Deck 6: Police Work

Question 1

Your textbook describes four characteristics that generally define the role of the police.Three are listed below.Which one is NOT described in your textbook?

A) The police perform ongoing educational roles in the community.
B) The police are community leaders in public safety.
C) The police occasionally serve in a hostile or dangerous environment.
D) The police solve sociological and technological problems for people on a short-term basis.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Patrols that are "systematically unsystematic" and observant in an attempt to both deter and ferret out crime on their beats are known as random or ____ patrol.

A) foot
B) directed
C) preventive
D) aggressive

Answer 2

C

Question 3

When an entire patrol section is instructed to make numerous traffic stops and field interrogations,the practice is referred to as ____ patrol.

A) foot
B) aggressive
C) directed
D) preventive

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Your textbook names five roles that investigators may play in a police department.Three are listed below.Which one does NOT belong?

A) Investigators conducting background checks of applicants to the police department.
B) Uniformed patrol officers investigating the crimes they have been dispatched to or have encountered on their own while on patrol.
C) Uniformed police officers conducting field interrogations and other types of aggressive patrol.
D) Internal affairs investigators conducting investigations of alleged crimes by police personnel.

Question 5

Which of the following is unquestionably the most time-consuming and resource-intensive task of any police agency?

A) patrol
B) investigation
C) DNA profiling
D) field interrogation

Question 6

Your textbook names three distinct functions of DNA profiling.They are listed below.Which of the following is NOT one of these distinct functions?

A) Collecting samples from all people at birth, so that a complete DNA database can be compiled.
B) Clearing innocent people convicted of rape and murder years after they began serving their sentences.
C) Linking or eliminating identified suspects to a crime.
D) Identifying "cold hits" where a sample from a crime scene is matched against numerous cases in a DNA database and a positive match is made.

Question 7

Your textbook names three reasons why many victims of cybercrime fail to report these crimes to authorities.Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons listed in your textbook?

A) The fear of being implicated in the crime
B) The shame of not providing adequate security to protect trusted assets
C) The fear of losing public confidence as a result of being a victim
D) The attention to their vulnerability that a crime report would attract

Question 8

In ____ patrol,officers are given guidance on how to use their patrol time,which is often based on the results of crime analyses that identify problem areas.

A) directed
B) preventive
C) aggressive
D) foot

Question 9

Criminal investigation has been defined as a lawful search of people and things to achieve three of the following goals.Which of the following is NOT one of the goals of criminal investigation?

A) Apprehend or determine the guilty party.
B) Reconstruct the circumstances of an illegal act.
C) Aid in the state's prosecution of the offender.
D) Conduct preventive patrol to ferret out crime.

Question 10

Each year,nearly twice as many people are ____ as are ____.

A) killed in automobile accidents; murdered
B) kidnapped; killed in automobile accidents
C) murdered; kidnapped
D) murdered; killed in automobile accidents

Question 11

In 2003,how many police officers were feloniously killed in the line of duty?

A) 0
B) 22
C) 52
D) 142

Question 12

The knowledge to carry out cybercrimes is readily available at hacker:

A) chat rooms.
B) message boards.
C) web sites.
D) all of the choices are correct

Question 13

For most people,the only personal experience they have with the criminal justice process is contact with a:

A) federal police officer.
B) courtroom.
C) correctional institution.
D) local police officer.

Question 14

John Broderick classified police officers by their degree of commitment to maintaining order and their respect for due process.Three of these classifications are listed below.Which one does NOT belong?

A) enforcers
B) punishers
C) idealists
D) optimists

Question 15

Your textbook gives three reasons why,despite low crime-solving rates by detectives,many police departments continue to employ them.Three are listed below.Which one does NOT belong?

A) Detectives have interrogation and case presentation skills that assist in prosecution.
B) Detectives have wider jurisdiction than patrol officers do, and can arrest and book some suspects that other police officers cannot.
C) Law enforcement executives can assign detectives to a major, high profile case to demonstrate to the public that they are committing resources to the matter.
D) Technical knowledge, such as knowing about burglary tools, does help in some investigations and prosecutions.

Question 16

Police detectives seem to have a number of advantages over patrol officers,and seven of these advantages are listed in your textbook.Three are listed below.Which is NOT one of these advantages?

A) They have offices and desks.
B) They enjoy more freedom than patrol officers do from the police radio and geographical boundaries.
C) They often move on to patronage jobs.
D) In many agencies, they receive higher compensation and hold a higher rank.

Question 17

Some of the more important functions of traffic units are:

A) to recommend traffic engineering changes that will enhance the flow of traffic and promote safety.
B) to enforce traffic laws, particularly when violations of those laws cause traffic accidents.
C) to educate motorists in a community about traffic safety and proper driving procedures.
D) all of the choices are correct.

Question 18

Your textbook describes several ways in which cybercriminals can illegally access,manipulate,or steal computer data.Three of these ways are listed below.Which is NOT one of the ways listed in your textbook?

