Deck 12: Attraction, Love, and Communication

Question 1

Passionate love is more likely to lead first to a love relationship and then marriage in a collectivist society rather than in an individualistic society.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Self-disclosing facts is as effective at promoting intimacy as is self-disclosure of emotion.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

We tend to like and fall in love with those who are social opposites-homophily.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Physical attractiveness,no matter how it is culturally defined,is an attribute that is considered important in the choice of a potential mate.

Question 5

The production of certain brain chemicals,such as oxytocin,triggered by passionate love contribute in the long run to the development of companionate love.

Question 6

Jealousy only comes from one partner having low self-esteem and high doubt in their relationship.

Question 7

Over time,the component in Sternberg's triangular theory of love which decreases quickest while the other two may remain the same or increase is intimacy.

Question 8

Researchers have adopted a standard definition of intimacy that fits directly with laypeople's understanding of the term.

Question 9

Passionate love is much more likely to lead to a love relationship and marriage in an individualistic society than in a collectivist society.

Question 10

"Dismissing lovers" feel worthy of love and are generally accepting and responsive to love.

Question 11

Self-disclosure to another is a key process in the development of an intimate relationship.

Question 12

In "shopping" for a potential (heterosexual)mate,a woman's worth is based to a large degree on her physical beauty while a man's worth is based on his economic and professional success.

Question 13

People who meet through online dating sites are very likely to marry their online dating partner.

Question 14

The Internet is particularly risky for gay,lesbian,and bisexual individuals looking for a date because of the rejection they frequently face in online encounters.

Question 15

The two parts of the "two-component theory of love" are physiological arousal and labeling.

Question 16

In cultures where there is equal access to resources and gender equity,the sex role perspective suggests that gender differences in preferences will be weakened or disappear.

Question 17

According to attachment theory,those with a preoccupied approach to being in love tend to avoid relationships.

Question 18

Jealousy is a raw emotional reaction.

Question 19

"Fearful lovers" have a sense of their own lovability but have negative expectations of other people.

Question 20

Intimacy in Sternberg's triangular theory of love is the component of love that is key in beginning a love relationship because of the physical attraction and passion that it creates.

Question 21

The lyric,"The more I see you,the more I want you," has been substantiated in a number of research studies as an empirical generalization.Which of the following concepts best summarizes the meaning of this lyric in relation to attraction and/or love?

A)The matching phenomenon
B)Playing hard-to-get
C)Jealousy
D)Repeated exposure

Question 22

Worldwide,heterosexual men place more importance in choosing a potential mate on the woman's cues for reproductive capacity than on resources.

Question 23

What is Homophily?

A)The tendency for people to like people whom they see frequently.
B)Another term for homosexual.
C)The tendency to have contact with people who are equal in social status.
D)A fear of interacting with people who are your same age.

Question 24

Examples of collective cultures exist in such countries as China and Africa.

Question 25

In order to be a good listener,you need to be nondefensive,paraphrase,and ask for feedback from your partner.

Question 26

Hyde,DeLamater,and Byers discuss a research project where snapshots were taken of university men and women.Their degree of attractiveness was then judged.Along with this a dating history was obtained.The largest number of dates occurred among

A)the most attractive men and women as a rule.
B)the least attractive men and women as a rule.
C)the moderately attractive men and women as a rule.
D)the least attractive men as a rule.

Question 27

Not disclosing about our sexual likes and dislikes leads to sexual satisfaction in two ways: by facilitating intimacy,and removing the potential for performance anxiety during sexual interactions.

Question 28

Research that began in the 1970s revealed that attractive women married successful men for various reasons.Which of the following was NOT a factor described in the text?

A)Many women did not work.
B)Many women did not have an occupation.
C)Many women did not have an income.
D)Many women did not have a post-secondary education.

Question 29

Worldwide,heterosexual women place more importance on the resources of the man than on the man's cues of reproductive capacity.

Question 30

Which of the following was NOT an outcome of The Add Health (2014)data which studied ATTRACTIVENESS with students in grades 7 to 12?

A)In high school it is associated with greater social integration.
B)In high school it is associated with higher academic success.
C)In high school is it associated with favourable treatment by classmates.
D)In high school is it associated with favourable treatment by teachers.

Question 31

Given other things being equal-such as looks,money,etc.-with which of the following types of individuals are we most likely to fall in love?

A)Your lab partner in your weekly chemistry lab class
B)The person who works two floors down from you at the same company in a different division
C)Someone you noticed coming into your classroom as you were leaving it
D)Someone you have just met down at the local bar-lust at first sight

Question 32

Which social factor has the least homophily?

