Deck 16: World War Ii: Western Civilization in the Balance

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT correct?

A) Hitler's goals were not a secret; they were published in Mein Kampf for all the world to read.
B) The policy of appeasement seemed to ignore developments in Germany, such as the growing persecution of the Jews and the establishment of concentration camps for political prisoners.
C) Appeasement emboldened Hitler.
D) Appeasement gave Germany time to rearm and the Nazi government to consolidate its support by the German population.
E) Appeasement made World War II avoidable.

Answer 1

E

Question 2

Popular reaction in Austria to the German Anschluss was

A) passive resistance.
B) the formation of guerrilla resistance groups.
C) the formation of organizations to protect the Jews.
D) enthusiastic demonstrations and attacks on Jews.
E) panic and dismay.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The main difference between Hitler's war aims and Germany's war aims in World War I was that Hitler desired

A) the conquest of much of Eastern Europe.
B) the defeat of France.
C) enslavement of the Polish population and colonization of their land.
D) making Germany into the dominant European power.
E) all of the above

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Hopeful signs of improved international relations in the 1920s included all the following EXCEPT

A) smooth functioning of the new League of Nations.
B) the 1921-22 Washington Naval Conference, which produced a ten-year moratorium on new naval battleship or heavy cruisers.
C) the 1925 Locarno Pact in which Germany guaranteed not to violate the borders of any of its neighbors.
D) the admission of Germany into the League of Nations in 1926.
E) the renunciation of war by most powers in the 1928 Kellogg-Briand Pact.

Question 5

Following Hitler's declaration of German withdrawal from the Treaty of Versailles,Britain

A) imposed economic sanctions on Germany.
B) signed a naval arms agreement with Germany.
C) blockaded the port of Wilhelmshaven.
D) encouraged the French to reoccupy the Rhineland but the French refused.
E) began to invest in Germany's armaments industry.

Question 6

The Treaty of Versailles included all of the following provisions EXCEPT it

A) limited the German army to one lakh volunteers.
B) forbid the production of tanks, military aircraft, and heavy artillery.
C) disbanded the general staff.
D) limited the size of Germany's navy.
E) allowed German rearmament after ten years of peace.

Question 7

Which of the following is the most accurate summary of the conflict over Czechoslovakia's Sudetenland?

A) The Sudetenland contained key industries and defenses but was ethnically German. Czech mistreatment of the German population led to its annexation by Germany.
B) The pro-Nazi German population agitated against the democratic Czechoslovak government. To avoid a war and against the wishes of the Czechs and Slovaks, France and Britain gave this integral part of Czechoslovakia to Germany.
C) The Sudetenland contained key industries and defenses but was ethnically German. The Czechs were willing, however, to cede the territory provided France and Britain would guarantee the territorial integrity of the rest of Czechoslovakia.
D) Claiming the German right to national self-determination, Hitler took over the Sudetenland peacefully as he had Austria. The new realities on the ground were made official at the Munich Conference.
E) Having powerful allies, strong fortifications, a well-equipped army, and a solid industrial base, the Czechs defended the Sudetenland even after France and Britain has given it to Germany.

Question 8

How did Hitler's occupation of the remaining Czech lands in March 1939 hasten the outbreak of World War II?

A) It was yet another instance of appeasement that indicated France and Britain were so fearful of a war that they would continue giving in to Hitler.
B) This time, the Czechs resisted, and the Second World War began.
C) Hitler's seizure of indisputably non-German territory totally discredited the policy of appeasement and left the French and the British determined not to acquiesce to Hitler again.
D) Seeing its own interest ultimately at stake, Poland aided Czech resistance, and the war began.
E) Only by annexing the Czech part of Czechoslovakia did Hitler believe Germany was strong enough to invade Poland.

Question 9

Which of the following statements about the Spanish Civil War is accurate?

A) the Fascists received little aid from Italy, andthe republicans got considerableaid from the American government.
B) France aided the Spanish Republic at the encouragement of French leftists.
C) Franco limited his reprisals after victory to about 200,000 executed or imprisoned.
D) Germany used the war to test new weapons and tactics.
E) It demonstrated France and Britain's determination to fight Fascism.

