Deck 17: The Final Challenge: Death and Dying

Question 1

Immediately after a loved one's death._____ families may engage in Shivah,in which they withdraw from normal activities and mourn for a week.

A)Irish
B)Jewish
C)Japanese
D)Puerto Rican

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Despite the fact that Rajesh knows his friend Sorboni is dying of cancer,the next time they meet,Rajesh says,"Don't worry about it,we all know that you are going to be fine." According to Kübler-Ross,Rajesh's statement exemplifies the dying-related coping device of

A)denial
B)anger
C)bargaining
D)depression

Answer 2

A

Question 3

It is most accurate to say that biological death

A)is a single event with a clear-cut end point.
B)occurs when a person stops breathing.
C)is a process consisting of multiple events.
D)officially occurs when the heart stops beating.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Which of the following is an example of assisted suicide?

A)Instructing a terminal patient on how to mix bleach and ammonia to create a deadly gas
B)Injecting someone with a lethal dose of a drug that he or she is already taking
C)Withholding medical treatment for a chronic disorder
D)Removing someone from a respirator when brain activity is nonexistent

Question 5

Statistically,an individual born in _____ would have the shortest life expectancy.

A)Sweden
B)Japan
C)China
D)Chad

Question 6

Which of the following is true regarding life expectancies in the United States today?

A)Life expectancy for all people,regardless of race and gender,is very similar.
B)Males are generally expected to outlive females by about three years.
C)Hormonal difference may account for sex differences in life expectancy.
D)Life expectancy is not influenced socioeconomic level.

Question 7

Who is engaging in active euthanasia?

A)Adam,who is withholding pain-killing drugs from a patient
B)Shakita,who is removing a feed-tube from a patient 
C)Alonzo,who is injecting a terminally ill patient with a lethal dose of drugs
D)Rhonda,who is removing a respirator from a patient who is totally brain dead

Question 8

Based on statistics,which United States resident would you expect to have the longest lifespan?

A)Lenny,an African-American male
B)Rochelle,an African-American female
C)Gerard,a European-American male
D)Kathy,a European-American female

Question 9

Some doctors will prescribe painkillers or sleeping pills for terminally ill patients,knowing that the patient may very well deliberately take a lethal overdose.This is an example of

A)active euthanasia
B)passive euthanasia
C)fratricide
D)assisted suicide

Question 10

In the United States,the average life expectancy is currently about _____ years.

A)72
B)79
C)84
D)86

Question 11

The main purpose of a living will is to

A)make provisions for the division of property among loved ones after one's own death.
B)specify how much medical care you wish to receive if you become hopelessly ill.
C)appoint guardians to care for all living minor offspring upon one's death.
D)make active euthanasia legal for one's self.

Question 12

Kübler-Ross suggested that upon initially being told that they are going to die,most people respond with

A)denial
B)anger
C)bargaining
D)depression

Question 13

In the United States,the death of an eight-year-old child would be most likely be due to

A)cancer
B)some congenital abnormalities
C)car accident
D)child abuse

Question 14

Based on statistics,which United States resident would you expect to have the shortest lifespan?

A)Tyler,an African-American male
B)Tonya,an African-American female
C)Patrick,an European-American male
D)Ellie,an European-American female

Question 15

In the United States,there is overwhelming support among members of the general public for

A)passive euthanasia
B)assisted suicide
C)active euthanasia
D)banning euthanasia and assisted suicide.

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of passive euthanasia?

A)Giving a terminally ill patient a lethal dose of drugs
B)Permitting a terminally ill patient to give him/herself a lethal dose of drugs
C)Removing a patient who is brain dead and in an irreversible coma from a respirator
D)Smothering a terminally ill patient to death at his request

Question 17

Active euthanasia is also called

A)mercy killing.
B)assisted suicide.
C)physician-assisted suicide.
D)passive euthanasia.

