Deck 7: Vitamins and Minerals: Micronutrients With Macro Powers

Question 1

In 1906,F.G.Hopkins first called vitamins and minerals:

A)essential substances.
B)essential factors.
C)nutrients.
D)accessory factors.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Which of the following is classified as a trace mineral?

A)calcium
B)sodium
C)iron
D)potassium

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Genetics plays a role in determining the actual required intake of vitamins and minerals.What term is used to denote the science that blends the study of human nutrition with genetics?

A)nutrigenetics
B)genetic-nutrition
C)nutrigenomics
D)genetically modified foods

Answer 3

C

Question 4

A deficiency in which vitamin causes the disease beriberi?

A)niacin
B)thiamin
C)cobalamin
D)ascorbic acid

Question 5

Your friend is trying to decide if her diet provides adequate amounts of vitamins and minerals and whether she needs to take supplements.Which guideline below would best help her make a sound decision?

A)Eat the nutrient,not the food.
B)Eat food: not too much,mostly plants.
C)Eat refined,enriched foods to provide state-of-the-art nutrition.
D)Eat high on the food chain.

Question 6

Which of the following minerals is linked with type 2 diabetes?

A)iron
B)magnesium
C)zinc
D)chromium

Question 7

How many water-soluble vitamins are essential for human health?

A)2
B)5
C)7
D)9

Question 8

You are reading a label and the ingredients list includes pyridoxine as an additive.Which vitamin has been added to this food?

A)vitamin A
B)vitamin C
C)vitamin B₆
D)vitamin B₁₂

Question 9

Which vitamin is categorized as a member of the K-vitamin "umbrella"?

A)potassium
B)phylloquinone
C)cholecalciferol
D)retinol

Question 10

Which of the following decreases the absorption of zinc and iron?

A)oxalic acid
B)vitamin C
C)lactose
D)dietary fat

Question 11

Which vitamin was discovered first?

A)vitamin A
B)vitamin B₁₂
C)vitamin C
D)vitamin K

Question 12

The most common cause of vitamin toxicity is from:

A)overconsumption of nutritional supplements.
B)overconsumption of carrots.
C)overapplication of vitamin A cream for acne.
D)overconsumption of cod liver oil.

Question 13

One of the primary differences between vitamins and minerals is that:

A)minerals are essential and vitamins are not.
B)minerals are inorganic and vitamins are organic.
C)minerals are large molecules and vitamins are small molecules.
D)minerals are organic and vitamins are inorganic.

Question 14

Which water-soluble vitamin can be stored by the body?

A)vitamin C
B)thiamin
C)riboflavin
D)vitamin B₁₂

Question 15

What chemical changes does the body make to thiamin and B₆ so that the vitamins can carry out their essential roles?

A)Two hydroxyl groups are added to the vitamins.
B)Two hydroxyl groups are removed from the vitamins.
C)A phosphate group is added to the vitamins.
D)A phosphate group is removed from the vitamins.

Question 16

Which of the following is TRUE about iron?

A)Iron is a major mineral.
B)Iron is an organic molecule.
C)Heme iron is more easily absorbed.
D)Non-heme iron is more easily absorbed.

Question 17

Which of the following is classified as a major mineral?

A)zinc
B)iodine
C)selenium
D)sulfur

Question 18

Which of the following are classified as micronutrients?

A)vitamins
B)water
C)fat
D)protein

Question 19

In the early 1900s,Japanese children who did not consume fish developed a form of blindness.Which vitamin were they deficient in?

A)vitamin A
B)vitamin D
C)vitamin C
D)vitamin E

Question 20

Vitamin supplements may be harmful.Which supplement,when taken in high doses,has been associated with increased risk of osteoporosis and bone fractures in older adults?

A)vitamin A
B)vitamin B₃
C)vitamin B₁₂
D)vitamin D

Question 21

Non-heme iron is better absorbed if combined with a vitamin C-containing food.

Question 22

The human body absorbs 100% of the minerals that enter our digestive tract.

Question 23

In general,the fat-soluble vitamins are stored in adipose tissue.

Question 24

We need to consume more than 100 mg of trace minerals per day.

Question 25

Minerals are inorganic.

Question 26

The fat-soluble vitamins are A,B,E,and K.

Question 27

Vitamin D must be activated before the body cells can use it.

Question 28

Vitamins A and D are the most toxic fat-soluble vitamins.

Question 29

Menaquinone is a form of vitamin B.

Question 30

The calcium found in the supplement form calcium citrate-malate is not absorbed as well as the calcium found in dairy sources.