Question 10

Hitler failed to accomplish which of the following before September 1939?

A) withdrawal from the Treaty of Versailles in 1935
B) remilitarization of the Rhineland in 1936
C) anschluss with Austria in 1938
D) annexation of Czechoslovakia's Sudetenland in 1938
E) concessions from Poland regarding the Corridor and Danzig

Question 11

The story of the Anschluss does NOT include which of the following?

A) The Treaty of Versailles explicitly forbids an Anschluss.
B) The Austrian chancellor Kurt von Schuschnigg defended Austrian independence and resisted pressure from Austrian Nazis.
C) Schuschnigg resigned after France and Britain informed him that they would not help in the event of a German invasion.
D) Austrian Nazis took over the government, and German troops moved in on March 13, 1938.
E) The Austrians offered significant opposition to the invasion and the annexation.

Question 12

Which of the following sequences of events leading up to World War II is accurate?​

A) the establishment of Franco's dictatorship in Spain, Italy's invasion of Ethiopia, Anschluss, the formation of the Berlin-Rome Axis
B) Italy's invasion of Ethiopia, the formation of the Berlin-Rome Axis, Anschluss,the establishment of Franco's dictatorship in Spain
C) the formation of the Berlin-Rome Axis,the establishment of Franco's dictatorship in Spain,Anschluss,Italy's invasion of Ethiopia
D) Anschluss,the establishment of Franco's dictatorship in Spain, Italy's invasion of Ethiopia,the formation of the Berlin-Rome Axis
E) none of the above

Question 13

The high tide of appeasement is associated with

A) letting German troops move into the Rhineland.
B) permitting German reparations to be cancelled.
C) the union of Germany and Austria.
D) the treatment of Czechoslovakia at the Munich Conference.
E) non-intervention on the Spanish Civil War.

Question 14

Seeking security after World War I,France created a series of alliances in the 1920s with​

A) Britainand its imperial territories.
B) the United States.
C) the new states of Eastern Europe.
D) Italy and Spain.
E) the Soviet Union.

Question 15

The 1935-1936 invasion of Ethiopia by Italy resulted in all the following EXCEPT

A) revenge for Italy's defeat by the Ethiopians in 1896.
B) economic sanctions on Italy by the League of Nations.
C) American violation of economic sanctions against Italy.
D) strong diplomatic opposition from France and Britain.
E) saturation bombing, use of poison gas, and establishment of concentration camps in Ethiopia.

Question 16

Which of the statements concerning Hitler's goals is NOT accurate?

A) Hitler believed that waging a war against Russia would allow Germany to attain living space and security.
B) Western statesmen had considerable warning that Hitler was a threat to peace but failed to act on that knowledge.
C) Hitler thought that the people of Germany constituted a superior race.
D) World War I had no discernible impact on Hitler's ideas and policies.
E) Because Hitler believed that the Versailles treaty was an obstacle to his agenda, he abandoned it in the 1930s.

Question 17

All of the following explains why Hitler's gamble in remilitarizing the Rhineland worked EXCEPT

A) Britain found it to be reasonable.
B) Though alarmed, France did not act because it was not willing to act by itself.
C) France overestimated the size of the German force.
D) French public opinion had no enthusiasm for a clash with Germany.
E) Germany had already completed its rearmament and could repulse any attack by opponents.
​

Question 18

In support of its foreign policy,Nazi propaganda projected

A) the image of Germany as Europe's main defense against Communism.
B) the injustice of the Treaty of Versailles.
C) the dangers of a worldwide Jewish conspiracy.
D) an image of Germany attractive to Germans living outside the borders of the Reich.
E) all of the above

Question 19

What developments played in Germany's favor in the years leading up to ​World War II?

A) France adopted a mainly defensive posture with the building of the Maginot Line.
B) Britain and, subsequently, France adopted a policy of appeasement in the hopes of mellowing Hitler.
C) the United States seemed unconcerned with events in Europe.
D) Germany had secret agreements to train pilots and tank corpsmen in the Soviet Union.
E) all of the above

Question 20

In the face of German aggression toward Poland in 1939

A) Poland ceded the port of Danzig.
B) France indicated that it would not defend Poland.
C) Poland allowed Germany extraterritorial rights.
D) Britain sought to negotiate a peace between Germany and Poland.
E) Poland agreed to the creation of a German highway through the Polish Corridor.

