Deck 1: Why Study Families and Other Close Relationships?

Question 1

With respect to marriage and family, the Chinese government:

A)is using propaganda to maintain traditional marriage and family structures.
B)encourages men to hold on to traditional culture but discourages women from doing so.
C)allows couples to marry freely to whom and when they want.
D)actively promotes the social belief that boy are more valuable than girls.
E)regulates the number of births a couple can have.

Answer 1

E

Question 2

How we define "family" is important for many reasons. Which is NOT one of the reasons?

A)Unmarried partners cannot file jointly on federal taxes.
B)Many employer health insurance plans do not cover unmarried partners.
C)Unmarried persons cannot collect Social Security benefits from their partner.
D)Unmarried persons cannot buy a house together.
E)A company may not offer bereavement leave to an unmarried partner.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Which is NOT an example of a macro-level factor in U.S. history that shaped families?

A)the elimination of patriarchy
B)immigration
C)industrialization
D)slavery
E)technological inventions, such as the automobile

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a universal function of families?

A)to reproduce and socialize children
B)to encourage economic cooperation
C)to regulate sexual behavior
D)to provide care, warmth, protection, and intimacy
E)to offer human agency

Question 5

You, your siblings, and your parents comprise your:

A)family of orientation.
B)fictive kin.
C)family of procreation.
D)domestic partners.
E)human agency.

Question 6

Angel's parents keep asking her when she and her husband Tomas are "going to have a family." What her parents probably mean is:

A)When are they going to have children?
B)When are they going to get registered as domestic partners?
C)When are they going to become fictive kin?
D)When will they become a family of orientation?
E)Are they ready for human agency?

Question 7

Clay is writing a paper for his class about the ways in which marriage is interconnected with the rest of society and with other social institutions. He argues that relationships are not isolated entities, but are interconnected with social, cultural, economic, and political forces. Which perspective is he using?

A)macro-level
B)secondary analysis
C)empirical
D)micro-level
E)symbolic interaction

Question 8

Which is NOT one of the themes of the textbook?

A)Families are different from one culture to another and therefore families have no real universal features or functions.
B)The best way to truly understand families is to link two perspectives on them: the micro- and macro-level perspectives.
C)Families are not monolithic or static, but instead are ever-changing.
D)Social science theory and research can help us understand families and close relationships.

Question 9

Which is TRUE about Colonial America?

A)Most people lived in extended families.
B)The companionate family model developed.
C)Families were large, with multiple children, often including children from multiple marriages.
D)Parents tended to be very lenient with their children by today's standards.
E)People married young, around age 16 for girls and 18 for boys.

Question 10

A _____________ is a major sphere of social life, with a set of beliefs and rules that are organized to meet basic human needs.

A)matrilineal
B)universal program
C)selective program
D)life-course
E)social institution

Question 11

The traditional pattern of wives taking their husband's last name upon marriage is an example of:

A)human agency.
B)matrilineal descent.
C)conflict theory.
D)patriarchy.
E)social exchange theory.

Question 12

You have a special older friend that you are very close to and call "Auntie Marge," even though she is not related to you. You invite her to many family functions and share traditions together. You feel that she would help you in a time of need. Marge is an example of a/an:

A)domestic partner.
B)fictive kin.
C)family of orientation.
D)symbolic interaction.
E)social institution.

Question 13

When people move from rural areas and farms to cities in search of jobs, this is called:

A)immigration.
B)urbanization.
C)companionate family.
D)industrialization.
E)nuclear.

Question 14

Which was a primary factor in the relative "weakness" of slave families in the U.S.?

A)Slaves never married.
B)Over 1/3 of slave marriages were ended when either the husband or wife was sold off.
C)Even when married, bonds of love were rare between slave partners.
D)Slaves brought over from Africa, a culture that valued the matrilineal line through mother and child without regard for the father.
E)Slaves preferred illicit relationships with slave owners as a means for increasing their status.

