Deck 24: Picture Archiving and Communication Systems Pacs

Question 1

The acronym PACS stands for

A)pixel and computed system.
B)picture and communication system.
C)picture archiving and communication system.
D)portable archival computer system.

Answer 1

picture archiving and communication system.

Question 2

How long do many institutions store film?

A)1 to 2 years
B)1 to 5 years
C)5 to 7 years
D)5 to 10 years

Answer 2

5 to 7 years

Question 3

Light scattering, light leakage, and electron backscattering are examples of conditions that will cause

A)fogging.
B)glare.
C)blurring.
D)blooming.

Answer 3

glare.

Question 4

Which is an advantage to the digital environment over film?

A)Digital images can be manipulated without re-exposure to patients.
B)Digital images can be sent to remote locations.
C)Digital images require less physical storage.
D)all of the above

Question 5

The service class and object class combine to form a

A)DICOM byte.
B)DICOM bit.
C)local area network (LAN).
D)SOP unit.

Question 6

Gray scale bit depth ranges from ____ bits to ____ bits.

A)1; 10
B)5; 20
C)8; 32
D)9; 45

Question 7

The ____ includes image storage, image query, image retrieval, image print, storage resource, and examination.

A)service class
B)object class
C)object pair
D)service provider

Question 8

The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) intends to

A)streamline patient billing and accounts receivable for the provider.
B)consolidate major medical insurance companies into regional insurance co-ops.
C)protect a patient's medical information from unauthorized usage and access.
D)prevent the duplication of medical procedures and billings without prior authorization.

Question 9

The DICOM standard has established two classes of information.They are

A)digital class and analog class.
B)service class and object class.
C)software class and hardware class.
D)medical class and non-medical class.

Question 10

All of the following are advantages to soft-copy display EXCEPT

A)multiple viewing of the same image.
B)images visualized on film.
C)variations in density or contrast.
D)decreased number of lost films.

Question 11

All of the following would be acceptable HIPAA-compliant actions EXCEPT

A)eliminating all patient identifiers on an image used for a classroom presentation.
B)keeping a patient's image on a display monitor as a school tour group visits the department. All patient identifiers have been removed from the image display.
C)asking colleagues for advise on positioning as you complete images on a severe motor vehicle accident.
D)discussing the results of a patient's mammogram with a colleague as you ride the elevator to lunch.

Question 12

The adoption of a DICOM standard in the medical imaging industry was designed to

A)allow various vendors to share digital data without proprietary software constraints.
B)eliminate small vendors from the medical marketplace based upon product quality and reliability.
C)protect patients' medical records and information.
D)establish common exposure dosage values for various medical imaging procedures.

Question 13

What type of film responds to light from a laser and to heat from a thermal head?

A)silver-based dry film
B)wet laser film
C)dry-processing laser film
D)all of the above

Question 14

A/An ____ uses a laser beam that scans in a raster pattern across the film as it is transported through the digitizer.

A)CCD digitizer
B)laser film digitizer
C)CCD linear array
D)analog-to-digital converter

Question 15

When images are sent from a CR workstation to a radiologist viewing station for interpretation, the workstation and viewing station become a SOP.In this case,

A)the workstation is provider class and the viewing station is user class.
B)the workstation and viewing station are both user class.
C)the workstation and viewing station are both provider class.
D)the workstation is user class and the viewing station is provider class.

Question 16

Examples of a biomedical informatics(BMI) platform include

A)Hospital Information System (HIS).
B)Electronic Medical Record (EMR).
C)Radiology Information System (RIS).
D)all of the above

Question 17

Laser printers have which of the following components?

A)laser source
B)collimator lens
C)beam modulator
D)all of the above

Question 18

Essential characteristics of a PACS include:
1) distribution and retrieval of digital images
2) creation of digital images
3) radiation dosage documentation
4) display of digital images
5) voice-activated dictation
6) digital image storage and long-term archival

A)1, 2, 4, and 5 only
B)2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 only
C)1, 4, and 6 only
D)1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 only

Question 19

Any computer platform that is designed to deal with medical purposes such as medical care, medical information, and medical research and documentation would be classified as a/an

A)HIS.
B)ACR.
C)BMI.
D)BMR.

