Deck 8: Motivation, Leadership, and Teamwork

Question 1

Bert owns a company that provides institutional cleaning services.He likes things done to his exact standards and does not tolerate any other methods.According to McClelland's "three needs" theory,Bert's dominant need is ________.

A) achievement
B) safety
C) power
D) affiliation
E) esteem

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The need for affiliation in McClelland's "three-needs" theory most closely resembles which need in Maslow's hierarchy?

A) safety
B) belonging
C) self-actualization
D) esteem
E) physiological

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The Q12 has identified Miranda as an actively disengaged employee.Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A) Miranda does not hinder others' work.
B) Miranda is indifferent to the company.
C) Miranda adds to the success of the company.
D) Miranda combats the efforts of engaged employees.
E) MIranda makes little contribution to the company.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Martin was named "Employee of the Month" for his outstanding customer service.According to Maslow,this award may help satisfy Martin's need for ________.

A) esteem
B) belonging
C) self-actualization
D) safety
E) physiological

Question 5

Antonio owns a small auto body shop.He is concerned with apathy among his employees and decides to add some extrinsic motivators in hopes of increasing performance.Which of the following is NOT an extrinsic motivator Antonio may try?

A) increased pay for specific work
B) promotional opportunities within the company
C) an "employee of the month" program
D) offering work employees may find more satisfying
E) public praise of good performance in front of coworkers

Question 6

Anna,a psychology major,has decided to specialize in the study of how to create a workplace that fosters motivation and productivity among employees.This is known as ________ psychology.

A) social
B) organizational
C) developmental
D) personal
E) group

Question 7

The Q12 identified Sarah as an employee who is not engaged.Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A) Sarah feels obligated to the company.
B) Sarah makes little contribution to the company.
C) Sarah works in a disruptive manner.
D) Sarah combats the efforts of engaged workers.
E) Sarah is unhappy with the company.

Question 8

Luis works as a marketing manager for a consumer products company.He feels strongly about the product lines he manages and is dedicated to the company's mission and ideals.Luis' product lines are among the best sellers in the company.According to the Q12,Luis is classified as ________.

A) engaged
B) not engaged
C) actively disengaged
D) moderately disengaged
E) unengaging

Question 9

Eric's new job really interests him.He finds himself completely immersed in his work and so focused that the tasks seem effortless.What term describes this state of rapt attention?

A) flow
B) expectancy
C) resonance
D) valence
E) disengagement

Question 10

Regina enjoys her work and feels her salary and benefits are excellent.Unfortunately,Regina shares an office with a coworker she finds extremely difficult.Regina finds herself dreading heading off to work each morning.According to Herzberg,________.

A) Regina will take her hygiene factors for granted and not be motivated to make any changes in her work environment
B) Regina will be motivated to improve her hygiene factors and seek a way to work in a more positive environment
C) Regina will focus her efforts on motivator factors and seek recognition for what she accomplishes in her difficult environment
D) Regina will focus her efforts on motivator factors and seek to improve her sense of responsibility
E) Regina will not be aware of her hygiene factors and continue to appreciate the positive aspects of her work situation.

Question 11

Emi has worked as a computer programmer for the same company for five years.She is actively looking for another job and spends a great deal of her work day scanning want ads,making phone calls,and chatting with her coworkers.She completes none of her work tasks and is secretly pleased to negatively affect the company with whom she is employed.According to the Q12,Emi is classified as ________.

A) engaged
B) not engaged
C) actively disengaged
D) highly engaged
E) unengaging

Question 12

In Maslow's hierarchy,the need for water,food,and sleep are classified as ________.

A) self-actualization needs
B) safety needs
C) belonging needs
D) physiological needs
E) esteem needs

Question 13

After accepting a new job and moving to a new city,Tania felt isolated and unhappy.After a few months,she became friends with some of her coworkers and joined a book club.According to Maslow,Tania fulfilled her need for ________.

