Deck 11: Vitamins Required for Oral Soft Tissues and Salivary Glands

Question 1

Patients older than age 70 are encouraged to choose fortified sources of vitamin B₁₂ because the synthetic form is better absorbed than naturally occurring vitamin B₁₂ in foods.

A) Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
B) Both the statement and the reason are correct but are not related.
C) The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct.
D) The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct.
E) Neither the statement nor the reason is correct.

Answer 1

The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct.

Question 2

Which of the following meats is an exceptionally good source of thiamin?

A) Chicken
B) Turkey
C) Pork
D) Beef

Answer 2

Pork

Question 3

Each of the following decreases or destroys thiamin content in food except one. Which one is the exception?

A) Baking soda added to cooking water of vegetables
B) Overcooking and high temperatures
C) Olive oil added to vegetables during cooking
D) Consumption of raw fish
E) Use of antacids as a calcium supplement

Answer 3

Olive oil added to vegetables during cooking

Question 4

The system most likely to be responsible for excessive salivation in a nervous dental patient is the:

A) Krebs cycle.
B) TCA cycle.
C) parasympathetic autonomic nervous system.
D) sympathetic autonomic nervous system.

Question 5

Patients taking medications for bradycardia (low heart rate) exhibit increased salivary flow because such medications affect salivary secretion control by cholinergic parasympathetic nerves.

A) Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
B) Both the statement and the reason are correct but are not related.
C) The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct.
D) The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct.
E) Neither the statement nor the reason is correct.

Question 6

Beriberi manifests with impairment of the autonomic nervous system. Other symptoms include bradycardia and decreased size of the heart.

A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true; the second is false.
D) The first statement is false; the second is true.

Question 7

Each of the following accurately describes physiological roles of thiamin except one. Which one is the exception?

A) Thiamin functions as a coenzyme in the Krebs cycle.
B) The main effects of thiamin deficiency are disturbances of protein and lipid metabolism.
C) Thiamin is an essential component in synthesis of niacin.
D) Also known as vitamin B₁, thiamin helps regulate appetite.

Question 8

During early phases of nutritional deficiency, which epithelial tissue is the most likely to be evident?

A) Gingival
B) Lips
C) Glossal
D) Palatal

Question 9

Which condition is least likely to be caused by a deficiency of riboflavin?

A) Glossitis
B) Bilateral cheilosis
C) Dermatitis
D) Anemia

Question 10

Deficiencies in which of the following nutrients is least associated with manifestations of systemic disease in the oral cavity?

A) Vitamin A
B) B-complex vitamins
C) Vitamin C
D) Protein

Question 11

The most common vitamin deficiency among the B-complex vitamin is usually due to low intake of:

A) vitamin B₁.
B) vitamin B₂.
C) pantothenic acid.
D) folate.

Question 12

Vitamin deficiencies, especially the B-complex vitamins, seldom occur in isolation. Folate, a B-complex vitamin, is the exception because it functions separately from other vitamins.

A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true; the second is false.
D) The first statement is false; the second is true.

Question 13

Consistent high doses of folate can:

A) mask a deficiency of vitamin B₁₂.
B) act as an antioxidant.
C) increase the risk of heart disease.
D) increase the need for other B vitamins.

Question 14

A deficiency of riboflavin can lead to pellagra. Riboflavin is not known to be toxic, but there is no benefit from high doses.

A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true; the second is false.
D) The first statement is false; the second is true.

Question 15

Although milk and milk products are excellent sources of riboflavin, approximately 30% of the dietary intake is furnished by foods in the grain group. Meat, poultry, and fish also provide about one-fourth of the dietary requirement.

A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true; the second is false.
D) The first statement is false; the second is true.

Question 16

Fungiform papillae are pale pink because they are covered in with keratinized mucosa and have a rich blood supply.

A) Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
B) Both the statement and the reason are correct but are not related.
C) The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct.
D) The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct.
E) Neither the statement nor the reason is correct.

Question 17

The loss of which papilla types is most likely to result in a loss of taste buds and changes in taste acuity?

A) Circumvallate and foliate
B) Foliate and fungiform
C) Circumvallate and fungiform
D) Fungiform and filiform
E) Filiform and foliate

Question 18

Milk purchased in waxy containers contains less riboflavin because the components of the container have the potential to decompose riboflavin.

A) Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
B) Both the statement and the reason are correct but are not related.
C) The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct.
D) The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct.
E) Neither the statement nor the reason is correct.

