Deck 37: Anesthesia and Pain Control

Question 1

_____ anesthesia is frequently used on the mandibular teeth and is injected near a major nerve that numbs the entire area served by that nerve branch.

A)Block
B)Infiltration
C)Innervation
D)Induction

Answer 1

Block

Question 2

A short-acting local anesthetic agent can last from _____ minutes.

A)20 to 45
B)60 to 180
C)120 to 240
D)240 to 540

Answer 2

60 to 180

Question 3

The color-coding system for anesthetic cartridges allows the practitioner to select the correct anesthetic solution by distinguishing the correct _____ solution.

A)ratio of
B)brand of
C)induction time of the
D)both a and b

Answer 3

both a and b

Question 4

Local anesthetic agents are not effective when injected into an area where a tooth or soft tissue is infected because:

A)increased swelling in tissue dilutes the anesthetic.
B)an increase of lymphocytes, in the area to combat the infection, will interfere with the effectiveness of the anesthetic solution.
C)increased blood flow in an area of infection rapidly carries the anesthetic away from the area.
D)the infection causes local temperature to rise above the point where local anesthetic is effective.

Question 5

Which of the following choices represents the lowest ratio,meaning greatest concentration,of vasoconstrictor in local anesthetic?

A)1:20,000
B)1:50,000
C)1:100,000
D)1:200,000

Question 6

The time from when the local anesthetic takes complete effect until the complete reversal of anesthesia is the _____ of the anesthetic agent.

A)induction
B)life span
C)duration
D)innervation

Question 7

The use of an anesthetic solution without a vasoconstrictor is recommended for patients with a history of:

A)stable angina.
B)recent myocardial infarction.
C)controlled hypertension.
D)treated or controlled congestive heart failure.

Question 8

The lengths of the needles used in dentistry are:

A)1½ inches and 2 inches
B)1 inch and 15/8 inches
C)½ inch and 1½ inches
D)5/8 inch and 1 inch

Question 9

The _____ of the anesthetic syringe locks into the rubber stopper of the anesthetic cartridge so that the stopper can be retracted by pulling back on the piston rod.

A)barrel
B)thumb ring
C)piston rod
D)harpoon

Question 10

The gauge of the needle refers to the thickness of the needle; the larger the gauge,the _____ the needle.

A)thinner
B)stiffer
C)thicker
D)both a and b

Question 11

During the loading of an anesthetic syringe,the _____ is loaded first.

A)needle
B)anesthetic cartridge
C)either a or b

Question 12

For today's products,an ointment type of topical anesthetic should remain on the site of injection for a minimum of _______ to have optimum effectiveness.

A)2 to 5 seconds
B)15 to 30 seconds
C)2 minutes
D)3 to 5 minutes

Question 13

To be certain the anesthetic solution is not injected into a blood vessel,the dentist:

A)uses an aspirating syringe.
B)always aspirates before depositing any solution.
C)uses a periodontal ligament syringe.
D)both a and b.

Question 14

The agents that provide a temporary numbing effect on nerve endings located on the surface of the oral mucosa are:

A)local anesthetics.
B)topical anesthetics.
C)general anesthetics.
D)antiseptics.

Question 15

The most frequently used form of pain control in dentistry is:

A)local anesthesia.
B)topical anesthesia.
C)general anesthesia.
D)inhalation sedation.

Question 16

_____ is a condition in which numbness remains after the effects of the local anesthetic solutions should have worn off.

A)Analgesia
B)Anesthesia
C)Paresthesia
D)Electronic anesthesia

Question 17

Nitrous oxide/oxygen analgesia use in dentistry dates back to 1844 and is also known as:

A)electronic anesthesia.
B)general anesthesia.
C)inhalation sedation.
D)IV sedation.

Question 18

_____ is added to a local anesthetic agent to slow down the intake of the agent and increase the duration of action.

A)Sodium chloride
B)A vasoconstrictor
C)An amide
D)An ester

Question 19

_____ is achieved by injecting the anesthetic solution directly into the tissue at the site of the dental procedure and is generally used on the maxillary teeth.

A)Inferior alveolar nerve block anesthesia
B)Block anesthesia
C)Infiltration anesthesia
D)Incisive nerve block

Question 20

Anesthesia is defined as:

A)the passage of a substance into the interior of another by solution or penetration.
B)a substance for killing microorganisms on the skin.
C)the temporary loss of feeling or sensation.
D)the act of inhalation, or ingestion, as of a foreign object.

Question 21

Nitrous oxide oxygen administration always begins and ends with:

A)the patient deep breathing.
B)the patient breathing 100% oxygen.
C)taking the patient's blood pressure and temperature.
D)both b and c.

Question 22

What type of injection technique would the dentist use most frequently on tooth #6?

A)Block
B)Infiltration
C)Intravenous
D)Intramuscular

Question 23

One advantage of nitrous oxide use in a dental setting is that:

A)special training is not required for the dentist and dental assistant.
B)the services of an anesthetist or other special personnel are not necessary.
C)the patient is rendered unconscious.
D)induction and recovery are slow, which is an advantage in long procedures.