Question 21

The text attributes the catastrophic French defeat in 1940 to

A) poor French generalship and a loss of will.
B) French and British material inferiority.
C) the sudden surrender of the Belgians, which opened huge gaps in the French line.
D) the work of Fascist fifth-columnists inside France.
E) all-around German superiority in men and equipment.

Question 22

Operation Barbarossa was postponed by five weeks because

A) there were unexpected production delays.
B) Germany decided to protect its flank in the Balkans.
C) negotiations with the Soviet Union were still in progress.
D) Stalin knew the original date of attack, March 15, 1941, and was prepared.
E) the new date June 21, 1941 was the eve of the first anniversary of France's capitulation.

Question 23

As the Germans sought to conquer France

A) they surprised the French by moving through Luxembourg and the Ardennes forest.
B) Hitler's decision to use tanks rather than the air force at Dunkirk was a mistake.
C) France benefited from having heavily fortified the western extension of the Maginot Line.
D) both the French and German armies exhibited a new tactic, in the form ofmotorized warfare.
E) they simultaneously began the Battle of Britain.

Question 24

Which of the following occurred during the six-month period following the outbreak of World War II in September 1939?​

A) The "phony war" took place.
B) Neville Chamberlain was reelected.
C) Germany faced its first significant resistance in Denmark.
D) The Dutch were able to hold off Hitler after they received key aid from Britain.​
E) all of the above

Question 25

In September 1939

A) the Luftwaffe did not play a key role in the attack on Poland, although tanks did.
B) Warsaw was largely left unscathed.​
C) Soviet troops did not invade Poland as the result of Stalin's pact with Hitler.​
D) Poland was defeated by the Nazi blitzkrieg.
E) all of the above

Question 26

As the SS ruthlessly attacked European Jews,they were motivated by

A) a belief they were defending the Volk.
B) a desire to destroy individualism, tolerance, and equality.
C) the mythical view that Jews were not really human beings.
D) a sense of correcting a past injustice.
E) all of the above

Question 27

I.G.Farben was a German industrial giant that

A) coldly used human beings for dangerous drug experiments.
B) efficiently supervised the railroad traffic leading to death camps.
C) produced crematoriums without questioning their purpose.
D) emerged from bankruptcy by manufacturing uniforms for prisoners.
E) supplied the pencils used throughout the German bureaucracy.

Question 28

The Vichy government of France led by Marshall Pétain,a war hero from World WarI

A) had no real domestic support base.
B) was dominated by Communists.
C) had the support of many French who were anti-democratic, anti-Marxist, and anti-Semitic.
D) relied largely on support in the city of Paris.
E) did not actively cooperate with the Nazis.

Question 29

Sophie Scholl was

A) a filmmaker who celebrated the Nazi regime.
B) a Soviet "patriot" who saw extended military action against the Germans.
C) a Polish Jew whose plight helped to raise awareness of Nazi extermination policies.
D) a member of the White Rose at the University of Munich.
E) a scientist who conducted medical experiments on Soviet prisoners of war.

Question 30

In regards to Nazi racial policies during the war,Germans

A) in the army were quite devoted to their realization.
B) deliberately starved to death over 3 million captive Soviet soldiers.
C) attempted to reduce entire populations to servants.
D) treated the "subhuman" Slav (Poles, Russians, etc.) with particular brutality.
E) all of the above

Question 31

The Germans attacked Greece in 1941

A) because the Greeks had recently overthrown Prince Paul, who was a German ally.
B) to communicate Hitler's final break with Mussolini, who had already invaded Greece.​
C) to safeguard vital Romanian oil fields, which were vital to the German war effort.
D) and were successfully repelled by the British.
E) all of the above

Question 32

The Nazis used which of the following as part of the Final Solution?