Question 18

Owen and colleagues (2006)conducted research on a young woman who had been in a vegetative state for five months.When she was asked to imagine visiting rooms of her house,

A)she awakened from the vegetative state.
B)she described which rooms she was visiting.
C)her brain responded in the same manner as a healthy brain.
D)her brain showed no measurable reaction to the stimuli.

Question 19

Rosa's 70-year-old uncle Hector,who lives in the United States,just died.As a knowledgeable individual,Rosa would realize that statistically,the most likely cause of his death was

A)heart disease
B)suicide
C)cancer 
D)cerebrovascular disease

Question 20

Deanna is dying of cancer and her feeding tube was just removed by a nurse.If the goal of this action would be to have her eventually die,it is best considered

A)passive euthanasia
B)active euthanasia
C)physician-assisted suicide
D)self-inflicted suicide

Question 21

Research on the Parkes/Bowlby model demonstrated that _____ was the strongest reaction 24 months after a time of loss.

A)depression
B)disbelief
C)anger
D)acceptance

Question 22

According to the Parkes/Bowlby model of bereavement,the feelings of apathy and defeat felt in response to knowing that you will never be reunited with the deceased are most likely to initially occur during the _____ stage of bereavement.

A)yearning
B)numbness
C)reorganization
D)disorganization and despair

Question 23

In her original model,Kübler-Ross's last stage of dying involved

A)anguish over unfinished business that must be left behind.
B)depression and feelings of hopelessness.
C)anger and resentment directed toward those who will go on living.
D)peaceful acceptance of the inevitable.

Question 24

The sense of separation anxiety described in the Parkes/Bowlby attachment model of bereavement is most closely associated with the _____ reaction.

A)reorganization
B)numbness
C)yearning
D)disorganization/despair

Question 25

With regard to Kübler-Ross's theory,subsequent research on death and dying has

A)provided substantial support for her theory.
B)found that anger is not a typical reaction to death.
C)found that the dying process does not progress sequentially.
D)found that her theory holds in the United States,but not in other cultures.

Question 26

Kübler-Ross viewed the _____ stage of development as characterized by a feeling that,"the pain is gone," "the struggle is over," and "a time of rest before the journey."

A)bargaining
B)isolation
C)acceptance
D)depression

Question 27

A hope for less pain,more time,or provisions for children are most common during the _____ stage of dying.

A)isolation
B)denial
C)bargaining
D)acceptance

Question 28

After her husband dies,Carmen finds herself unable to sleep and very preoccupied with thoughts of her husband and the events surrounding his death.Carmen is best described as experiencing what Parkes/Bowlby referred to as

A)yearning
B)numbness
C)reorganization
D)disorganization and despair

Question 29

Frieda has been told she is going to die due to an inoperable brain tumor.Her children are young,and she cannot stand the thought of leaving them behind.All day long,she thinks over and over again,"I hate those doctors for not finding this sooner." Frieda appears to be in the _____ stage of dying.

A)denial
B)bargaining
C)anger
D)depression

Question 30

Grief is best defined as

A)the emotional response to loss.
B)culturally accepted ways of reacting to loss.
C)the process of dealing with the deceased's remains.
D)a status of being without.

Question 31

Lawrence just found out that his best friend was killed in a car accident.Lawrence's emotional state would best be described as one of shock,and he feels like his emotions will burst out of him at any moment.Parkes/Bowlby would most likely describe his grief state in terms of

A)reorganization
B)numbness
C)yearning
D)disorganization/despair

Question 32

Allen's wife died almost one year ago.For a long period,he experienced overwhelming emotional turmoil.In the past few weeks,however,he seems to have pulled himself together and started to make the transition into being a widower.According to the Parkes/Bowlby model,Allen is best classified as now being in a state of

A)yearning
B)numbness
C)reorganization
D)disorganization and despair

Question 33

Shneidman's work in the area of death and dying suggests that

A)it is more normal to remain depressed than to reach acceptance toward the end of the dying process.
B)there is a distinct sequence of stages that people pass through with regard to the acceptance of death.
C)dying people experience myriad emotional responses,with many unpredictable ups and downs.
D)the cause of death has little impact on one's reaction to the dying process.