Question 24

Which of the following types of commonly prescribed sedatives for dental patients is indicated for children?

A)Secobarbital (Seconal)
B)Chlordiazepoxide (Librium)
C)Diazepam (Valium)
D)Chloral hydrate (Noctec)

Question 25

Which of the following ratios of vasoconstrictor to local anesthetic would contain the highest level of vasoconstrictor?

A)1:100,000
B)1:20,000
C)1:50,000
D)1:200,000

Question 26

To have optimum effectiveness of the topical anesthetic ointment type,it must remain on the site of the injection for:

A)3 to 5 seconds.
B)1 to 2 seconds.
C)1 to 2 minutes.
D)3 to 5 minutes.

Question 27

Which type of local anesthetic would be used for a patient with a medical history that indicates a recent myocardial infarction?

A)Lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine
B)Lidocaine with 1:50,000 epinephrine
C)Mepivacaine with 1:20,000 Neo-Cobefrin
D)Carbocaine plain

Question 28

Absolute medical contraindications to nitrous oxide use:

A)include pregnancy
B)include nasal obstruction
C)include emphysema and multiple sclerosis
D)do not exist, but certain conditions make it a poor choice for some patients

Question 29

The different levels of consciousness and unconsciousness are referred to as stages of anesthesia; these stages include which of the following?

A)Stage I (analgesia)
B)Stage II (excitement)
C)Stage III (cardiac arrest)
D)Both a and b

Question 30

The most common form of topical anesthetic used to control a gag reflex during intraoral radiographs is:

A)spray.
B)liquid.
C)ointment.
D)patch.

Question 31

General anesthesia is most safely administered in the:

A)general dentist's office.
B)oral surgeon's office.
C)hospital.
D)periodontist's office.

Question 32

The tank or cylinder of ______ is always color-coded blue.

A)oxygen
B)nitrous oxide
C)helium
D)hydrogen

Question 33

What nerve is anesthetized for tooth #31?

A)Buccal nerve
B)Anterior superior alveolar nerve
C)Inferior alveolar nerve
D)Incisive nerve

Question 34

Used or contaminated needles and cartridges are discarded in the:

A)trash can.
B)biohazard bags.
C)sharps container.
D)medical waste.

Question 35

What drug is considered to be a vasoconstrictor and is added to local anesthetic to prolong its effect?

A)Alcohol
B)Nitrous oxide
C)Epinephrine
D)Aspirin

Question 36

Which of the following must be used to protect dental personnel from the occupational risks of nitrous oxide by reducing the N₂O released into the treatment room?

A)Vacuum system
B)Scavenger system
C)Patient mask that fits well and doesn't leak
D)Both b and c

Question 37

Intravenous sedation:

A)may be performed by any dentist, without a requirement for additional training.
B)may be monitored by a certified dental assistant in some states after completion of a board-certified course.
C)is not permitted for children as a part of the scope of dental practice.
D)requires measurement of the patient's height for dose determination.

Question 38

A scavenger system on a N₂O/O₂ unit is recommended to:

A)protect chairside assistants from occupational risks of N2O.
B)reduce N2O released into treatment room.
C)protect other dental personnel from occupational risks of N2O.
D)all of the above.

Question 39

Most surgical procedures are scheduled in the _____,because patients must not eat or drink for 8 to 12 hours before receiving general anesthesia.

A)early morning
B)early afternoon
C)late afternoon
D)early evening

Question 40

The anesthetic syringe consists of all of the following parts with the exception of:

A)harpoon.
B)rubber stopper.
C)thumb ring.
D)piston rod.

Question 41

_______ is the length of time from injection to complete and effective conduction blockage.

A)Induction
B)Infiltration
C)Duration
D)Indication

Question 42

There are four stages of anesthesia.In which stage is the patient relaxed and fully conscious?

A)Stage III
B)Stage II
C)Stage I
D)Stage IV

Question 43

In patients with an acute infection in a tooth or soft tissue,local anesthetics are not as effective because of an increase:

A)of blood flow
B)in swelling
C)in lymphocytes (white blood cells)
D)none of the above

Question 44

The dental assistant is preparing anesthesia for tooth #13.What length needle would be selected?

A)15/8 inches
B)5/8 inch
C)1 inch
D)2 inches

Question 45

A 30 gauge needle would be a _____ needle.

A)thicker
B)thinner
C)large
D)all of the above

Question 46

What part of the anesthetic syringe must engage so that aspiration can occur during the injection?

A)Piston rod
B)Thumb ring
C)Barrel
D)Harpoon

Question 47

A ______ inch needle would be used for an anesthetic injection for a procedure for tooth #19.

A)5/8
B)1
C)2
D)15/8

Question 48

What can cause paresthesia?

A)Trauma to the nerve
B)Bleeding into or around the nerve
C)Contaminated anesthetic solution
D)All of the above

Question 49

The hollow center of the needle through which the anesthetic flows is called the:

A)needle hub.
B)bevel.
C)gauge.
D)none of the above.