A) special mobile mass murder squads called Einsatzgruppen
B) rounding up Jews into ghettos where many starved to death
C) gassing at extermination camps
D) working people to death at work camps
E) all of the above

Question 33

Included among the actions undertaken by the Soviets to repel the Germans was

A) the recruitment of hundreds of thousands of women for military action.
B) a Soviet propaganda campaign that promoted the defend of the motherland as a great "patriotic war."​
C) the movement of industrial facilities from vulnerable areas to locations beyond the range of the Luftwaffe.​
D) the merciless treatment of Russian deserters.​
E) all of the above

Question 34

The signing of a nonaggression pact between which states preceded,by one week,the outbreak of hostilities on September 1,1939?

A) Germany and the Soviet Union
B) Germany and Poland
C) France, Britain, and the Soviet Union
D) Britain and Germany
E) Germany and Italy

Question 35

The text includes commentary from Rudolf Höss,the commandant of Auschwitz,who recorded all of the following observations EXCEPT

A) the selection of those unfit for work but fit for death.
B) the ruse of delousing.
C) occasional signs of compassion by those sending the prisoners to their deaths.
D) the futile attempts of mothers to hide their children.
E) riots that stemmed from the victims' realization of their impending deaths.

Question 36

Amidst the Nazi crimes of World War II,the Holocaust was unique because it

A) was based on racial doctrines and Social Darwinism.
B) produced tremendous suffering.
C) was done with impunity, in a business-like manner.
D) aimed at killing every last member of a given people.
E) aimed at creating a more racially pure Europe.

Question 37

In the New Order,that is,occupied Europe,the

A) Germans took for their own use whatever was of value.
B) Germans forced 7 million people from occupied territories to work as slave labor in Germany.
C) Germans used Czech weapons, Romanian oil, and Soviet grain.
D) entire economy of occupied Europe was reorganized to benefit the new Germany.
E) all of the above

Question 38

British and French soldiers escaped from the Continent in 1940 through evacuation by sea at

A) Boulogne.
B) Dunkirk.
C) Le Havre.
D) Calais.
E) Ostende.

Question 39

The text attributes Germany's loss in the Battle of Britain to

A) British radar.
B) the unwillingness of Germans to sacrifice more resources.
C) the skill of the British pilots.
D) the ability of British industry to rapidly replace lost aircraft.
E) all of the above

Question 40

Particularly common among those who conducted the Final Solution was

A) the disproportionate number of previously jailed or institutionalized sociopaths.
B) the difficulty in finding people willing to participate.
C) their short tenure at the job; many burned out very quickly.
D) the very businesslike performance of the job and subsequent lack of any guilt or regrets.
E) the large number of suicides among this group after the war.

Question 41

According to the report from the U.S.War Department,how did officers manage to get their soldiers to advance on Omaha Beach? ​

A) Officers bullied their men into action.
B) Officers improvised assault methods to meet circumstances rather than sticking to rehearsed tactics.
C) Officers provided much-needed leadership when they found disorganized units.
D) Officers served as inspiration, undertaking brave and dangerous actions to rally the troops.
E) all of the above

Question 42

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Sudetenland

Question 43

The human cost of World War IIincluded all the following EXCEPT

A) at least 50 million killed.
B) imprisonment or execution of 80 percent of the 2 million Soviet citizens forced to return to the USSR by the American and the British.
C) millions of East Europeans displaced by Soviet annexation at the end of the war.
D) 12-13 million Germans driven from Eastern Europe.
E) massive forced migrations within Western Europe.

Question 44

The war in the Pacific included all the following EXCEPT

A) the Japanese attempt to secure raw materials and markets by creating an empire stretching to Burma and Polynesia.
B) the major Japanese success at Pearl Harbor, loss of initiative at Midway, and surrender after two nuclear attacks.
C) the successful Chinese defense of its major ports.
D) extremely tenacious Japanese defense of its possessions.
E) a major debate about the American decision to use the atom bomb against the civilian population of a nearly defeated foe.

Question 45

Resistance movements against the Nazis included all the following EXCEPT

A) the Yugoslav partisans led by Tito in the liberation of much of their country.
B) the large Polish Resistance, which attempted to liberate Warsaw in a mass uprising.
C) a well-developed German resistance that increasingly paralyzed the German bureaucracy.
D) the resistance of the Jewish Ghetto in Warsaw, which held the Germans off for several weeks.
E) a French resistance that interfered with German reinforcements during the Normandy invasion.