A) safety
B) belonging
C) self-actualization
D) physiological
E) esteem

Question 14

According to Maslow,which need are people striving to satisfy when they seek to maximize their own potential?

A) esteem
B) physiological
C) self-actualization
D) safety
E) belonging

Question 15

According to Maslow,which need are people striving to satisfy when they seek stable places to live and work?

A) belonging
B) esteem
C) physiological
D) safety
E) self-actualization

Question 16

Which of the following best defines McClelland's need for achievement?

A) It is the need to accomplish something difficult on one's own.
B) It is the need to form close relationships with others.
C) It is the need to be able to control the behavior of others.
D) It is the need to establish safe and stable places to live and work.
E) It is the need to receive attention and recognition from others.

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a hygiene factor according to Herzberg?

A) safe working environment
B) promotion opportunities
C) proper pay
D) positive relationships
E) appropriate benefits

Question 18

Ken owns a food services company and recently negotiated a contract with a new restaurant chain.The satisfaction Ken feels for this success is a(n)________.

A) intrinsic motivator
B) extrinsic motivator
C) resonance motivator
D) virtual motivator
E) belonging motivator

Question 19

Which of the following is the BEST example of an employee in a flow state?

A) Gloria finds her job tasks more challenging than she expected, which often leads to her frustration.
B) Pedro finds his job tasks much simpler than he expected, which sometimes leads to boredom.
C) Diana feels in control of her job situation, which often leads to her producing her best work.
D) Yuki feels her job is adequately challenging but does not make the best use of her skills.
E) Don finishes his assignments quickly, as they are not challenging enough to require much effort.

Question 20

Andre had a difficult time finding a job after college.Eventually he found work selling office equipment,which did not interest him much.Andre's sales are low and so is his motivation to do more for the company for which he works.According to the Q12,Andre is classified as ________.

A) engaged
B) not engaged
C) actively disengaged
D) highly engaged
E) unengaging

Question 21

Doug runs a lawn care company.He believes his employees are motivated to do a good job for the customer without his having to constantly involve himself in their work.He does do some spot checks,but mainly to show his support for his employees.He knows his employees will go the extra mile for the customer and treat lawn problems they notice along the way.Doug's management style can be classified as ________.

A) Theory X
B) Theory Y
C) Theory Z
D) expectancy theory
E) strength-based management

Question 22

Christina supervises a group of employees at a company that just went through a downsizing.Many other supervisors are no longer with the company and their employees have been assigned to Christina.Her group has doubled in size and there are some hard feelings among the employees.Christina decides to hold group breakfast meetings once a week to connect people to one another and to boost morale.She is an empathetic leader who listens to her employees and helps solve conflicts.Which of the following best describes Christina's leadership style?

A) visionary
B) autocratic
C) pacesetting
D) affiliative
E) democratic

Question 23

Karen is an accountant for a large construction company.Her supervisor decides to reward Karen's excellent performance with a one-time bonus.To Karen,this could be a(n)________.

A) intrinsic motivator
B) extrinsic motivator
C) resonance motivator
D) virtual motivator
E) self-actualization motivator

Question 24

Juan is frustrated with his job of five years.He feels like nothing he does has any effect on the company's success or failure.He believes that his personal successes probably will not benefit him and,if there is any benefit,it will be very small.According to Vroom,Juan has ________.

A) high motivation
B) low motivation
C) nonexistent motivation
D) extreme motivation
E) no valence

Question 25

Natalia is a new employee in the sales department.Her early results are so tremendous that the regional sales manager sent an e-mail to the sales department praising Natalia's work.To Natalia,this could be a(n)________.

A) intrinsic motivator
B) extrinsic motivator
C) resonance motivator
D) virtual motivator
E) self-actualization motivator

Question 26

For her psychology project,Melissa has decided to study the production levels of cooks at a local fast food restaurant.She expects the cooks in her study group to outperform the cooks in her control group because of ________.