A)religion
B)age
C)race/ethnicity
D)education

Question 33

"Mm-that feels great,honey," is an example of positive reinforcement.

Question 34

In communicating,assuming the role of mind-reader will probably work to promote a good sexual relationship because you will know what the person is thinking and will do.

Question 35

What does the "mere exposure" effect mean?

A)People being attracted to people of the same gender.
B)Love at first sight.
C)The disorder characterized by looking in a mirror too much.
D)The tendency for people to like people whom they see frequently.

Question 36

According to the "mere-exposure" effect,you should be most attracted to a good-looking person if

A)that person plays hard to get.
B)that person lives across the hall from you.
C)that person has somewhat different opinions from you.
D)you see that person next to a much worse-looking individual.

Question 37

Barry and Irene have been dating for six months.Barry is very possessive of Irene and doubts her feelings toward him.He loves her and worships the ground that she walks on and desperately wants the relationship to last.According to the attachment theory of love,what type of lover is Barry?

A)secure
B)preoccupied
C)dismissing
D)fearful

Question 38

Which has the greatest homophily?

A)education
B)age
C)sexual orientation
D)race/ethnicity

Question 39

Because communication styles are so different between men and women it is almost impossible to hope for true communication on intimate parts of life.

Question 40

According to Bartholomew and Horowitz's (1991)attachment theory of love,______ lovers have a sense that they are worthy of the love of others and that other people are generally accepting and responsive.

A)secure
B)preoccupied
C)dismissing
D)fearful

Question 41

Which statement represents a principle that operates in the interpersonal marketplace of love and attraction?

A)The worth of a person is based primarily on their depth of character and not their physical attractiveness.
B)Women's worth is based on physical beauty and men's upon economic success.
C)Women's worth is based on economic success and men's upon physical looks.
D)A person's worth,for men and women,is based primarily on their physical attractiveness.

Question 42

Which of the following is FALSE regarding people who use the online dating sites?

A)People of all sexual orientations use online dating.
B)Older people are more likely to post online dating profiles than young people.
C)Only business men and unhappy women use the Internet to find dates.
D)About three-quarters of single people have used the Internet to try to find a date.

Question 43

According to the textbook,which one of the following is a major disadvantage of meeting someone online?

A)Risk of being cyber-stalked
B)Risk of being lied to
C)Disclosing too much,too quickly
D)Falling in love with someone who lives out of town

Question 44

According to the sociobiological perspective,which of the following people would be the best partner?

A)Jim: an unattractive,but wealthy 40-year-old man
B)Tasha: an attractive 22-year-old woman who is quite poor
C)Jackie: an attractive and wealthy 45-year-old woman.
D)Roger: an attractive,poor freelance poet who is 25 years old

Question 45

A number of studies have demonstrated that subjects express greater liking for more attractive individuals.This phenomenon

A)has been found in subjects as young as 3 years of age.
B)typically does not develop until grade school.
C)disappears in adulthood.
D)is limited to laboratory studies.

Question 46

Physical attractiveness is most important to heterosexual

A)females evaluating females.
B)females evaluating males.
C)males evaluating females.
D)males evaluating males.

Question 47

"Our attraction toward another person is proportionate to the number of reinforcements that person gives us relative to the total number of reinforcements plus punishments the person gives us." This statement describes

A)Byrne's law of attraction
B)Sternberg's theory of love
C)the attachment theory of love
D)the two-component theory of love

Question 48

Lee is a 29-year-old single chartered accountant working for a national firm.Lee is originally from Vancouver,completed her accounting degree in Winnipeg and is now living and working in Toronto.Lee works long hours and many weekends so that she can try to move up in the firm quickly and request a transfer to the Vancouver firm to move home.Although she works with a blend of men and women in similar situations as her own,she believes that it is important to maintain professional relationships with her colleagues.When it comes to dating,Lee's situation reflects the

A)four social trends that underlie the growth in popularity and acceptance of online dating.
B)social trends that have resulted in a large number of never-married women in their mid-and late-30s.
C)impact urbanization has on traditional family development.
D)factors at play in the interpersonal marketplace.

Question 49

In a dating experiment conducted by Byrne and his colleagues,it was demonstrated that interpersonal attraction was greatest toward

A)Physically unattractive others with dissimilar attitudes.
B)Physically unattractive others with similar attitudes.
C)Physically attractive others with dissimilar attitudes.
D)Physically attractive others with similar attitudes.

