Deck 15: Personality Psychopathology

Question 1

Dr.Salizar says, "People with these disorders function well enough so that they may not need therapy and they rarely seek help themselves.However, their patterns of behavior are longstanding and are so rigid that they greatly impair their social functioning or cause subjective distress." Dr.Salizar is most likely describing ____.

A)anxiety disorders
B)impulse control disorders
C)somatoform disorders
D)personality disorders

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Felix has been diagnosed with major depression.His psychologist has noted that he also demonstrates inflexible and maladaptive traits that impair his interpersonal functioning.According to the DSM-IV, which of the following statements concerning Felix is accurate?

A)Felix will probably be assigned Axis I and Axis III diagnoses.
B)Felix will probably be assigned Axis I and Axis IV diagnoses.
C)Felix will probably be assigned Axis II and Axis IV diagnoses.
D)Felix will probably be assigned Axis I and Axis II diagnoses.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Dr.Drake has diagnosed a person with a personality disorder using the DSM-V criteria.We can assume that the ____

A)diagnosis is based on ratings on the levels of personality functioning scale, personality disorder types, and personality trait domains
B)diagnosis made was incremental; that is, the individual was rated as having mild to severe forms of a disorder
C)diagnosed person's symptoms began after the age of 18
D)diagnosed person's symptoms affect other people but not necessarily the individual or his or her social and occupational functioning

Answer 3

A

Question 4

A personality disorder diagnosis represents a(n)____.

A)temporary disruptions in the ability to function normally
B)inflexible, long-standing, and maladaptive personality that causes significant functional impairment, subjective distress, or combinations of both for the individual
C)child or adolescent disorder
D)medical condition

Question 5

Research on the inheritance of personality traits suggests that ____.

A)heredity predicts personality but only in situations where twins are reared in the same family environment
B)the contributions of heredity and environment are extremely complex
C)heredity is unimportant but living in the same family environment is strongly related to personality similarity
D)heredity predicts personality but not personality disorders

Question 6

In his study of personality disorders, Armand is likely to find that ____.

A)personality disorders are one of the most common reasons that individuals seek psychotherapy
B)diagnosing personality disorders is difficult
C)personality disorders are relatively uncommon in the general population
D)it is more common for men than for women to be diagnosed with personality disorders

Question 7

Which of the following is a weaknesses that has been identified in using a sole categorical approach to diagnosing personality disorders as in the DSM-IV Axis II category?

A)Some of the personality disorders lack a research base so it is not unusual for a person to meet criteria for an excessive number of personality disorders.
B)Diagnosticians show low reliability in being able to diagnose whether a client has a personality disorder
C)Personality disorders seem to be based on professional opinion
D)The boundaries used to determine normal personality features makes it too difficult to distinguish between appropriate and pathological levels of personality traits

Question 8

While Penny is undergoing chemotherapy to treat her leukemia, she depends totally on her daughter to care for her, drive her to appointments, do her shopping, cleaning, and other household chores.According to the DSM-IV, does Penny meet the criteria for dependent personality disorder?

A)Yes, because she is dependent on others and is unable to take care of her own responsibilities.
B)No, not if the dependence is a temporary condition.
C)The answer would depend on whether one takes a categorical or taxometric approach to diagnosing personality disorders.
D)No, Penny appears to exhibit traits of avoidant personality disorder, not dependent personality disorder.

Question 9

Dr.Smith specializes in working with clients who have personality disorders.According to the DSM-V, to make a diagnosis, his clients must have which of the following?

A)impairment or problem that is unstable across time and situation
B)the presence of another mental disorder or a general medical condition
C)limited functioning that may be restricted to a specific episode of physical illness
D)significant impairment or adaptive failure in the client's sense of self and his/her ability to engage ineffective interpersonal functioning.

Question 10

Murray is diagnosed with a distinct personality disorder type.Which of the following behavior clusters is likely to characterize Murray, because it is one of the five personality disorder types in the DSM-V?