Question 46

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Anschluss

Question 47

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Locarno Pact

Question 48

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
blitzkreig

Question 49

World War IIbrought unanticipated consequences such as

A) intense national passions giving way to increasing Western European unity.
B) massive material destruction quickly being replaced by prosperity.
C) the explosion of totalitarianism and militarism actually demonstrating the resilience of democracy.
D) the consequences of irrationalism leading to a continued skepticism of reason.
E) all of the above

Question 50

An unsuccessful attempt to assassinate Hitler in July 1944 was carried out by

A) General Charles de Gaulle.
B) Colonel Claus von Stauffenberg.
C) Marshal Hermann Göring.
D) Marshal Henri Philippe Pétain.
E) none of the above

Question 51

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
the Axis

Question 52

According to the text "the most important single victory of the war...at which the initiative passed to the Soviet side" was the Battle of

A) Stalingrad.
B) Leningrad.
C) Moscow.
D) Kursk.
E) Velikiye Luki.

Question 53

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Manchukuo

Question 54

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Maginot Line

Question 55

The resistance of which country smuggled almost all oftheir​Jewish population (approximately 8,000)to safety?

A) France
B) Denmark
C) Belgium
D) Slovakia
E) Hungary

Question 56

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
New Order

Question 57

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
resistance

Question 58

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Kellogg-Briand Pact

Question 59

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
appeasement

Question 60

The Holocaust resulted in the deaths of what proportion of the Jewish population of Europe?

A) one-fifth
B) one-third
C) one-half
D) two-thirds
E) three-quarters

Question 61

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Stalingrad

Question 62

Instructions: Please use this outline map of the world to answer the question(s).

Where did resistance movements form in occupied Europe,and what tactics did they employ? Which were most successful?

Question 63

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Einsatzgruppen

Question 64

Instructions: Please use this outline map of the world to answer the question(s).

There were significant signs of instability in continental Europe during the 1930s.What were some of these signs?

Question 65

Instructions: Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).


-Locate and label the site of the following military engagements: Warsaw,Dunkirk,the London blitz,Leningrad,Moscow,Stalingrad,and Normandy.

Question 66

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Holocaust

Question 67

Instructions: Please use this outline map of the world to answer the question(s).

Explain how both psychological "traits" and the strength of ideological beliefs contributed to the ease with which the "Final Solution" was implemented in Nazi Germany.

Question 68

Instructions: Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

Locate and label four Fascist states as of 1939.Locate and label the only functioning democracy in Central and Eastern Europe in Spring 1938.

Question 69

Instructions: Please use this outline map of the world to answer the question(s).

What were the primary reasons for Hitler's string of successes early in the war?

Question 70

Instructions: Please use this outline map of the world to answer the question(s).

Explain the efforts undertaken in the 1920s to prevent a future war and why those efforts failed to avert World War II.

Question 71

Instructions: Please use this outline map of the world to answer the question(s).

To what degree was World War II a product of World War I and its settlement? To what degree was it also shaped by older resentments and newer political realities?

Question 72

Instructions: Please use this outline map of the world to answer the question(s).

Explain the meaning of self-determination,and explain how Hitler used it.

Question 73

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
xenophobic nationalism

Question 74

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
D-Day

Question 75

Instructions: Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).


-Locate and label the Maginot Line,the Rhineland,the Anschluss,the Sudetenland,Danzig,and the Polish Corridor.

Question 76

Instructions: Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

Use arrows to indicate the German invasion of Poland,the Soviet invasion of Poland,the invasion of Denmark and Norway,and the invasion of France.Label each.

Question 77

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Hiroshima

Question 78

Instructions: Please use this outline map of the world to answer the question(s).

Explain the basic foreign policy views of Britain,France,and the United States toward Germany in the 1920s.

Question 79

Instructions: Please use this outline map of the world to answer the question(s).

Indicate the Japanese Empire at its height,and use arrows to indicate Allied advances.Locate and label all of the territories controlled by the Axis powers at their height.

Question 80

Instructions: Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).


-Indicate the furthest advance of the Soviet Union in 1945 andthe furthest advance of the United States and Western Allies in 1945.Locate and labelthe country that effectively liberated itself from German occupation.