Deck 47: Assisting in Cardiology

Question 1

One of the diagnostic factors for metabolic syndrome is excessive abdominal body fat.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

MI symptoms in women include acute chest pain.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

An indication that angina may be a sign of an impending MI is that the pain lasts longer than an hour.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Patients with DVT are treated immediately with anticoagulant therapy, which continues for 2 weeks after the onset of symptoms.

Question 5

Endocarditis can result in permanent damage to the mitral valve.

Question 6

Patients with an artificial heart valve may be prescribed lifelong antibiotic prophylaxis for invasive medical procedures.

Question 7

Decreased estrogen production is associated with a decreased risk of heart disease.

Question 8

The AV node sends the electrical charge that originated in the right atrium down through the bundle of His, which is located in the interventricular septum.

Question 9

Rheumatic heart disease develops because of an antigen-antibody reaction several weeks after an untreated staphylococcal infection.

Question 10

Thrombolytic treatment to dissolve the blockage in a coronary artery must be started within 3 hours of the onset of the cardiac event.

Question 11

Echocardiography is used in the diagnosis of incompetent cardiac valves.

Question 12

Male smokers are more likely to develop heart disease than female smokers.

Question 13

The most distal part of the electrical system of the heart is the Purkinje fibers.

Question 14

The circumflex branch is part of the right coronary artery.

Question 15

The cardinal symptom of myocardial ischemia is angina pectoris.

Question 16

A Doppler study uses a sonographic beam that picks up the speed of WBCs in the arteries tested.

Question 17

Obesity and hypertension increase the risk of DVT.

Question 18

CABG procedures involve the insertion of a flexible catheter into a blocked coronary artery and placement of a stent to maintain the patency of the artery.

Question 19

A bruit may be palpated over the site of an abdominal aneurysm.

Question 20

Essential hypertension is the result of an underlying pathologic condition in another body system.

Question 21

The most serious complication of a DVT in the saphenous vein is a PE.

Question 22

ACE inhibitors help protect patients against DVT.

Question 23

Prophylactic antibiotic therapy is recommended for all patients diagnosed with cardiac valvular disease.

Question 24

Rheumatic heart disease is associated with valvular stenosis.

Question 25

What happens as a result of a myocardial infarction?

A)The heartbeat becomes very irregular.
B)A major blood vessel bursts.
C)A portion of the heart muscle dies.
D)A major artery becomes blocked.

Question 26

In BP readings, the contraction phase of the heartbeat is called:

A)diastole
B)systole
C)tachycardia
D)pacemaker

Question 27

Which heart chamber receives oxygenated blood from the lungs?

A)Left atrium
B)Right atrium
C)Left ventricle
D)Right ventricle

Question 28

The _________ are the blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the heart.

A)pulmonary veins
B)pulmonary artery
C)superior vena cava
D)inferior vena cava

Question 29

A bruit noted during auscultation in the area of a blood vessel often is a sign of:

A)an aneurysm
B)an embolus
C)phlebitis
D)a thrombus

Question 30

Most patients who require a pacemaker have bradycardia.

Question 31

Orthostatic hypotension is assessed by taking the patient's BP while the person is standing and then immediately after the patient sits.

Question 32

Mevacor is an anticholesterol medication used to help prevent an MI.

Question 33

A patient experiencing tachycardia has:

A)a heart rate faster than normal
B)difficulty breathing when lying down
C)dizzy spells
D)an irregular heartbeat

Question 34

What is the principal sign of coronary artery disease?

A)Damaged heart valves
B)Inflammation of the blood vessels
C)Reduction of the blood supply to the myocardium
D)An irregular heartbeat

Question 35

Nitroglycerin SL tablets should be used immediately if a patient experiences angina.

Question 36

Varicose veins can occur because of an inherited defect in the valves of the saphenous veins.

Question 37

An important part of patient education for CHF is to encourage the patient to report any sudden weight gain.

Question 38

Patients taking diuretics may be prescribed a KCl supplement.

Question 39

Statin medications are used to treat atherosclerosis and prevent arterial disease.

Question 40

Troponin levels remain elevated for an extended period, which makes them more useful for diagnosing an MI that occurred up to 2 weeks earlier.

Question 41

An example of a calcium channel blocker is:

A)Cozaar
B)Lotensin
C)Cardizem
D)Tenormin

Question 42

Which is the most common route of administration for nitroglycerin?

A)Sublingual
B)Intradermal
C)Intramuscular
D)Intravenous
E)Subcutaneous

Question 43

The ______________ is the saclike membrane surrounding the heart.

A)endocardium
B)bundle of His
C)pericardium
D)sinoatrial node

Question 44

The blood vessel that carries deoxygenated blood to the heart is called the:

A)vena cava
B)pulmonary artery
C)carotid artery
D)renal artery

Question 45

In the conduction system of the heart, which of the following is responsible for collecting the electrical energy that stimulated the atria to contract?

A)Purkinje fibers
B)Bundle of His
C)Atrioventricular node
D)Sinoatrial node

Question 46

Drug therapy for hypertension should be prescribed for patients with diabetes mellitus who have a BP reading of:

A)120/80 mm Hg
B)116/72 mm Hg
C)140/90 mm Hg
D)136/78 mm Hg

Question 47

Which statement is true about CK levels in a patient with an MI?