A)He is emotional and dramatic, often acting erratically.
B)He shows impulsive actions that result in tension release.
C)He shows unwarranted suspiciousness and reluctance to trust others.
D)He lacks self-confidence and is subordinate to whom he depends.

Question 11

Culture and ethnicity present challenges for diagnosing personality disorders because ____.

A)in their effort to avoid being culturally biased, therapists could miss certain symptoms
B)expressions of personality in one culture may differ from those in another culture
C)there is so much overlap in cultural norms around the world that it's difficult to tease out cultural factors from symptoms.
D)it is difficult to determine if diagnostic differences are due to biases in making diagnosis or to actual cultural differences

Question 12

Which of the following is a dimension of traits that is used to identify a personality disorder?

A)intelligence
B)agreeableness
C)impulsivity
D)compulsivity

Question 13

One reason that a diagnosis of personality disorders is challenging to make is ____.

A)the symptoms are subtle.
B)they create so much stigma for clients that most therapists don't want to diagnose them
C)people with personality disorders often seek out therapy for other problems, which confounds diagnosis
D)culture, ethnicity, and social background may lead to biases in diagnosis

Question 14

Women are more likely than men to be diagnosed with which personality disorder?

A)antisocial
B)borderline
C)obsessive-compulsive
D)schizotypal

Question 15

Nguyen is writing a report on the personality disorder that has been studied most thoroughly, which is ____.

A)antisocial personality disorder
B)borderline personality disorder
C)obsessive-compulsive personality disorder
D)dependent personality disorder

Question 16

The two diagnostic paths in the DSM-V for personality disorders are ____ and ____.

A)personality trait domains; personality disorder types
B)Axis I; Axis II
C)introversion; borderline
D)cognitions; behaviors

Question 17

Consider an adult whose pattern of personality traits is quite inflexible and has been stable since adolescence.The person's behavior does not reflect another disorder and causes neither subjective distress nor impairments in social functioning.Can the person be diagnosed with a personality disorder?

A)Yes, the pattern of traits must simply begin in adolescence.
B)No, there must be an impairment in the capacity for effective functioning.
C)No, the personality pattern must reflect another disorder.
D)Yes, the pattern of traits must simply be inflexible and stable.

Question 18

____ disorders are characterized by inflexible, longstanding, and maladaptive personality traits that cause significant functional impairment, subjective distress, or a combination of both.

A)Impulse control
B)Anxiety
C)Personality
D)Somatoform

Question 19

According to available statistics, what is the lifetime prevalence of personality disorders?

A)2-6%
B)9-13%
C)13-19%
D)20-25%

Question 20

Professor Sue says, "DSM-V criteria for diagnosing psychological disorders are based on a categorical-continuum of traits hybrid model.Of the 10 personality disorders identified by the DSM-IV, only five seem to be categorical in nature.Thus, a person may be diagnosed with a personality disorder if they match a categorical type.If you have enough degree of match with certain traits then you have the disorder." Researchers have found that the one personality disorder that fits this categorical classification is ____.

A)paranoid personality disorder
B)borderline personality disorder
C)narcissistic personality disorder
D)histrionic personality disorder

Question 21

Dr.Abdul says, "My client has feelings of inferiority that must be denied.Therefore, he devalues others and thinks himself superior to everyone else.Our therapy sessions are monologues where he recounts his successes and everyone else's stupidity.And yet if I interrupt even once, he takes great offense." Dr.Abdul's client was assessed on a scaled continuum as "extremely descriptive" on which of the following personality disorder trait domains?

A)antagonism
B)borderline
C)schizotypy
D)negative emotionality

Question 22

Shawn is diagnosed with schizotypal personality disorder.Research would suggest that his family ____.