Question 20

A ____ connects all the computers in a system.

A)WAN
B)DICOM
C)LAN
D)CCD

Question 21

Medical images that are sent via teleradiology are sent over a

A)HIS.
B)WAN.
C)LAN.
D)DICOM.

Question 22

All of the following are advantages to soft-copy display EXCEPT

A)multiple viewing of the same image.
B)images visualized on film.
C)variations in density or contrast.
D)decreased number of lost films.

Question 23

Match the following items with the statements below as they relate to PACS technology.
image displayed on a flat panel monitor

A)WAN
B)LAN
C)BMI
D)soft copy
E)DICOM
F)hard copy
G)SOP
H)LCD

Question 24

What is the anticipated file size for a single cardiac cath acquisition of 20 seconds at 15 fps with a digital matrix of 760 x 512 x10?

Question 25

What is the anticipated image file size in bytes for a computed radiography digital image comprised of a 1,000 x 1,000 matrix with an 8-bit depth?

Question 26

Match the following items with the statements below as they relate to PACS technology.
may have resolution as high as 3-5 megapixels

A)WAN
B)LAN
C)BMI
D)soft copy
E)DICOM
F)hard copy
G)SOP
H)LCD

Question 27

Match the following items with the statements below as they relate to PACS technology.
CT scanner and workstation

A)WAN
B)LAN
C)BMI
D)soft copy
E)DICOM
F)hard copy
G)SOP
H)LCD

Question 28

Based upon image file size, the greatest image file size would be created with what type of diagnostic image?

A)CT
B)14"x17" chest radiograph
C)ultrasound
D)digital mammogram

Question 29

What is the anticipated image file size in kilobytes for a computed radiography digital image comprised of a 512 x 512 matrix with a 12-bit depth?

Question 30

Gray scale bit depth determines

A)pixel size
B)pixel pitch
C)the number of gray shades
D)image resolution

Question 31

What is the anticipated image file size in kilobytes for a computed radiography digital image comprised of a 2,400 x 2,400 matrix with a 32-bit depth?

Question 32

Match the following items with the statements below as they relate to PACS technology.
industry-standard language in medical imaging

A)WAN
B)LAN
C)BMI
D)soft copy
E)DICOM
F)hard copy
G)SOP
H)LCD

Question 33

As a result of film digitizers,

A)hard-copy analog films can be scanned into digital format.
B)digitized images can be placed into a PACS.
C)digitized images can be networked with other DICOM images.
D)all of the above

Question 34

All of the following would be hard-copy display systems EXCEPT

A)an image on display on a flat-panel monitor.
B)a radiographic film hung on a viewbox.
C)a dry laser image displayed on an illuminator.
D)a laser copy of a radiograph on display via a viewbox.

Question 35

Match the following items with the statements below as they relate to PACS technology.
computer platforms used for medical patient care purposes

A)WAN
B)LAN
C)BMI
D)soft copy
E)DICOM
F)hard copy
G)SOP
H)LCD

Question 36

What is the anticipated file storage in gigabytes necessary for a computed tomography examination comprised of 1,200 images, each with a 512 x 512 matrix at 32-bit depth?

Question 37

For how many years do many institutions store radiographic film images?

A)1 to 2 years
B)1 to 5 years
C)5 to 7 years
D)5 to 10 years

Question 38

Match the following items with the statements below as they relate to PACS technology.
regional or national network for digital communications

A)WAN
B)LAN
C)BMI
D)soft copy
E)DICOM
F)hard copy
G)SOP
H)LCD

Question 39

Soft copy display of images refers to

A)unprocessed images
B)pre-processed images
C)images displayed on a lightbox
D)images displayed via a video monitor

Question 40

Production of a grainy, reticulated image that cannot be corrected in digital post-processing is the result of

A)failure to use a high enough mAs setting.
B)failure to use a high enough kVp setting.
C)failure to use the correct algorithm.
D)failure to use the proper SID.