A)The more severe the cardiac damage, the longer it takes for CK levels to peak.
B)Levels begin to increase almost immediately after myocardial damage.
C)CK levels return to normal within 18 hours.
D)CK levels are not predictive of the extent of cardiac damage.

Question 48

Thrombi form in the coronary arteries because of:

A)a complication of cardiovascular medication
B)an inherited factor
C)inflammation at the site of an atherosclerotic plaque
D)a DVT

Question 49

The signal from the AV node is picked up by which of the following?

A)Atrioventricular node
B)Aorta
C)Purkinje fibers
D)Bundle of His

Question 50

A 47- year-old patient with diabetes mellitus type 2 is suspected of having prehypertension.What BP reading would you expect in this patient?

A)118/78 mm Hg
B)122/86 mm Hg
C)138/90 mm Hg
D)142/86 mm Hg

Question 51

Women have different symptoms of heart disease because:

A)they ignore initial indicators of heart disease
B)women tend to develop an evenly spread layer of plaque
C)they experience localized plaque buildup
D)atheroma builds up in smaller vessels
E)B and D

Question 52

What is another name for a heart attack?

A)CVA
B)MI
C)MS
D)CHF

Question 53

Patients diagnosed with stage 1 hypertension are first prescribed a(n):

A)ACE inhibitor
B)beta blocker
C)low-dose aspirin each day
D)diuretic

Question 54

Which statement is true of cyanosis?

A)It is caused by hypoxia.
B)It causes a yellow discoloration of the skin.
C)It is associated with a hemangioma.
D)It is a form of atherosclerosis.

Question 55

Sensitive tissue in the right atrium wall that initiates the heartbeat is known as the:

A)tricuspid
B)atrioventricular node
C)bundle of His
D)sinoatrial node

Question 56

Which of the following is an anticoagulant?

A)Digoxin (Lanoxin)
B)Fluoxetine (Prozac)
C)Gemfibrozil (Lopid)
D)Triazolam (Halcion)
E)Warfarin (Coumadin)

Question 57

Which drug is used to teat congestive heart failure?

A)Digoxin (Lanoxin)
B)Fluoxetine (Prozac)
C)Gemfibrozil (Lopid)
D)Triazolam (Halcion)
E)Warfarin (Coumadin)

Question 58

The part of the conduction system of the heart that wraps around the outer walls of the ventricles is/are the:

A)bundle branches
B)Purkinje fibers
C)bundle of His
D)aorta

Question 59

The blood vessel branching from the heart that carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs is called the:

A)vena cava
B)pulmonary artery
C)carotid artery
D)renal artery

Question 60

Blood vessels branching from the aorta to carry oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle are called:

A)venae cavae
B)coronary arteries
C)carotid arteries
D)renal arteries

Question 61

A DVT typically is diagnosed by:

A)x-ray films that pick up calcification
B)Doppler studies that measure the rate of blood flow through a vessel
C)PT blood tests
D)troponin levels

Question 62

A patient who develops right-sided CHF because of COPD is diagnosed with __________.

Question 63

__________ causes pulmonary edema, dyspnea, orthopnea, and tachycardia.

Question 64

You are providing patient education on a transesophageal echocardiogram.What should you include?

A)The patient will be asleep during the procedure.
B)The procedure does not provide as clear a picture as a regular echocardiogram.
C)The patient will be hospitalized for the procedure.
D)The patient must swallow the sonogram device.

Question 65

A symptom of chronic peripheral vascular disease is __________.

Question 66

A(n) __________ may be a life-threatening problem because of the potential for embolus creation.

Question 67

What should the medical assistant do if she notes that a patient has an elevated BP?

A)Record the first reading for the physician to review.
B)Check the cuff size to make sure it matches the patient's arm.
C)Check the BP reading in both arms.
D)Wait 20 minutes and then recheck the reading.
E)Both B and C should be done.

Question 68

__________ is the part of the electrical conduction process during which the myocardium recovers from the contraction of the atria and ventricles.

Question 69

Patients with __________ must pay particular attention to a sudden weight gain.

Question 70

Chronic hypertension may result in left ventricular __________.

Question 71

Describe the typical symptoms of an MI in men and those in women.Include in your answer the typical signs and symptoms of an MI in both genders.

Question 72

Patients with __________ experience hardening of blood vessels, which results in ischemia and fibrotic changes in multiple tissues and organs.

Question 73

Which statement is true about a Doppler study?

A)It requires IV injection of a dye.
B)It picks up the speed of RBCs as they travel through the vessel.
C)It must be performed in a hospital.
D)All of the above are true.

Question 74

Contraction of the atria and ventricles is called __________.

Question 75

Patients with primary __________ may be asymptomatic until serious health problems occur.

Question 76

An inherited predisposition for developing aneurysms occurs in patients with __________.

Question 77

A patient calls the physician's office reporting signs and symptoms of a possible MI.Identify three signs and symptoms that require activation of EMS.

Question 78

You are responsible for reinforcing patient education on risk factors for the development of heart disease.Summarize at least five factors that can contribute to heart disease.Which of these can be attributed to lifestyle choices?

Question 79

__________that develop along the edges of the cardiac valves cause stenosis of the affected valves.

Question 80

Lifestyle changes recommended for patients who have had an MI include:

A)controlling hypertension
B)eating a low-fat, restricted-sodium diet
C)exercising five days a week
D)all of the above