A)abused him when he was a child
B)is full of men with antisocial personality disorder
C)includes some people with schizophrenia
D)engaged in substance abuse and comes from the lower socioeconomic classes

Question 23

DSM-V uses a rating system to describe a personality disorder trait domain of a client.Thus, rather than considering the existence of a schizoid personality disorder diagnosis for a client, it is more accurate to describe that person as possessing varying degrees of personality traits associated with social withdrawal, social detachment, intimacy avoidance, and so forth that can ____.

A)be assessed on a scaled continuum
B)fit into a specific category
C)treated with medication and psychoanalysis
D)better be accounted for a mood disorder

Question 24

Dr.Williamson says, "The central feature of this personality disorder is extreme changes in mood leading to stormy interpersonal relationships.Chronic feelings of emptiness and boredom may lead to suicidal gestures.Women are three times more likely to be diagnosed than men." The disorder being described is ____.

A)avoidant personality disorder
B)obsessive-compulsive personality disorder
C)borderline personality disorder
D)antisocial personality disorder

Question 25

Vagueness, digressions, and odd ideas are key symptoms in ____

A)schizotypy trait domain
B)antisocial personality disorder
C)obsessive-compulsive personality disorder
D)schizotypal personality disorder

Question 26

The DSM-V uses a hybrid approach in conceptualizing personality disorders.Some disorders are more ____ in nature whereas others are better described ____.

A)categorical; on a continuum
B)itemized; as dimensional
C)Axis I; on Axis II
D)psychoanalytic; as cognitive-behavioral

Question 27

Deena received a "extremely descriptive" rating for the antagonism personality trait domain as identified in the DSM-V.She is attention-seeking and egocentric.She displays little emotion but is charming.What part of Deena's personality profile is unusual?

A)It is unusual for those with the antagonism personality trait to be charming.
B)It is unusual for those with the antagonism personality trait to display little emotion.
C)It is unusual for those with the antagonism personality trait to be attention-seekers.
D)It is unusual for those with the antagonism personality trait to be egocentric.

Question 28

A man is described as lacking in empathy, exploitative of others, arrogant, exaggerated in his own sense of self-importance, and constantly overestimating his talents and power over others.This description best reflects which personality disorder type or personality disorder trait domain?

A)borderline
B)obsessive-compulsive
C)introversion
D)antagonism

Question 29

Which of the following statements is most likely to come from an individual with a high degree of match or "extremely descriptive: on the schizotypy trait domain continuum?

A)"I have sometimes had the feeling that I was designed for greatness and that it is just a matter of time before others realize my superiority."
B)"I have sometimes had the feeling that my dead grandmother is watching me."
C)"I have sometimes had the feeling that others are spying on me and are out to get me."
D)"I have sometimes had the feeling that my body is my greatest attribute and should be shown off to the fullest extent."

Question 30

Which of the following characterizes the disinhibition trait domain?

A)impulsivity, distractibility, recklessness, irresponsibility
B)perfectionism, perseveration, rigidity, orderliness, risk aversion
C)unusual perceptions, unusual beliefs, eccentricity, cognitive dysregulation
D)callousness, manipulativeness, grandiose narcissism, histrionism, hostility

Question 31

Which childhood intervention has been found to reduce the incidence of schizotypal personality disorder and symptoms later in life?

A)psychodynamic family therapy
B)early environmental enrichment
C)cognitive-behavioral therapy focusing on skills training
D)person-centered therapy

Question 32

One way to differentiate the schizotypy trait dimension from the schizotypal personality type is on the basis of thoughts, because the ____.

A)schizotypal is more likely to have delusions and hallucinations
B)schizotypy is more likely to have odd thoughts
C)schizotypy is more likely to be obsessed with perfectionism and details
D)schizotypal is more likely to think that others are out to get him or her

Question 33

The treatment of choice for persons suffering from borderline personality disorder is ____.

A)dialectical behavior therapy (DBT)
B)medication
C)a combination of psychotherapy and medication
D)joining a support group

Question 34

Which statement about borderline personality disorder is accurate?

