Deck 7: X-Ray Production

Question 1

Bremsstrahlung interactions may occur only when the incident electron interacts with

A)an inner-shell electron.
B)an outer-shell electron.
C)the force field around the nucleus.
D)the nuclear force within the nucleus.

Answer 1

the force field around the nucleus.

Question 2

The K shell can hold a maximum of ____ electrons.

A)1
B)2
C)6
D)8

Answer 2

2

Question 3

During a characteristic interaction, the dropping of a higher-energy state electron into a lower-energy state "hole" results in the emission of

A)a photon of electromagnetic energy.
B)a high-energy electron.
C)a low-energy electron.
D)a gamma photon.

Answer 3

a photon of electromagnetic energy.

Question 4

The types of target interaction that occur in the production of x-ray photons in the diagnostic range are dependent upon the

A)incident electron kinetic energy.
B)nuclear binding energy.
C)incident electron potential energy.
D)band gap of the valence electrons.

Question 5

Electrons traveling from the cathode filament to the anode are called

A)incident electrons.
B)primary electrons.
C)scatter electrons.
D)secondary electrons.

Question 6

When the x-ray emission spectra between single- and three-phase generators are compared,

A)three-phase beams would have a higher average energy.
B)single-phase beams would be more intense.
C)less exposure would be required for the same part thickness, using-single phase.
D)the keV of the characteristic spike would be significantly less with the single-phase generator.

Question 7

The energy of a bremsstrahlung photon is

A)equal to the kinetic energy of the entering electron.
B)equal to the kinetic energy of the exiting electron.
C)the sum of the entering and exiting kinetic energy of the incident electron.
D)the difference between the entering and exiting kinetic energy of the incoming electron.

Question 8

The energy of a characteristic photon is

A)equal to the binding energy of the entering electron.
B)equal to the binding energy of the exiting electron.
C)the sum of the binding energy of the outer and inner shells between which the electron dropped.
D)the difference between the binding energy of the outer and inner shells between which the electron dropped.

Question 9

Almost all of the kinetic energy of the incident electrons is converted to

A)a bremsstrahlung photon.
B)a characteristic x-ray photon.
C)light.
D)heat.

Question 10

What percentage of target interaction results in the production of x-ray photons?

A)1 percent
B)50 percent
C)99 percent
D)100 percent

Question 11

If uranium were used to produce x-radiation, rather than tungsten,

A)the K-shell binding energy would be greater than with tungsten.
B)the intensity of brems production would be greater.
C)the energy of characteristic photons would be greater than with tungsten.
D)all of the above

Question 12

During a characteristic interaction, the kinetic energy of the incident electron must be ____ the electron it knocks from its orbit.

A)less than that of
B)greater than that of
C)proportional to that of
D)characteristic of

Question 13

The emission spectrum of an x-ray beam from a tungsten anode consists of

A)a characteristic spike at 69 keV.
B)a significant portion due to bremsstrahlung interactions.
C)a mixture of brems and characteristic interactions.
D)all of the above

Question 14

The transfer of the incident electrons' kinetic energy to the outer-shell electrons causing vibration of the outer-shell electron results in the emission of

A)infrared radiation.
B)ultraviolet radiation.
C)light.
D)sound.

Question 15

X-rays are characterized as

A)charged particles.
B)electromagnetic waves of short wavelength.
C)electromagnetic waves with high frequencies.
D)both b and c

Question 16

For the element molybdenum, the effective energy of characteristic interactions is

A)9 keV.
B)18 keV.
C)42 keV.
D)69 keV.

Question 17

At the end of the characteristic cascade, the ____ shell is missing an electron.

A)innermost
B)K
C)outermost
D)characteristic

Question 18

If the peak kVp is 110, the average keV energy of the beam would be

A)12-24 keV.
B)33-44 keV.
C)66-77 keV.
D)110 keV.

Question 19

Characteristic interactions may occur only when the incident electron interacts with

A)an inner-shell electron.
B)an outer-shell electron.
C)the force field of the nucleus.
D)protons within the nucleus.

Question 20

When comparing the x-ray emission spectrum between beams produced at 70 kVp and 110 kVp

A)the 110 kVp beam would demonstrate less brems and a higher characteristic spike.
B)the 110 kVp beam would demonstrate more brems and a higher characteristic spike.
C)the 70 kVp beam would demonstrate less brems and a higher characteristic spike.
D)the 70 kVp beam would demonstrate an equal amount of brems and characteristic radiation.

Question 21

Match the items with the correct choice as they relate to x-ray production.
emission of infrared energy

A)9.6 keV
B)20 keV
C)binding energy
D)kinetic energy
E)thermal energy
F)electromagnetic energy
G)bremsstrahlung radiation
H)characteristic interactions

Question 22

Match the items with the correct choice as they relate to x-ray production.
molybdenum characteristic spike

A)9.6 keV
B)20 keV
C)binding energy
D)kinetic energy
E)thermal energy
F)electromagnetic energy
G)bremsstrahlung radiation
H)characteristic interactions

Question 23

Match the items with the correct choice as they relate to x-ray production.
results from electrons interacting with the nuclear force field

A)9.6 keV
B)20 keV
C)binding energy
D)kinetic energy
E)thermal energy
F)electromagnetic energy
G)bremsstrahlung radiation
H)characteristic interactions

Question 24

Match the items with the correct choice as they relate to x-ray production.
energy that has ionizing potential and no mass

A)9.6 keV
B)20 keV
C)binding energy
D)kinetic energy
E)thermal energy
F)electromagnetic energy
G)bremsstrahlung radiation
H)characteristic interactions

Question 25

Match the items with the correct choice as they relate to x-ray production.
M to L transition in atomic number 74

A)9.6 keV
B)20 keV
C)binding energy
D)kinetic energy
E)thermal energy
F)electromagnetic energy
G)bremsstrahlung radiation
H)characteristic interactions

Question 26

Match the items with the correct choice as they relate to x-ray production.
energy exerted on electrons by the nucleus of the atom

A)9.6 keV
B)20 keV
C)binding energy
D)kinetic energy
E)thermal energy
F)electromagnetic energy
G)bremsstrahlung radiation
H)characteristic interactions