Question 15

Which of these social functions did European colonial families in America NOT take primary responsibility for?

A)education
B)business and economic production
C)correctional institutions
D)lawmaking
E)health and social welfare

Question 16

Which of the following is the best example of a "master status"?

A)eye color
B)race/ethnicity
C)mother's maiden name
D)number of siblings
E)birthplace

Question 17

A/an ____________ perspective focuses on individuals' interactions in specific settings.

A)focus group
B)experimental
C)micro-level
D)conflict
E)macro-level

Question 18

Which residence pattern is commonly practiced in the United States?

A)matrilineal
B)bilateral
C)neolocal
D)bilocal
E)mapalateral

Question 19

Relationships by blood, marriage, or affection, in which members may cooperate economically, may care for children, and may consider their identity to be intimately connected to the larger group, define a/an:

A)domestic partner.
B)fictive kin.
C)empirical approach.
D)family.
E)human agency.

Question 20

You are writing a term paper about the consequences of the current recession. Which of the following would you want to include in your paper?

A)The recession has caused social inequality to decline.
B)Our economy has been shifting away from service sector jobs toward lower paying manufacturing jobs.
C)Some states have increased the federal minimum wage because they believe it is too low.
D)More people are working non-standardized work schedules, which has a good outcome for families.
E)Unemployment hovers around 19 percent.

Question 21

Industrialization transformed the economy from a system based on small family farms to one of large urban industries.

Question 22

Jason is analyzing some data collected by the Census Bureau for his senior project. What type of research is he doing?

A)experiment
B)secondary analysis
C)survey
D)in-depth interview
E)focus group

Question 23

Which theoretical perspective emphasizes issues surrounding social inequality, power, and social change?

A)developmental theory
B)structural functionalist theory
C)conflict theory
D)micro theory
E)family systems theory

Question 24

Structural functionalist theory focuses on:

A)social interaction between family members and other groups and is concerned with the meanings and interpretations that people have.
B)gender as the central concept for explaining family structures and family dynamics.
C)collecting data that can be measured numerically.
D)the distinct stages of families and family members with their set of tasks, roles, and responsibilities.
E)a belief that all social institutions, including the family, exist to fill a need in society.

Question 25

"Domestic partners" are an unmarried couple, either heterosexual or homosexual, in a long-term committed relationship.

Question 26

A/an _______ answers questions through a systematic collection and analysis of data, including a description and a determination of cause and effect.

A)theory
B)bilateral
C)family systems theory
D)qualitative
E)empirical approach

Question 27

After the U.S. prohibited the importation of new slaves, some slaves were forced into relationships in order to breed new slaves.

Question 28

Adrian is a researcher studying attitudes and opinions people have about being childfree. She wants detailed and elaborate information from her research participants. Which method would be best to use?

A)in-depth interview
B)experiment
C)observation
D)secondary analysis
E)survey

Question 29

Macro theories represent a general framework that focuses on:

A)personal dynamics and face-to-face interaction.
B)the social interaction between family and members of other groups, and is concerned with the meanings and interpretations that people have.
C)the family into which you were born.
D)societal patterns.
E)cross-cultural patterns only.

Question 30

"Human agency" is the ability of human beings to create viable lives even when they are constrained or limited by social forces.

Question 31

One of the universal functions of marriage is to regulate sexual behavior.

Question 32

Data from the U.S. Census Bureau shows that fewer people are married today than in 1970. What might explain this trend?

A)Women are increasingly rejecting marriage, although men are not.
B)Men and women are delaying the age at which they marry.
C)Men are living longer.
D)Human agency is increasing.
E)Hispanics are less likely than other groups to marry.

Question 33

A "family of orientation" is the family you make through marriage, partnering, and/or parenthood.

Question 34

Which theory is an example of a micro theory?

A)structural functionalism
B)conflict
C)feminist
D)systems
E)focus group

Question 35

The Chinese government requires people who plan to marry to apply for permission and to register officially on a waiting list with the local government in order to keep traditional Chinese marital patterns intact.