Question 34

Nine-year-old Sarah died from cancer.Her teacher and her classmates made black armbands to wear for a month following her death.Due to the fact that in Sarah's culture,the wearing of black is common following a death,wearing the armbands best illustrates the concept of

A)bargaining
B)depression
C)grief
D)mourning

Question 35

In Kübler-Ross's original model,the reaction of denial and isolation is followed by the reaction of

A)acceptance
B)anger
C)bargaining
D)depression

Question 36

Sylvia has terminal cancer.After years of very irregular church attendance,Sylvia begins to go to church every Sunday.She asks of God,"Please let me live to see my daughter graduate from college.I'll be a good Christian.I'll mend my ways.Just let me live..." This description indicates that Sylvia is in the _____ stage of dying.

A)anger
B)bargaining
C)denial
D)depression

Question 37

According to the dual-process model,the bereaved

A)are typically both happy and sad.
B)oscillate between coping and taking a break from coping.
C)experience physical stress but not emotional stress.
D)can be in a state of acceptance and denial at the same time.

Question 38

The Parkes/Bowlby model of bereavement suggests that

A)a grieving adult is much like an infant who is experiencing separation anxiety.
B)there is a series of clear-cut stages one passes through in mourning one's loss
C)grief that lasts much longer than six months is maladaptive.
D)longing to have the loved one return becomes most intense about one year following death.

Question 39

Khalid has just found out that his friend Jason is terminally ill.This has made him feel sad and lonely at the thought of living life without his pal.Khalid's feelings best represent the concept of

A)bargaining
B)anticipatory grief
C)denial and isolation
D)maturational grief.

Question 40

According to Kübler-Ross,a sense of _____ permeates through all five stages of the dying process.

A)resentment
B)uncertainty
C)hope
D)fear

Question 41

_____ grief is not fully recognized by others and is generally harder to cope with than other forms of grief.

A)Anticipatory
B)Disenfranchised
C)Chronic
D)Finality

Question 42

Three months after her mother died,13-month-old Jessica,who initially searched everywhere for her mom and then appeared very sad,has now taken a renewed interest in playing with her toys and interaction with new people.Bowlby would suggest that Jessica is in the _____ phase of bereavement.

A)protest
B)detachment
C)despair
D)complicated

Question 43

Tenisha was not that upset at her grandfather's funeral because,as she puts it,"It's okay.We can see him when he gets better tomorrow." Tenisha's statement indicates that she lacks an understanding of both the _____ aspects of death.

A)finality and irreversibility
B)irreversibility and universality
C)universality and biological causality
D)biological and psychological causality

Question 44

Despite the fact that her son died 10 years ago,Helena has such an intense yearning to have him back alive that she is unable to keep a job.This description indicates that Helena is best classified as experiencing _____ grief.

A)complicated
B)disenfranchised
C)palliative
D)anticipatory

Question 45

Diane's friend recently lost her mother and has been acting depressed or irritable.If Diane follows the typical response pattern with her friend,she will

A)sympathize,and later grow weary.
B)sympathize,and later become more attached to her friend.
C)be unsympathetic,but later become more attached to her friend.
D)be unsympathetic,but later become sympathetic.

Question 46

The best predictor for depression four years after the death of a spouse is having

A)cohabitated prior to the death of the spouse
B)lived with a spouse who had a long,chronic ailment
C)been depressed prior to the death of the spouse 
D)failed to actively engage in grief work

Question 47

After her husband died,Talat focused a great deal of her attention on learning how to take care of the garden,a task formerly performed by her deceased husband.Her actions represent _____ coping.

A)anticipatory
B)restoration-oriented
C)complicated
D)loss-oriented

Question 48

Which of the following is true regarding the loss of a child?

A)Parents tend to become overly concerned about the surviving siblings and offer them too much support.
B)The younger the child is at the time of death,the more difficult it is for parents to cope with the loss.
C)The inability to make sense of the loss increases the intensity of the grief.
D)Couples with strained marriages before the death tend to form stronger partnerships.