Question 19

Conditions such as burns and growth spurts lead to additional riboflavin requirements because this nutrient acts as a coenzyme in the syntheses of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.

A) Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
B) Both the statement and the reason are correct but are not related.
C) The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct.
D) The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct.
E) Neither the statement nor the reason is correct.

Question 20

Each of the following oral structures is lined with keratinized mucosa except one. Which one is the exception?

A) Floor of the mouth
B) Gingiva surrounding the teeth
C) Dorsum of the tongue
D) Hard palate

Question 21

Which of the following are associated with thiamin deficiency? (Select all that apply.)

A) Flushing of the skin
B) Involuntary rapid movement of the eyeballs
C) Beriberi
D) Depression and fatigue
E) Burning feelings of the feet

Question 22

A megadose of a vitamin with intake of 20 to 600 times the RDA is actually a misnomer because at these levels, the vitamin is functioning as a drug rather than a nutrient.

A) Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
B) Both the statement and the reason are correct but are not related.
C) The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct.
D) The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct.
E) Neither the statement nor the reason is correct.

Question 23

The oral cavity is a barometer for systemic disease. During evaluative and treatment procedures, assessment of oral tissues with regard to both oral and systemic health is a critical service dental hygienists can provide. Match the nutrient or condition with the appropriate description or action.
Increased incidence of dental caries and susceptibility to oral infections

A)Antigenic
B)Filiform papillae
C)Vitamin B₆
D)Circumvallate lingual papillae
E)Angular cheilosis
F)Xerostomia
G)Cobalamin
H)Thiamin
I)Folate
J)Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
K)Pellagra

Question 24

The oral cavity is a barometer for systemic disease. During evaluative and treatment procedures, assessment of oral tissues with regard to both oral and systemic health is a critical service dental hygienists can provide. Match the nutrient or condition with the appropriate description or action.
Smooth, threadlike structures on the dorsal surface of the tongue

A)Antigenic
B)Filiform papillae
C)Vitamin B₆
D)Circumvallate lingual papillae
E)Angular cheilosis
F)Xerostomia
G)Cobalamin
H)Thiamin
I)Folate
J)Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
K)Pellagra

Question 25

The oral cavity is a barometer for systemic disease. During evaluative and treatment procedures, assessment of oral tissues with regard to both oral and systemic health is a critical service dental hygienists can provide. Match the nutrient or condition with the appropriate description or action.
The only vitamin that contains a mineral

A)Antigenic
B)Filiform papillae
C)Vitamin B₆
D)Circumvallate lingual papillae
E)Angular cheilosis
F)Xerostomia
G)Cobalamin
H)Thiamin
I)Folate
J)Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
K)Pellagra

Question 26

A recent evaluation by ConsumerLab.com, often called the "watchdog of the supplement industry," found that more than 90% of multivitamins tested contained essentially the ingredients and proportions listed on the product label. The presence of a United States Pharmacopeia (USP) symbol on a label means testing of the product has confirmed that the supplement is safe for everyone.

A) Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
B) Both the statement and the reason are correct but are not related.
C) The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct.
D) The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct.
E) Neither the statement nor the reason is correct.

Question 27

Taste buds are located within which papillae? (Select all that apply.)

A) Foliate
B) Filiform
C) Circumvallate lingual
D) Fungiform

Question 28

The oral cavity is a barometer for systemic disease. During evaluative and treatment procedures, assessment of oral tissues with regard to both oral and systemic health is a critical service dental hygienists can provide. Match the nutrient or condition with the appropriate description or action.
Oral contraceptives may reduce maternal levels during pregnancy and lactation

A)Antigenic
B)Filiform papillae
C)Vitamin B₆
D)Circumvallate lingual papillae
E)Angular cheilosis
F)Xerostomia
G)Cobalamin
H)Thiamin
I)Folate
J)Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
K)Pellagra

Question 29

Rich sources of folate include which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

A) Legumes
B) Pork
C) Green leafy vegetables
D) Fortified cereals and grain products
E) Grapefruit and oranges

Question 30

The oral cavity is a barometer for systemic disease. During evaluative and treatment procedures, assessment of oral tissues with regard to both oral and systemic health is a critical service dental hygienists can provide. Match the nutrient or condition with the appropriate description or action.
Niacin deficiency

A)Antigenic
B)Filiform papillae
C)Vitamin B₆
D)Circumvallate lingual papillae
E)Angular cheilosis
F)Xerostomia
G)Cobalamin
H)Thiamin
I)Folate
J)Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
K)Pellagra

Question 31

Which of the following accurately describe aspects of nutrient supplements? (Select all that apply.)