Question 36

One theme of this text is that micro-level factors are more important than macro-level factors in understanding families.

Question 37

No known cases of true matriarchies have ever been recorded.

Question 38

What are the advantages and disadvantages of an experiment?

A)Advantage: Good for gathering information about issues that are not directly observed; Disadvantage: The data were collected for another purpose and therefore the researcher cannot control what variables were included.
B)Advantage: Good for exploratory and descriptive study in a natural setting; Disadvantage: Potential for a low response rate.
C)Advantage: Group interaction may produce more valuable insights than individual surveys; Disadvantage: Research must balance roles of participant and observer.
D)Advantage: Saves the expense and time of original data collection; Disadvantage: There are none.
E)Advantage: Provides greatest opportunity to assess cause and effect; Disadvantage: The setting may have an artificial quality about it.

Question 39

A number of changes in families have taken place over the past several decades, including:

A)both men and women are postponing the age of marriage.
B)the percentage of persons who have never married has declined significantly.
C)the divorce rate has increased.
D)blacks are the largest minority group in the United States.
E)the teenage birthrate has been increasing for the last two decades.

Question 40

The best way to understand why difficult family dynamics, such as domestic violence or child abuse, occur is to talk to a counselor or other individual who has seen the situation first-hand.

Question 41

The United States practices a ____________ descent pattern.

Question 42

Min is researching the health care needs of poor families in her community. She is collecting data using a series of focus groups, which will offer detailed narrative descriptions. In other words, she is using quantitative methods.

Question 43

Teenagers' attitudes toward marriage and family life have become significantly more negative over the past few decades.

Question 44

A theory is a general framework, explanation, or tool used to understand and describe the real world.

Question 45

Social exchange theory suggests that individuals are rational and their behavior reflects an evaluation of costs and benefits.

Question 46

__________ are relationships by blood, marriage, or affection, in which members may cooperate economically, may care for any child, and may consider their identity to be intimately connected to the larger group.

Question 47

List the six functions of marriage.

Question 48

The companionate family model that emerged in the 20th century is based on which four patterns?

Question 49

Family historians have shown that families were the cornerstone of colonial society. They were the primary social institution, taking over the functions of what other social institutions?

Question 50

List the various types of marriage patterns found in the world today.

Question 51

Why is China's sex ratio exceedingly imbalanced with 120 young boys for every 100 young girls?

Question 52

List the 7 main theories discussed in this chapter that are used in the study of families.

Question 53

Two people need to be _________ in order to have access to one another's Social Security benefits or pension.

Question 54

Is the family in a state of decline? Briefly, what are the main arguments of each side?

Question 55

List the six research methods discussed in your text.

Question 56

Which pattern of authority is common throughout the world?

Question 57

13: __________ focuses on data that can be measured numerically, as found in surveys or experiments, whereas _________ refers to a narrative description with words rather than numbers to analyze patterns and their underlying meanings.

Question 58

Using an ___________, or the systematic collection and analysis of data, researchers can describe aspects of family life, examine the factors that predict or are associated with these features, explain what might cause them or what they might affect, and examine the meanings and interpretations individuals or social groups have of these facets of family life.

Question 59

An experiment is a controlled method for determining cause and effect.

Question 60

A micro-level perspective on families tends to focus on __________, whereas a macro-level perspective focuses on __________.

Question 61

Compare and contrast macro-level forces impacting African American families at two different periods in American history.

Question 62

Compare and contrast a macro-level and micro-level perspective on families. Be sure to provide examples to illustrate your points.

Question 63

How has patriarchy changed in America over time? Use specific examples to support your argument.

Question 64

If you were to research a question about families, what would it be? Describe what research method(s)you would use to explore your question and why.

Question 65

Are Americans rejecting marriage and family relationships? Write an essay using the data summarizing Americans' attitudes and behaviors.