Question 49

What can we conclude regarding an infant's experience of death?

A)Infants who have developed an understanding of here vs.all gone may show some of the same reactions that adults do in response to loss of an attachment figure.
B)Most infants understand that death means that life processes stop,but they believe that it can be undone or reversed.
C)Infants are biologically programmed to show grief responses to the loss of a caretaker,regardless of the age of the infant.
D)Infants who show separation protest and depression-like symptoms have clearly demonstrated that they have an accurate cognitive understanding of death.

Question 50

Which statement represents an understanding of the most cognitively challenging aspect of death?

A)"The dead cannot see you from beyond."
B)"Once dead,always dead."
C)"Everyone eventually dies."
D)"You can die from something invisible inside of you."

Question 51

Research on widowers and widows has indicated that a common cognitive grief reaction is

A)overindulgence in alcohol
B)loss of appetite
C)impaired memory
D)sleep disturbances

Question 52

As a typical seven-year-old,Tommy likely understands the basics of every death concept EXCEPT

A)finality.
B)irreversibility.
C)continuing bonds.
D)biological causality.

Question 53

Which of the following is true regarding the difference between a young child's and an adolescent's understanding of death?

A)Adolescents are more likely than younger children to think about the possibility of an afterlife.
B)Adolescents are less likely than younger children to think about the abstract meaning of death.
C)Adolescents are less likely than younger children to say that death was the result of cessation of biological processes.
D)Adolescents are more likely than younger children to view death as just a biological ending of life.

Question 54

Bowlby suggested that the order of infant bereavement is

A)protest to despair to detachment.
B)protest to detachment to despair.
C)despair to protest to detachment.
D)despair to detachment to protest.

Question 55

Preschool-aged children who are dying are most likely to

A)stop engaging in normal activities with their peers.
B)engage in violent pretend play out of frustration.
C)talk a great deal about their feelings regarding death.
D)give away their belongings.

Question 56

Telling a young child that death is like "going to sleep" is

A)a good way to protect him or her from the brutality of death.
B)a good way to help him or her understand that death happens to everyone.
C)likely to contribute to his or her misconception that death is a temporary state.
D)likely to lead to a more mature conception of why people die.

Question 57

Following the death of her husband,Latisha shows a consistent pattern of low levels of distress.Latisha's reactions best fit the _____ pattern of adjustment.

A)common
B)chronic
C)resilient
D)depressed

Question 58

Twelve-year-old Marcus and his four-year-old brother Taye recently experienced the death of their mother.How are their reactions to this loss most likely to differ?

A)Taye is less likely to throw temper tantrums.
B)Taye is less likely to manifest toileting difficulties.
C)Marcus is more likely to show disturbances in his eating behavior.
D)Marcus is more likely to find comfort by imagining his mother.

Question 59

Who is best demonstrating an understanding of the universality of death?

A)James,who says,"My grandpa died and never came back."
B)Chung,who says,"You can die from cancer that is inside of you."
C)Lisa,who says,"Everything that lives dies."
D)Marisol,who says,"Machines cannot die."

Question 60

Why is death of a grandchild considered a "double whammy" for grandparents?

A)They feel guilt about the loss of a grandchild and helpless to protect their adult child from pain.
B)They tend to bear the major financial responsibility for the burial and for assisting their adult children with their bills.
C)The death of the grandchild and age of their adult children remind them of the short time they have left on earth.
D)It represents both a social and personal loss.

Question 61

What research finding on the grief-work perspective has the most support?

A)That grief is very similar across cultures
B)That individuals must experience painful emotions in order to cope successfully
C)That grief tends to be delayed
D)That too much ruminating may prolong psychological distress 

Question 62

What lies at the foundation of the "right to die" perspective?

A)legal issues
B)self-control
C)pain avoidance
D)spiritual needs

Question 63

Even though Carly's husband Freddie died four years ago,she continues to feel his presence and works hard at her job to "make him proud." Carly's behavior best exemplifies the concept of

A)disenfranchised grief
B)palliative care
C)anticipatory grief
D)continuing bonds

Question 64

Which statement concerning bereavement programs is true?