A) Cybercriminals can alter computer records at financial, business, and educational institutions.
B) Cybercriminals alter DNA records, thus hampering and sometimes destroying criminal investigations.
C) Cybercriminals often illegally enter computer systems and introduce viruses or worms.
D) Cybercriminals illegally transfer millions of dollars to their accounts.

Question 19

The professional model of policing,which police followed in the decades before community policing,rested on three foundations.They are listed below.Which of the following is NOT one of these three foundations?

A) preventive patrol
B) proactive patrol
C) follow-up investigation
D) quick response time

Question 20

With DNA profiling,a unique genetic profile can be derived from ____ found at the scene of a crime or on a victim.

A) hair
B) semen
C) blood
D) all of the choices are correct

Question 21

Which of the following is NOT true about civil asset forfeiture as a tool in drug enforcement?

A) it is the preferred tool in drug enforcement
B) the government only has to have probable cause to seize a person's property
C) an owner must be proactive to get his or her property back
D) the state must only prove by a preponderance of evidence that the property was used in a crime

Question 22

Which of the following agencies has the largest AFIS?

A) the Florida Department of Law Enforcement
B) the New York City Police Department
C) the U.S. Secret Service
D) the FBI

Question 23

With community policing:

A) police focus more heavily on preventive patrol for public safety.
B) citizens share responsibility for their community's safety.
C) citizens are encouraged to learn policing methods and tactics.
D) police adopt a legalistic (or sometimes watchman) style of policing.

Question 24

Which of the following drug enforcement strategies accounts for the greatest number of drug arrests and seizures?

A) street-level enforcement
B) mid-level investigations
C) major investigations
D) drug demand reduction

Question 25

In which of the following ways can community policing contribute to drug enforcement?

A) foot patrol and problem-oriented policing can reduce street-level dealing
B) community policing may increase public support for drug enforcement efforts by encouraging citizens to report drug crimes and identify drug dealers
C) community organizing may empower citizens to resist drug dealers and drug abusers who invade their communities
D) all of the choices are ways

Question 26

In 2001,approximately ______ percent of federal prisoners and ______percent of state prisoners were incarcerated for drug offenses.

A) 10; 5
B) 55; 20
C) 20; 55
D) 5; 20

Question 27

The most widely used crime-mapping application is probably ______.

A) crime scene investigations
B) the determination of gunshot origins
C) resource allocation
D) CompStat

Question 28

Which of the following is currently the most complete DNA database?

A) CompStat
B) CODIS
C) GIS
D) GPS

Question 29

Which of the following reasons accounts for the relative ineffectiveness of marijuana eradication strategies?

A) large quantities are generally grown in remote, largely inaccessible areas making eradication efforts time-consuming, labor-intensive, and dangerous
B) spraying crops with chemicals can be hazardous to people, water supplies, animals and other vegetation
C) the huge profits that can be made from a marijuana crop create a powerful incentive not to be deterred by eradication efforts
D) all of the choices are reasons

Question 30

According to FBI estimates,approximately what percent of international terrorist incidents that occur annually in the United States and abroad are directed at U.S.interests?

A) 1-5
B) 5-10
C) 20-30
D) 50-60

Question 31

Which of the following is the FBI's definition of terrorism?

A) the unlawful use of force and violence against persons or property to intimidate or coerce a government, the civilian population, or any segment thereof, in furtherance of political or social objectives
B) the systematic use of terror or unpredictable violence against governments, publics, or individuals to attain a political objective
C) premeditated, politically motivated violence perpetrated against noncombatant targets by subnational groups or clandestine agents, usually intended to influence an audience
D) the unlawful use, or threatened use, of force or violence by a group or individual based and operating entirely within the United States or its territories without foreign direction committed against persons or property to intimidate or coerce a government, the civilian population, or any segment thereof, in furtherance of political or social objectives

Question 32

Which of the following is NOT true about terrorism?

A) it is one of the oldest forms of human conflict
B) it has been used by both right-wing and left-wing political organizations, by ethnic and nationalistic groups, by revolutionaries, and by the armies and secret police of established governments
C) the modern era of terrorism began with the Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor in 1941, according to the FBI
D) the terrorist acts of 9/11 constituted the bloodiest day on American soil since the Civil War

Question 33

The crime triangle is a view of crime and disorder as an interaction among three variables,which are:

A) preventive patrol, investigation, and follow-up.
B) citizens, police, and criminals.
C) urban, suburban, and rural locations.
D) victim, offender, and location.

Question 34

Which of the following is NOT one of President Bush's general policy principles that guide law enforcement personnel in dealing with terrorists?

A) only grant concessions to terrorists if U.S. citizens are held hostage and no viable alternative exists
B) bring terrorists to justice for their crimes (no matter how long it takes)
C) isolate and apply pressure on states that sponsor terrorism to force them to change their behavior
D) bolster the counterterrorist capabilities of those countries that work with the United States and require assistance

Question 35

Researchers discovered that ____ of citizens wait 5-10 minutes to call the police,which prevents police from catching the criminal at the scene.