A)Individuals with borderline personality disorder exhibit a strong sense of purpose.
B)Individuals with borderline personality disorder never experience auditory hallucinations.
C)Most of the literature about borderline personality disorder comes from the cognitive-behavioral perspective.
D)Biological factors may be responsible for the emotional volatility observed in individuals with borderline personality disorder.

Question 35

A psychologist is interviewing a refugee to this country who is unfamiliar with the majority culture here.In his former country, this person was spied on by the government and was the victim of robberies and assaults.Which personality disorder type or personality trait domain description must the psychologist be most cautious about identifying in diagnosis?

A)borderline
B)obsessive-compulsive
C)negative emotionality
D)schizotypal

Question 36

"My neighbor is suspicious of everyone, always holds grudges, and is hypersensitive to any criticism.He is moody, trusts no one, and he never changes his mind.His wife says he has always been this way." What DSM-V personality type or personality trait description does this best illustrate?

A)paranoid
B)schizoid
C)borderline
D)compulsive

Question 37

Research shows the strongest genetic relationship between schizophrenia and which personality disorder type or personality disorder trait domain?

A)schizotypal
B)schizotypy
C)borderline
D)avoidant

Question 38

The key feature of borderline personality disorder is ____.

A)shifts from normal to psychotic functioning
B)intense fluctuations in mood, self-image, and interpersonal relationships
C)a tendency to have paranoid delusions that are identical to those of schizophrenics
D)demanding uncritical acceptance by authorities but needing criticism from family members

Question 39

Albert, who is 25, lacks affection and is unwilling to participate in family activities.He has few hobbies other than building model airplanes, surfing the Internet on his computer, and reading.He has been withdrawn-but not depressed-since childhood, not really wanting to be in a relationship with anyone.He has no "strange" ideas, nor does he engage in "strange" behavior.Albert best illustrates which personality disorder type or personality disorder trait domain description?

A)schizotypal
B)avoidant
C)schizotypy
D)antisocial

Question 40

People are often attracted to Christine because she is flamboyant and emotionally very expressive.She rarely, however, develops any long-term relationships, because people experience her as shallow and self-centered.What personality disorder or trait description would Christine most likely be considered with her diagnosis?

A)obsessive-compulsive
B)antagonism
C)schizotypy
D)antisocial

Question 41

A senior psychology major wants to do a research project on people with antisocial personality disorder who currently are in treatment.She asks her adviser if it will be easy to find subjects.Her adviser states that ____.

A)"it will be hard because antisocial is the rarest form of personality disorder"
B)"it will be hard because all antisocial personalities are in prison"
C)"it will be easy because antisocial personalities are willing research subjects and are commonly in treatment"
D)"it will be hard because antisocial personalities rarely seek treatment and will not be sincere subjects"

Question 42

Object splitting and faulty self-identity are two of the explanations for which personality disorder?

A)antisocial
B)obsessive-compulsive
C)avoidant
D)borderline

Question 43

The incidence of antisocial personality disorder is estimated to be ____ in the United States.

A)1-2%
B)2-3%
C)3-4%
D)4-5%

Question 44

Which of the following is one of the factors typically associated with antisocial personality disorder?

A)an overly anxious demeanor
B)loyalty
C)an impulsive and irresponsible behavioral style
D)frequently convicted of crimes

Question 45

"They crave attention but are hypersensitive to potential rejection.They fantasize about relationships but live the loner's life." Which personality disorder is being described?

A)borderline personality disorder
B)antisocial personality disorder
C)schizotypal personality disorder
D)avoidant personality disorder

Question 46

Those who would be identified by the DSM-IV with a dependent personality disorder would be described in terms of what personality traits according to the DSM-V?

