __________.

Question 80

A surgical procedure to repair or alter the shape of the nose is called a(n) __________.