A)Most bereaved individuals need psychological interventions to help them cope.
B)A past history of depression does not increase the risk of depression in a bereaved individual.
C)Family therapy can help bereaved parents and children communicate more openly.
D)Support groups are effective for those dealing with the death of a spouse,but ineffective for those dealing with the death of a child.

Question 65

Graciela is in third grade and has terminal cancer.She is a bright girl and knows that she will not live to see the fourth grade.What does Graciela most want?

A)new experiences
B)a sense of security
C)fun with friends
D)to look healthy

Question 66

Research suggests that for an adult,the loss of a parent is

A)more difficult to deal with for women than for men
B)upsetting,but in some ways expected and therefore tends to be easier to deal with than the death of a child or of a spouse.
C)typically the most difficult type of loss with which to cope.
D)characterized by anger but not guilt.

Question 67

Which of the following concepts causes the most uncertainty and controversy regarding coma and brain death?

A)reflex
B)dreaming
C)respiration
D)awareness

Question 68

Compared to historical precedent and the practices of other cultures,Americans tend to ________ death.

A)revere
B)ignore
C)deny
D)accept

Question 69

Across time and humanity,feeling sad over the death of someone has been ________.

A)common
B)private
C)universal
D)shunned

Question 70

The basic philosophy of a hospice is best summarized as one of

A)"active euthanasia."
B)"curing."
C)"caring."
D)"institutionalization of death."

Question 71

A conservative politician would likely support laws that require ________ as the final determinant of human death.

A)heart cessation
B)total brain death
C)brain stem death
D)brain cortex death

Question 72

A major difference between hospice care and hospital care for dying individuals is that

A)pain control is emphasized more in the hospital setting.
B)prolonging life is emphasized more in the hospice care setting.
C)the presence of family members is more strongly encouraged in the hospital setting.
D)a more homelike setting of care is emphasized in the hospice care setting.

Question 73

An individual taking a strong _____ perspective would be most likely to suggest that in order to cope with the death of a husband,a wife must confront their loss and detach from her husband.

A)grief-work
B)disenfranchised grief
C)anticipatory grief
D)damage theory

Question 74

What does the Midwest Medical Center likely use to determine whether a patient is dead?

A)palpation tests,to measure reflex response
B)an EKG machine,to measure heart function
C)blood tests,to measure key protein levels
D)an EEG machine,to measure brain function

Question 75

Ronald and Jayne are trying to figure out how to help their young son Ian understand the death of Jayne's parents in a plane crash,as they were very close with their grandchild.Which of the following strategies would be LEAST effective in helping Ian understand what happened?

A)comparing it to the death of his pet hamster
B)telling him about the peacefulness of death
C)waiting for him to ask specific questions
D)telling him that Gram and Grampy are sleeping

Question 76

Owen's research using an fMRI with a woman in a vegetative state raises an intriguing new concept of being 

A)lucidly dead
B)mentally alive
C)passively lucid
D)spiritually aware

Question 77

Hospice programs are based on the idea that

A)drugs for controlling pain are given freely.
B)doctors are the "experts" when it comes to dying.
C)families have no place in death counseling.
D)never stop attempting to cure a terminally ill person.

Question 78

According to the grief-work perspective,in order to cope with death,a bereaved individual must

A)move toward a detachment from the deceased.
B)avoid directly confronting loss.
C)take some responsibility for the death of the loved one.
D)avoid experiencing painful emotions.

Question 79

Palliative care is best summarized as involving

A)direct attempts by medical professionals to cure disease.
B)meeting physical,psychological,and social needs of patients with incurable illness.
C)being provided in traditional hospitals but not in hospice facilities.
D)recognizing that the dying and their family members are experts.

Question 80

A hospital patient who has been diagnosed with brain death only in the cerebral cortex is more likely to have the capacity to do which of the following?

A)think
B)speak
C)swallow
D)signal