A)submissiveness, anxiousness, and separation insecurity
B)emotional liability and histrionism
C)grandiosity, manipulativeness, and callousness
D)intimacy avoidance, hostility, and unusual beliefs

Question 47

Willie is in prison for murdering a motorist whose car he stole so Willie could take a joy ride.Bill has never been convicted of a crime.Both are diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder and have many traits in common.On which trait are they most likely to differ?

A)Bill is more likely than Willie to feel a sense of remorse for his misdeeds.
B)Bill is more likely than Willie to be in therapy.
C)Bill probably has achieved a higher level of education than Willie.
D)Bill probably has a lower level of education than Willie.

Question 48

Which conceptualization of antisocial personality disorder includes characteristics of good intelligence, shallow emotions, little life plan, failure to learn from experiences and absence of anxiety?

A)Cleckley's
B)J.C.Prichard's
C)Cooke and Michie's
D)Hare and Neumann's

Question 49

Esther and Emily both lack self-confidence.Esther is fearful of criticism, so she keeps apart from others.Emily is unwilling to assume responsibility, so she stays in relationships with men who control her life.According to the DSM-V, Esther is ____, while Emily is ____.

A)antagonistic; borderline
B)avoidant; negative emotionally
C)avoidant; borderline
D)antagonistic; negative emotionally

Question 50

One characteristic of the antisocial personality found in Cleckley's list of symptoms but not in the DSM-IV-TR criteria for the disorder is ____.

A)criminality
B)irritability
C)lack of remorse
D)superficial charm

Question 51

According to Beck, a cognitive explanation for borderline personality disorder should emphasize ____.

A)that the object splitting that occurred in the person's childhood
B)that the person's beliefs that the world is dangerous and he or she is powerless and unacceptable
C)that the person's inability to label emotions accurately
D)two factors: autonomic arousal and imitation of models whose emotions were poorly controlled

Question 52

A mental health center is planning a prevention program to reduce the number of people with antisocial personality disorder.Which population should they target?

A)young men from rural areas
B)female high school students
C)shy people with low self-esteem
D)poor, urban males

Question 53

Carl is diagnosed as having antisocial personality disorder.He tends to be loyal to his friends but exploits others.He is witty and articulate and lies with great skill.What aspect of Carl's case is unusual for someone with an antisocial personality?

A)People with antisocial personalities are rarely loyal to anyone.
B)People with antisocial personalities tend to withdraw from people, not exploit them.
C)People with antisocial personalities tend to be women.
D)People with antisocial personalities are rarely witty and articulate.

Question 54

Charlene's parents have been concerned about her for quite some time.After her recent suicide attempt, they sought professional help.They told the therapist that Charlene often goes into uncontrollable rages for no apparent reason.She has intense fluctuations in her mood, self-image, and interpersonal relationship, being extremely friendly one minute, then mean and hostile the next.She sometimes hears voices, although she's aware they are imaginary. What is the most likely diagnosis for Charlene?

A)schizotypal personality disorder
B)avoidant personality disorder
C)borderline personality disorder
D)schizophrenia

Question 55

Chuck has no life plan; he simply lives from minute to minute.He can charm and manipulate others with skill.Although he has often been punished for lying and exploiting others, he neither learns from the experience nor feels anxiety or guilt.Chuck most likely has which of the following personality disorders?

A)antisocial
B)borderline
C)obsessive-compulsive
D)avoidant

Question 56

Janice complains that her husband, Arnie, is a workaholic.Arnie is so focused on productivity at work that he rarely has time for her or the children.Furthermore, she knows that he has missed important deadlines recently and cannot understand how this is possible, given the number of hours he works.When Arnie is at home, he is demanding and controlling and angry at Janice if things are not done to his specifications.What personality disorder type or trait domain would Arnie most likely be exhibiting?

A)obsessive-compulsive
B)antisocial
C)schizotypy
D)antagonism

Question 57

A patient who avoids responsibility, is submissive, unable to make decisions, and in need of constant reassurance from others would be diagnosed with ____.