Question 50

According to a study reported in your text,the relationship between a man's occupational status and the degree to which women consider him attractive and desirable to date is best described by which statement?

A)Women considered those with the low status jobs at least moderately acceptable as a date.
B)The most acceptable men had the highest occupational status.
C)The least acceptable men had moderate occupational status.
D)Acceptability as a date was unrelated to educational level or occupational status.

Question 51

Surveys indicate that people who meet online

A)are the same ones who enjoy the singles scene as typified by the "singles bars."
B)are educated,affluent,and between the ages of 20 and 40.
C)are underemployed and unattractive.
D)base their intentions on continuing the relationship on the physical appearance of their Internet partner.

Question 52

According to sociobiological theory of mate selection,men want mates who _________,while women want mates who __________.

A)are heterophilous;are homophilous
B)are fertile;have resources
C)have resources;are fertile
D)can cook;are good-looking

Question 53

In the pairing of men and women what generally occurs?

A)Successful women to will be paired with attractive men.
B)Successful women will be unable to find men.
C)Unattractive men are paired with wealthy women.
D)Attractive women will be paired with wealthy men.

Question 54

Who do we tend to be attracted to and fall in love with?

A)People who are similar to us.
B)Those who constantly challenge our ideas.
C)Those who are more attractive and appear at first to be just out of "our reach."
D)People with whom we do not have much contact with-the relative stranger is more intriguing.

Question 55

The Internet has provided us a new way to meet potential partners online.What is one advantage of the internet in the development of a long-term intimate relationship?

A)Remaining anonymous.
B)Being able to tell the other person whatever you want.
C)It forces you to focus on the person's interests and values.
D)You are influenced in the beginning by the other person's degree of physical attractiveness.

Question 56

The relationship between one's degree of attractiveness and one's dating history can best be summarized by stating that

A)contrary to expectations,physically attractive women have fewer dates than unattractive women.
B)attractive people,in general,have more dates than unattractive people.
C)the physical attractiveness of men has no relationship to their dating history.
D)moderately attractive women have more dates than either attractive or unattractive women.

Question 57

According to reinforcement theory,which of the following is NOT likely to produce increased attraction between individuals?

A)Eating ice-cream with the other person.
B)Having a fight,then having the most incredible sex ever.
C)Having a small fight,then mutually agreeing to forget it.
D)Complimenting your partner on their clothes ten minutes before he/she gets splashed by a car.

Question 58

Research findings suggest that the saying "Birds of a feather,flock together" is

A)accurate when it comes to personality but inaccurate when it comes to attitudes.
B)accurate when it comes to attitudes but inaccurate when it comes to personality.
C)accurate on all levels.
D)inaccurate on all levels;research strongly supports "Opposites attract."

Question 59

Terry is a politically liberal,very attractive black Canadian man,with a successful psychiatry practice.He frequently visits the gym where he usually meets women.Of the following women Terry meets at the gym which one,according to the "matching phenomenon," would he be most attracted to?

A)Kendra: an 18 year old extremely beautiful Indo-Canadian woman who is in school studying fashion design
B)Maria: a Canadian First Nations social worker
C)Jasmine: a liberal black Canadian woman who is the first female attorney to be made partner in the firm where she works
D)Kathy: a Canadian Caucasian political activist

Question 60

Of the following online dating sites,which one uses a "matching" system that most closely maps onto researching findings on attractiveness?

A)Chemistry.com
B)eHarmony
C)PerfectMatch.com
D)Plenty of Fish

Question 61

In order to maintain intimacy,the correct response by a partner to self-disclosure

A)is non-response.
B)is acceptance.
C)depending upon the nature of the disclosure,is acceptance or criticism.
D)is to remain neutral.

Question 62

Attachment characterized by a negative perception of others (i.e.,not worthy of receiving the love of others)and a positive perception of self (i.e.,worthy of receiving the love of others)forms what kind of lovers according to Bartholomew and Horowitz's (1991)attachment theory of love?

A)secure
B)preoccupied
C)dismissing
D)fearful

Question 63

In the triangular theory of love,each of the three components must be turned into actions for love to occur and be maintained.Which of the following components and their equivalent actions is INCORRECTLY matched?

A)Commitment: saying I love you
B)Intimacy: expressing empathy
C)Passion: kissing
D)Decision: Making love

Question 64

In Sternberg's triangular theory of love,which is the motivational or drive component of love?

