Deck 2: The History of Public Health and Public and Community Health Nursing

Question 1

A nurse is considering joining the American Public Health Association (APHA).What information about this organization should be considered when making this decision?

A) APHA focuses on the public health concerns of the medical profession.
B) APHA represents concerns of nursing specialty practices.
C) APHA provides a national forum for nurses to discuss their public health concerns.
D) APHA focuses on providing health promotion education to the public.

Answer 1

APHA provides a national forum for nurses to discuss their public health concerns.

Question 2

Why did American citizens become interested in establishing government-sponsored boards of health?

A) They were afraid of infectious diseases such as yellow fever.
B) The government could force the poverty-stricken to accept care.
C) Such boards could tax and thereby ensure adequate funds to pay for care.
D) Such a system would allow for accurate records of births and deaths.

Answer 2

They were afraid of infectious diseases such as yellow fever.

Question 3

A public health nurse is determining what type of programming should be developed for the community.Which of the following is the most crucial factor that will influence program development?

A) Comprehensive assessment and planning done in the community
B) Documented needs of the local community
C) Federal funding for priority diseases or groups
D) Nursing staff's expertise and skills

Answer 3

Federal funding for priority diseases or groups

Question 4

A nurse is reviewing the original work of the National Organization for Public Health Nursing.Which of the following accomplishments of today was started within this organization?

A) Requiring that public health nurses have a baccalaureate degree in nursing
B) Standardizing public health nursing education
C) Developing public health nursing competencies
D) Opening the Henry Street Settlement

Question 5

A public health nurse is involved in health care reform.Which of the following best explains why the nurse is involved in these efforts?

A) To promote the nursing profession
B) To increase funding for public health nursing
C) To address the concerns of nurses
D) To help improve health care access

Question 6

The Elizabethan Poor Law of 1601 is similar to which current law?

A) Welfare
B) Food stamps
C) Medicaid
D) Medicare

Question 7

A nurse working with Mary Breckinridge would have likely assisted with:

A) establishing the Henry Street Settlement.
B) developing health programs geared toward improving the health care of the rural populations.
C) blazing a nursing trail through the Rockies, providing nursing care to miners and their families.
D) ensuring positive outcomes for pregnancies among women in the Appalachian region.

Question 8

A nurse was employed by the Marine Hospital Service in 1800.Which of the following interventions would the nurse most likely have completed?

A) Setting policy on quarantine legislation for immigrants
B) Establishing hospital-based programs to care for the sick at home
C) Identifying and improving environmental conditions
D) Providing health care for merchant seamen

Question 9

A colonist is working in the public health sector in early colonial America.Which of the following activities would have likely been completed?

A) Establishing schools of nursing
B) Developing vaccines to administer to large numbers of people
C) Collecting vital statistics and improving sanitation
D) Developing public housing and almshouses

Question 10

Why were nurses so unprepared for public health nursing in the early 20th century?

A) Public health nursing had not yet been created as a field.
B) No one would teach the nurses how to engage in public health activities.
C) Nightingale's textbook did not include content on public health nursing.
D) Nurses were educated in diploma schools, which focused on care of hospitalized clients.

Question 11

A public health nurse is compiling information about how to promote early detection of breast cancer in women.Which document would most likely provide useful information about this topic?

A) The Future of Public Health
B) Healthy People 2020
C) Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act
D) Scope and Standards of Public Health Nursing Practice

Question 12

A nursing student during World War II would likely join which group?

A) The US Public Health Service
B) The Marine Nurse Corps
C) The Frontier Nursing Service
D) The Cadet Nurse Corps

Question 13

Which of the following nurses is famous for creating public health nursing in the United States?

A) Florence Nightingale
B) Frances Root
C) Lillian Wald
D) Mrs. Solomon Loeb

Question 14

Why did the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company establish and retain for several years the first community nursing health program for policyholders?

A) Creating such a service was the morally correct thing to do.
B) Employing nurses directly was less expensive than paying taxes to the city for the same purpose.
C) Having the company's nurses make home visits increased worker morale.
D) Having public health nurses visit policyholders and their families led to a decline in policyholder deaths, thus lowering costs for the insurance company.

Question 15

Which client would have been most likely to receive care from the Frontier Nursing Service?

A) An injured soldier
B) A homebound, elderly male
C) A woman in labor
D) A child with a broken femur

Question 16

Which of the following would have been the focus of a school nurse in the early 20th century?

A) Investigating causes of absenteeism
B) Teaching school as well as being a nurse
C) Promoting nursing as an autonomous practice
D) Providing medical treatment to enable children to return to school

Question 17

How did Florence Nightingale help bring about community health nursing?

A) She convinced socially prominent wealthy women to volunteer to give care.
B) She focused on all soldiers and their environment.
C) She interacted with each individual person, assessing his or her needs and acting to meet those needs.
D) She kept careful records on what was done and what were the results.

Question 18

What was the outcome of the Shattuck Report?

A) Efforts to control alcohol and drug abuse, as well as tobacco use, were initiated.
B) Environmental sanitation efforts became an immediate priority.
C) Guidelines for modern public health organizations were eventually developed.
D) Local and state governments established boards of health after its publication.

Question 19

How did the Industrial Revolution result in previous caregiving approaches,such as care by families,friends,and neighbors,becoming inadequate?

A) Economic and political wars resulted in frequent death and injuries.
B) Incredible plagues consistently and constantly swept the European continent.
C) Migration and urbanization resulted in increased demand for care.
D) Caregivers could easily find other employment, so they demanded to be paid.

Question 20

A nurse is considering applying for a position as a public health nurse.Which of the following would be a reason this position would be appealing?

A) Its autonomy and independence
B) Its focus on acute care and immediately visible outcomes
C) Its collaboration with other health care professionals
D) Its flexibility and higher wages

Question 21

How did nursing education change in the 1950s?

A) Baccalaureate nursing programs typically included public health nursing concepts.
B) Diploma schools of nursing continued to expand their student numbers.
C) Junior and community colleges began offering nursing programs.
D) Nurses were strongly encouraged to have a scientific basis for their practice.

Question 22

How did health care and its delivery change during the 1980s?

A) Funding to public health increased as funding for acute hospital care decreased.
B) Laws began to be passed that discouraged the use of alcohol, drugs, and tobacco.
C) Nurse practitioners were increasingly used to provide care.
D) Public health programs suffered reduced political support, financing, and effectiveness.