A) 25 percent
B) 5 percent
C) 62 percent
D) 90 percent

Question 36

Following are three parts of the acronym SARA,which some community policing advocates recommend as a four-step problem-solving process.Which of the following is NOT one of the components of SARA?

A) Arrival-determining the situation's timeliness
B) Assessment-determining the solutions' effect.
C) Response-developing and implementing solutions
D) Scanning-identifying problems

Question 37

Which of the following is NOT true about the War on Drugs,at least according to its critics?

A) abuse or misuse of illegal drugs has contributed to more deaths annually than either alcohol or tobacco
B) the drug war is racist
C) the drug war is hugely expensive
D) the government has exaggerated the dangers of illegal drug use

Question 38

One of the interesting findings of foot patrol research was that foot patrol officers were better able to deal with:

A) several investigative functions, including finding DNA evidence.
B) drug dealers and gang problems, especially in urban areas.
C) minor annoyances-rowdy youths, panhandlers, and abandoned cars-that irritate citizens.
D) long-term vice cases that involved several suspects.

Question 39

A role expectation consists of the rights and responsibilities associated with a particular position in society.

Question 40

Which of the following is NOT a criticism of civil asset forfeiture laws?

A) civil asset forfeiture laws place the burden of proof on the property owner to show that the property seized was not used in a drug-related crime
B) the costs involved in a civil asset forfeiture proceeding can be prohibitively high
C) the standard of proof in civil asset forfeiture cases is too high
D) innocent owners can lose their property when someone else uses it without their permission or knowledge to commit a drug crime

Question 41

Match the following styles of policing with the behaviors listed below.Answers may be used more than once.
a.Legalistic
b.Watchman
c.Service
Most likely to be found in wealthy communities

Question 42

Field interrogations generally do not reduce crime in targeted areas.

Question 43

Sometimes a police officer's role may be simply to solve problems in the course of providing service.

Question 44

A survey has revealed that law enforcement agencies have adequate training,equipment,and staff to confront present and future incidents of cybercrime.

Question 45

In street police work,passion is the ability to use force or the recognition that force is a legitimate means of resolving conflict.

Question 46

Match the following styles of policing with the behaviors listed below.Answers may be used more than once.
a.Legalistic
b.Watchman
c.Service
Emphasis is on violations of law

Question 47

Police administrators have long referred to investigation as the backbone of the department.

Question 48

The 1972 Kansas City Preventive Patrol Experiment found that heavily patrolled streets had significantly less crime than unpatrolled streets did.

Question 49

It is believed that soon DNA from a flake of dandruff will yield a positive identification,but there will still be the need to consider mathematical probabilities.

Question 50

Referrals and diversion to community treatment agencies are more common

Question 51

Match the following styles of policing with the behaviors listed below.Answers may be used more than once.
a.Legalistic
b.Watchman
c.Service
Emphasis is on helping in the community

Question 52

Match the following styles of policing with the behaviors listed below.Answers may be used more than once.
a.Legalistic
b.Watchman
c.Service
Emphasis is on the use of threats or actual arrests to solve disputes in the community

Question 53

Large metropolitan police agencies use AFIS to identify hundreds of suspects per year.

Question 54

Match the following styles of policing with the behaviors listed below.Answers may be used more than once.
a.Legalistic
b.Watchman
c.Service
Arrest is used only as a last resort to resolve any disturbance of the peace.

Question 55

Detectives usually have the cards stacked against them,and their chances of solving crimes are low.

Question 56

In some agencies,special traffic accident investigation crews are assigned to all parking violation enforcement.

Question 57

GIS crime mapping is a technique that involves the charting of crime patterns within a geographic area.

Question 58

Match the following styles of policing with the behaviors listed below.Answers may be used more than once.
a.Legalistic
b.Watchman
c.Service
Believes that the more arrests that are made,the safer a community will be.

Question 59

Match the following styles of policing with the behaviors listed below.Answers may be used more than once.
a.Legalistic
b.Watchman
c.Service
Often found in large metropolitan areas

Question 60

Match the following styles of policing with the behaviors listed below.Answers may be used more than once.
a.Legalistic
b.Watchman
c.Service
Most commonly found in economically poorer communities

Question 61

Name the three essential and complementary components or operational strategies.

Question 62

Match the following styles of policing with the behaviors listed below.Answers may be used more than once.
a.Legalistic
b.Watchman
c.Service
Keeping the peace is the paramount concern

Question 63

Your textbook lists nine critical functions of investigators.Name five of these.

Question 64

William Muir named four styles of policing in your textbook.Name these four styles,and define them by their relation to passion and perspective.

Question 65

Name and define the four special characteristics that successful police work requires,as described in your textbook.

Question 66

Name and define James Q.Wilson's three operational styles of policing.