A)Passion
B)Intimacy
C)Commitment
D)Penetration

Question 65

Nat and Billie were instantly attracted to each other when they met.As they got to know each other,their love for each other grew.Nat and Billie are now engaged to be married.Although the passion in their relationship has faded,they know each other well and feel confident in their decision to marry.If researchers studied Nat and Billie's relationship,their decrease in passion,moderate level of behavioural intimacy,and increasing commitment would be consistent with research supporting which theory of love?

A)Triangular theory of love
B)Attachment theory of love
C)Love as a Story
D)Biology of Passionate Love

Question 66

You are a psychologist who is going to measure intimacy in a relationship.Agreeing with which of the following statements would be a good indicator of intimacy?

A)My partner does not listen to me when I need someone to talk to.
B)I confide very personal information to my partner quite often.
C)I feel close to my partner only once in a while.
D)My relationship with my partner is not that important because I have a number of good friends.

Question 67

One definition of intimacy described in your book emphasizes the need for which of the following components on intimacy?

A)The relationship must have long-term commitment.
B)Intimacy includes affective,cognitive and physical components.
C)The relationship must be sexual.
D)Intimacy does not necessarily have to include self-disclosure.

Question 68

Sternberg,through his triangular theory of love,has found that the best predictor of satisfaction with a relationship is

A)the match between partners' passion.
B)the match between the partners on all the components of love.
C)the proportion of the number of reinforcements a person gives us relative to the total number of reinforcements plus punishments the person gives us.
D)the match between partners' intimacy relative to the match between partners' commitment.

Question 69

What are intimate relationships characterized by?

A)Regular and predictable intimate interactions,affection between partners,mutual trust,and cohesiveness.
B)Regular and predictable sexual interactions,affection,and comfort being naked together.
C)Familial ties or a long history of knowing each other well.
D)Knowing one another so well that you finish each other's sentences.

Question 70

Which part of Sternberg's triangular theory of love makes a relationship last?

A)Intimacy
B)Decision or Commitment
C)Passion
D)Sex

Question 71

Jody was taking a plane from Edmonton to Winnipeg after a particularly difficult day.On the plane ride,Jody shared her feelings and frustrating experiences of the day with the woman sitting next to her-a woman she did not know and never saw again.However,on the plane with this woman Jody had

A)a heart-to-heart
B)an intimate relationship
C)a breakdown in boundaries
D)an intimate experience

Question 72

A limit to the arguments of sociobiological theory comes from which of the following recent research findings?

A)Women who are independently wealthy place more emphasis on a man's physical attractiveness than a man's resources in selecting a mate.
B)Many young men place greater emphasis on a woman's sexual maturity than on her reproductive capacity.
C)Young women are more likely to select a much older male partner who has a stable life regardless of their income level than they are to select a young man with better income potential who is still in school.
D)Sociobiological theory's arguments are very strong and recent research has only further supported it.

Question 73

Intimacy

A)is applicable to individuals and not to relationships.
B)is applicable to relationships and not to individuals.
C)and mutual self-disclosure build on one another.
D)and trust are mutually exclusive.

Question 74

Which of the following is NOT a proposed reason why people reciprocate self-disclosures?

A)The initial disclosure is a modeled behaviour;the reciprocated disclosure is an imitated behaviour.
B)Reciprocity eases the feelings of unease that arise when someone self-discloses.
C)Disclosures make us like and trust the person more.
D)to maintain a sense of balance in the relationship.

Question 75

According to sociobiological theory,which one of the following males would a young woman be likely to select as a mate?

A)Dave,a hot 30-year-old bartender who works at a trendy bar
B)Earl,a divorced 50-year-old accountant
C)Liam,a 32-year-old medical intern
D)Tyler,an attractive,20-year-old first-year university student

Question 76

Sociobiological theory does NOT explain

A)what young men look for in a mate.
B)same-sex attraction.
C)cross-cultural attraction.
D)what heterosexual couples look for in a partner.

Question 77

Which of the following defines intimacy?

A)It must have a physical dimension that is sexual.
B)It must be reciprocal.
C)It must be equal between partners.
D)It is only possible after age 20.

Question 78

The component of Sternberg's triangular theory of love that differentiates romantic love from other kinds of love is

A)intimacy
B)passion
C)decision or commitment
D)obsession

Question 79

Intimacy

A)is a dimension of a relationship that can be measured like most other feelings.
B)cannot be measured,just as love cannot be measured.
C)is not useful to measure because it does not exist for most people.
D)is not useful to measure because it doesn't affect anything.

Question 80

Which of the following is NOT a component of Sternberg's triangular theory of love?

A)Passion
B)Intimacy
C)Commitment
D)Attractiveness