A) the Hawthorne effect
B) the Taylor effect
C) intrinsic motivators
D) extrinsic motivators
E) expectancy theory

Question 27

According to the Hawthorne effect,________.

A) workers will be more productive when the physical influences on the workplace suit them
B) workers will be more productive when the psychological influences on the workplace suit them
C) workers will be more productive when they know they are being studied
D) workers will be less productive when they know they are being studied
E) workers' productivity is not influenced by whether or not they are being studied

Question 28

In which type of business would you most likely find a Theory X style of management?

A) District Attorney's office
B) social think tank
C) mass manufacturing company
D) long-term care hospital
E) public relations firm

Question 29

According to Vroom's model,which psychological force answers the question,"How great a reward will there be if my performance is exemplary?"

A) expectancy
B) instrumentality
C) valence
D) resonance
E) enthusiasm

Question 30

Barbara is a high school teacher and just completed her master's degree in education.Her department head rewards her with an increase in salary.To Barbara,this could be a(n)________.

A) intrinsic motivator
B) extrinsic motivator
C) resonance motivator
D) virtual motivator
E) self-actualization motivator

Question 31

Anna,a psychology major,studied the history of her favorite subject.She learned that in the early 1900s,________ psychology was created to understand scientifically how to manage employees and work optimally.

A) social
B) developmental
C) organizational
D) industrial
E) group

Question 32

Jeffrey runs a small magazine,which has always been printed and mailed to subscribers.Jeffrey has dreamed of creating a way to provide customers with an inexpensive,portable,electronic resource for reading magazines.To inspire his employees and move them toward sharing in his dream,he holds small group meetings to explain how their efforts can contribute to his goals.Which of the following best describes Jeffrey's leadership style?

A) visionary
B) democratic
C) autocratic
D) affiliative
E) laissez-faire

Question 33

According to Vroom's model,instrumentality answers which of the following questions?

A) Does my working harder lead to a positive outcome for myself?
B) How good will I feel if I can accomplish this task?
C) How good will my reward be for my noteworthy performance level?
D) How serious a punishment do I expect if I do not perform well?
E) Does my working harder not make a difference?

Question 34

Which statement about Theory Z is FALSE?

A) It is based on a Japanese management style.
B) It relies on collaborative decision making.
C) It often creates high productivity.
D) It often creates high turnover.
E) It often creates high morale in the workplace.

Question 35

Eva runs a housecleaning business.She provides each employee with a written set of step-by-step instructions for how to use each cleaner and how to clean every aspect of a client's home.Eva routinely drops in unannounced to make sure her employees are doing as they're told.Eva knows her employees seek only the security of a job with a paycheck and do not care about the quality of the work they produce.Eva's management style can be classified as ________.

A) Theory X
B) Theory Y
C) Theory Z
D) expectancy theory
E) strength-based management

Question 36

Timothy is president of a large company.He is known for being an excellent listener and collaborator.He believes that the working environment would improve if employees were organized into cross-functional work teams instead of functional departments.In order to build a consensus for this new environment,Timothy asks for employee input and participation.Which of the following best describes Timothy's leadership style?

A) visionary
B) democratic
C) laissez-faire
D) affiliative
E) autocratic

Question 37

Which statement about a Theory Y management style is FALSE?

A) People see work as a natural part of life.
B) Managers allow employees to create their own motivation.
C) People mainly want security in their jobs.
D) People will inherently seek responsibility.
E) People mainly seek intellectual stimulation in their work.

Question 38

Donald was just assigned supervisory responsibilities for two problem employees.Donald tends to use tight controls and closely monitors employees' work.He believes threats are the best motivation tool out there.Which of the following best describes Donald's leadership style?

A) visionary
B) democratic
C) autocratic
D) affiliative
E) laissez-faire

Question 39

InfoTech offers its employees long-term employment with a focus on individual responsibility.As a result,its workers are loyal to the organization,are highly productive,and have strong morale.The management style InfoTech most likely is applying is ________.