A)exhibiting negative emotionality personality traits
B)avoidant personality disorder
C)exhibiting antagonism personality traits
D)antisocial personality disorder

Question 58

Carol spends most of her time at home with her parents.She wants to join the other students at school functions, but she is afraid she will do something inappropriate, resulting in embarrassment and rejection.Carol most likely would be diagnosed with which personality disorder?

A)antisocial
B)obsessive-compulsive
C)avoidant
D)schizotypal

Question 59

What is the relationship between OCPD and OCD?

A)They are both characterized by the presence of obsessions.
B)They have similar names.
C)They are both characterized by a preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and control.
D)Individuals with both disorders recognize that their obsessive thoughts are irrational.

Question 60

A research psychologist wanted to study people with a particular personality disorder.She placed advertisements in newspapers that asked, "Are you adventurous? Do you lead an exciting, impulsive life? If you are the kind of person who'd do almost anything for a dare, send your name..." The researcher was interested in people with which personality disorder?

A)antisocial
B)schizotypal
C)borderline
D)intermittent explosive

Question 61

A social-services agency manager who is interested in stopping delinquency read Loeber's (1990)review of research on the predictors of antisocial behavior in children.Consequently, she decided to invest most of her energies in ____.

A)giving children more freedom
B)improving the quality of parental supervision
C)convincing parents to be more expressive with their children, even when they feel hostile
D)increasing the socioeconomic status of parents

Question 62

People with antisocial personality disorder ____.

A)hardly ever lie
B)exhibit better-than-average perceptions about other people
C)most likely come from low-income families
D)have highly effective social skills

Question 63

Psychopaths are high in what Zuckerman calls ____.People with this trait want to seek adventures and thrills, are disinhibited, and are susceptible to boredom.

A)openness to experience
B)Big T's
C)impulsive unsocialized sensation seeking
D)thrill-seeking behaviors

Question 64

"Low arousal leads to the thrill-seeking behavior we see in antisocial personality disorder." This statement best reflects which explanation of the disorder?

A)autonomic nervous system abnormality
B)genetic
C)family and socialization
D)central nervous system abnormality

Question 65

A psychiatrist says, "People with antisocial personality disorder fail to learn from past experience despite the criticism of parents and others.They may promise to improve, but there is no sincerity in the words; they continue to break the rules of society.Such a person obviously has a weak superego that is unable to reign in his id." This psychiatrist most likely endorses which perspective?

A)cognitive-behavioral
B)humanistic
C)family systems
D)psychodynamic

Question 66

What Dr.Daniels tells his class, "Research suggests abnormal brain wave activity in adults with antisocial personality disorder.Because the EEG is a precise diagnostic device, researchers have relied on EEGs for evidence of antisocial personality disorder.Many persons diagnosed with APD however, do not show EEG abnormalities.Additionally, evidence surrounding abnormal brain wave activity in people with antisocial personality disorder suggest causation of APD, and only 15 percent of individuals who have been diagnosed with APD exhibit abnormal EEG patterns." Which part of Dr.Daniels' statement is accurate?

A)Only 15 percent of individuals who have been diagnosed with APD exhibit abnormal EEG patterns.
B)Many persons diagnosed with APD do not show EEG abnormalities.
C)The EEG is an precise diagnostic device.
D)Evidence surrounding abnormal brain wave activity in people with antisocial personality disorder suggests causation of APD.

Question 67

Under what set of circumstances would a psychopath learn to avoid an aversive situation more readily than a nonpsychopath?

A)A psychopath would learn to avoid an aversive condition better than a nonpsychopath in situations that violate norms and rules.
B)A psychopath would learn to avoid an aversive condition better than a nonpsychopath in situations where the probability of punishment is highly uncertain.
C)A psychopath would learn to avoid an aversive condition better than a nonpsychopath if both were injected with testosterone prior to experiencing the aversive condition.
D)A psychopath would learn to avoid an aversive condition better than a nonpsychopath if both were injected with adrenaline prior to experiencing the aversive condition.