A) Theory X
B) Theory Y
C) Theory Z
D) expectancy theory
E) strength-based management

Question 40

William was a factory worker in the 1920s.His company trained him in the exact sequence of steps he needed to make each day so that he would work to maximum productivity.William's company was using the principles of ________.

A) uncertainty management
B) management by objectives
C) Theory Z management
D) scientific management
E) strength-based management

Question 41

According to Maslow,esteem needs are satisfied by establishing safe and stable places to work.

Question 42

According to McClelland's "three needs" theory,when an individual has multiple needs,one need tends to dominate the others.

Question 43

The vice president at Steve's company recently assigned him a very challenging project.Steve successfully completed it on time and within budget.The feeling of satisfaction he has for this job well done is an extrinsic motivator for Steve.

Question 44

Companies who use the Theory Z management style model tend to see high turnover and low morale in the workforce.

Question 45

Monica enjoys her job and her coworkers.She feels her work environment is safe and her salary is a good one.Her benefits,though,are inadequate for her family's situation.According to Herzberg,Monica will not be motivated by the hygiene factors she experiences because she takes them for granted.

Question 46

Ross's work team is made up of various members of the art department who have all worked together for many years.They like that they work in synch and rarely have to explain things to each other because they are so much alike.A threat to Ross' work team is narrow-mindedness caused by ________.

A) groupthink
B) group flow
C) virtual think
D) virtual flow
E) the Hawthorne effect

Question 47

GlobeTrekkers,Inc.has employees all over the world.Employees have face-to-face meetings on occasion,but they communicate with each other mostly via conference call,e-mail,and webcasts.These employees ________.

A) form a virtual team
B) achieve group flow
C) suffer from groupthink
D) do not have resonance
E) are a cross-functional team

Question 48

Laurie is an independent thinker and enjoys change.She also values her family life over her work life.Laurie is most likely from which generation?

A) Silent
B) Boomer
C) Gen-X
D) Millennial
E) Lost

Question 49

Brenda is a clerk at a greeting card store.She finds the work so simple that she finishes her duties quickly and uses the extra time in her work day to complete personal tasks.Brenda is in a flow state.

Question 50

Sandra is an office manager.She believes her employees are unmotivated and cannot adequately complete the simplest tasks without written,step-by-step instructions from her.She knows that if she leaves the office for even the shortest amount of time,her employees will goof off and accomplish nothing.Sandra most likely operates under the management style model,Theory X.

Question 51

Rosa has a challenging job at a company that she respects.Her only regret is that her supervisor does not seem to appreciate her accomplishments and work ethic.According to Maslow,Rosa will strive to satisfy her esteem needs before addressing her self-actualization needs.

Question 52

Maxwell is a freshman in college and believes in his self-worth and value.He has high expectations for his achievement in his eventual career.Maxwell spends a good deal of money each month,often making "copurchases" with his parents.Maxwell is most likely from which generation?

A) Silent
B) Boomer
C) Gen-X
D) Millennial
E) The Greatest

Question 53

Which of the following is NOT part of Stephen Covey's Seven Habits model?

A) Begin with the end in mind and stay focused on the ultimate goal.
B) Be reactive to the environment as often as possible.
C) Think about win-win solutions so all parties are content.
D) Synergize and think about creative cooperation.
E) Seek first to understand and then to be understood.

Question 54

Mario works as an accountant for a large firm.He frequently sends e-mail messages to coworkers that contain jokes about disgruntled employees and their difficult bosses.He interrupts meetings with random complaints about the company and often tries to coax fellow accountants to join him for long lunches.According to the Q12,Mario is an "actively disengaged" employee.

Question 55

Yoshi is charged with the task of forming a high-functioning work team.To accomplish this task,he must consider all of the following EXCEPT ________.