Question 68

Which research suggests that a plausible explanation of antisocial personality disorder could be related to central nervous system abnormalities?

A)MRIs and PET scans that investigate structural and activity abnormalities in the prefrontal portion of the brain and the lymbic amygdala circuitry.
B)DNA research that explores an extra X chromosome as a factor implicated in antisocial personality disorder.
C)Research that investigates the relationship between brain damage and antisocial personality disorder.
D)EEG studies that support the existence of abnormal brain activity in the brains of individuals diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder.

Question 69

Dr.Cirello is treating a 25-year-old man diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder.When Dr.Cirello investigates the man's family history, she is likely to learn that ____.

A)both parents consistently reinforced him for being submissive
B)the father exhibited antisocial behavior
C)the mother had a serious mental condition
D)both parents were shy and depressed

Question 70

Early researchers primarily concentrated on ____ dimensions in their efforts to explain antisocial personality disorder.

A)psychodynamic
B)biological
C)learning
D)social

Question 71

If Lykken is right about the role of fearlessness, we should find that ____.

A)both psychopaths and heroes are fearful
B)psychopaths are fearless, but heroes are fearful
C)both psychopaths and heroes are fearless
D)psychopaths are fearful, but heroes are fearless

Question 72

The psychodynamic interpretation of antisocial personality suggests that, during childhood, ____.

A)superego development was faulty
B)identification with the opposite-sex parent was especially strong
C)there was an over-identification with the same-sex parent
D)id impulses were not allowed to be expressed

Question 73

"The antisocial personality fails to learn ethical behavior because of a lack of positive role models and/or the presence of poor role models." This statement reflects which perspective?

A)genetic
B)psychoanalytic
C)learning
D)central nervous system abnormality

Question 74

Jerry is diagnosed with APD.If the emotional underarousal explanation for the disorder is correct, we can predict that Jerry ____.

A)shows extremely fast physiological reactions to novel stimuli
B)has too little arousal under normal conditions
C)experiences more arousal than the normal person
D)has some form of damage in his frontal lobes

Question 75

Dr.Jackson believes that antisocial personalities act as they do because they experience too little anxiety when being punished and too little emotional arousal under normal circumstances.Dr.Jackson's ideas mirror which theory?

A)psychodynamic
B)autonomic nervous system
C)cognitive
D)central nervous system

Question 76

____ is a term used to describe the indirect or passive behavior of females with antisocial personality disorder.

A)Relational aggression
B)Schizoid
C)Acting-out
D)Negative emotionality

Question 77

A psychologist says, "We know that genetics is the cause of antisocial personality disorder because the concordance rates for monozygotic (MZ)twins is higher than that for dizygotic (DZ)twins." Why should such findings be interpreted with caution?

A)because concordance rates for twins do not provide information about the genetic cause of disorders
B)because DZ twins may be more alike genetically than MZ twins
C)because other factors, such as environmental influences, might influence the findings
D)because concordance rates are not considered to be reliable statistics

Question 78

Some would call Rambo a fictional military hero.According to Lykken's research, he would share the same characteristics as ____.

A)people who are cautious and fearful of stress
B)individuals diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder
C)individuals diagnosed with histrionic personality disorder
D)normal individuals whose parents put a lot of pressure on them to succeed

Question 79

Research investigating the rate of antisocial personality in adoptees with psychopathic biological parents suggests that genetic factors ____.

A)play almost no role at all in the disorder
B)are important only when the antisocial personality occurs in women
C)are important in a small minority of cases
D)play a significant role in the disorder

Question 80

According to Lykken, the difference between the psychopath who takes risks and the adventurer who takes risks is ____.

A)whether they have abnormalities in the prefrontal lobes
B)whether the thrill-seeking behaviors are destructive or constructive acts
C)the degree of fear each experiences in the face of danger
D)the degree of anxiety each experiences in the face of danger