A) whether the team should be large or small
B) the time frame in which a team will work
C) how other teams in his company were created
D) whether the team is being created formally or informally
E) whether the team will be required to provide updates and progress reports

Question 56

Both extrinsic motivators and intrinsic motivators are within a manager's control.

Question 57

Chris owns a small grocery store.He notices that his employees seem unmotivated to work harder during peak times in his business.Chris increases the number of bonuses each employee may earn during those seasons.Chris is assuming his employees are motivated intrinsically.

Question 58

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a good team setting for group flow?

A) use of round tables and notepads
B) displays of informational charts, graphs, and summaries
C) focus on the product's target market
D) use of prototypes and visualization techniques
E) ability to move around while working

Question 59

The Q12 classifies employees who work with passion and add to the success of the company as "engaged."

Question 60

Organizational psychology is the study of how to create a workplace that fosters motivation and productivity among employees.

Question 61

Frederick Taylor encouraged managers to use scientific study to determine the best methods to complete tasks and then train their employees in these methods.

Question 62

Define the concept of flow.

Question 63

Georgia was just promoted to manager at a carpet cleaning company.She decides she would like to apply the Theory X management style to her job.How does Georgia view her employees?

Question 64

Denise is working on a project for her psychology class and has decided to replicate,on a small scale,Elton Mayo's work.If her results match his,then the production outputs will fall.

Question 65

The most important aspect of Stephen Covey's Seven Habits model is thinking in terms of win-win because most achievements are based on cooperative efforts.

Question 66

Programs that identify employees' talents and skills and then support efforts to further develop them are called strength-based management systems.

Question 67

Erica just received the "Salesperson of the Year" award for her outstanding work last year.Erica now feels motivated to beat these numbers next year.Is Erica responding to extrinsic or intrinsic motivators? How do you know?

Question 68

Effective leaders do not challenge accepted beliefs so that their leadership is not put into question.

Question 69

Hector manages a locally owned bakery.He believes his employees are motivated to do a good job for the customer without his having to constantly involve himself in their work.Which of McGregor's motivational models is Hector employing? How do you know?

Question 70

Amelia manages a group of administrative assistants.For them to create their best work,she would like to increase their motivation levels and foster an atmosphere of flow.What kinds of things can Amelia do?

Question 71

Dominic works in a consumer products firm.He has a safe working environment,an excellent salary,good benefits,and friendly coworkers.Dominic has recently applied for another position in another department.According to Herzberg,what is most likely motivating Dominic's interest in the other job?

Question 72

Teresa likes her job and believes that the tasks she completes each day actually make a difference to the success of her company.She thinks there's always a good chance she'll be rewarded in some way for her work,perhaps even with a very large raise.According to Vroom's model,Teresa's motivation is high.

Question 73

Celia recently received a promotion and relishes the idea of a whole new job with many difficult tasks to perform.Celia loves the feeling of accomplishment that comes from successfully completing challenging work.According to McClelland,what need is Celia attempting to satisfy? What are the other needs in McClelland's theory?

Question 74

Felix just renegotiated a contract with his largest vendor.He feels a great deal of satisfaction for his success and is now reviewing other contracts.Is Felix responding to extrinsic or intrinsic motivators? How do you know?

Question 75

Bernie is working as many overtime hours as he can to cover the down payment on his family's new house.According to Maslow,what needs are motivating Bernie to work extra hours?

Question 76

Gen-Xers are the focus of most marketing efforts because they are the biggest spenders in history.

Question 77

The Motorola team that developed the Razr cell phone was a good,working team because they agreed on the objectives at hand and on the best approach to solve the problem.In management terms,this phenomenon is called groupthink.

Question 78

Strong leadership often comes at the expense of others.

Question 79

Global Tech,Inc.has employees all over the world.Employees have face-to-face meetings on occasion,but they mostly communicate with each other via conference call,e-mail,and webcasts.These employees form a virtual team.

Question 80

Describe in detail the Theory Z management style.