A) Complementary medicine uses complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in conjunction with conventional medicine.
B) Alternative medicine replaces conventional techniques with CAM.
C) Most rigorous clinical trials have concluded that homeopathy provides very limited effective treatment.
D) The term natural on a label indicates that the product has been determined to be safe and contains only those ingredients listed.

Question 32

The oral cavity is a barometer for systemic disease. During evaluative and treatment procedures, assessment of oral tissues with regard to both oral and systemic health is a critical service dental hygienists can provide. Match the nutrient or condition with the appropriate description or action.
Large, mushroom-shaped structures forming a "V" shape on dorsal surface of tongue

A)Antigenic
B)Filiform papillae
C)Vitamin B₆
D)Circumvallate lingual papillae
E)Angular cheilosis
F)Xerostomia
G)Cobalamin
H)Thiamin
I)Folate
J)Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
K)Pellagra

Question 33

The oral cavity is a barometer for systemic disease. During evaluative and treatment procedures, assessment of oral tissues with regard to both oral and systemic health is a critical service dental hygienists can provide. Match the nutrient or condition with the appropriate description or action.
The "morale vitamin"

A)Antigenic
B)Filiform papillae
C)Vitamin B₆
D)Circumvallate lingual papillae
E)Angular cheilosis
F)Xerostomia
G)Cobalamin
H)Thiamin
I)Folate
J)Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
K)Pellagra

Question 34

Some nutrients may compete or block the action or absorption another nutrient. Most time-released supplements counteract this problem.

A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true; the second is false.
D) The first statement is false; the second is true.

Question 35

Vitamin B₁₂ is associated with which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

A) Excessive amounts are bound to protein and stored in the liver for 3 to 4 years.
B) It functions as a coenzyme in folate metabolism in DNA synthesis.
C) It is essential to the formation and regeneration of red blood cells.
D) Its full name is biotin.
E) After gastric surgery, vitamin B₁₂ levels are of concern.

Question 36

The oral cavity is a barometer for systemic disease. During evaluative and treatment procedures, assessment of oral tissues with regard to both oral and systemic health is a critical service dental hygienists can provide. Match the nutrient or condition with the appropriate description or action.
Associated with malnourished alcoholics

A)Antigenic
B)Filiform papillae
C)Vitamin B₆
D)Circumvallate lingual papillae
E)Angular cheilosis
F)Xerostomia
G)Cobalamin
H)Thiamin
I)Folate
J)Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
K)Pellagra

Question 37

The oral cavity is a barometer for systemic disease. During evaluative and treatment procedures, assessment of oral tissues with regard to both oral and systemic health is a critical service dental hygienists can provide. Match the nutrient or condition with the appropriate description or action.
Capable of inducing an immune response with specific antibodies

A)Antigenic
B)Filiform papillae
C)Vitamin B₆
D)Circumvallate lingual papillae
E)Angular cheilosis
F)Xerostomia
G)Cobalamin
H)Thiamin
I)Folate
J)Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
K)Pellagra

Question 38

The oral cavity is a barometer for systemic disease. During evaluative and treatment procedures, assessment of oral tissues with regard to both oral and systemic health is a critical service dental hygienists can provide. Match the nutrient or condition with the appropriate description or action.
Cracks in epithelium around the corners of the mouth

A)Antigenic
B)Filiform papillae
C)Vitamin B₆
D)Circumvallate lingual papillae
E)Angular cheilosis
F)Xerostomia
G)Cobalamin
H)Thiamin
I)Folate
J)Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
K)Pellagra

Question 39

Vitamin E not only prevents inflammation of the periodontium; it also promotes integrity of mucosal cell membranes. A deficiency of vitamin E is associated with parotid gland enlargement.

A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true; the second is false.
D) The first statement is false; the second is true.

Question 40

Thiamin is crucial for normal functioning of the: (Select all that apply.)

A) brain.
B) muscles.
C) intestines.
D) salivary glands.
E) heart.

Question 41

Match the nutrient or condition with its appropriate deficiency, description, or action.
Broken down similar to other supplements

A)Biotin
B)Vitamin C
C)Vitamin A
D)Antioxidants
E)Iron and folic acid
F)Chelated

Question 42

Match the nutrient or condition with its appropriate deficiency, description, or action.
Deficiency produces squamous metaplasia in salivary gland ducts

A)Biotin
B)Vitamin C
C)Vitamin A
D)Antioxidants
E)Iron and folic acid
F)Chelated

Question 43

Match the nutrient or condition with its appropriate deficiency, description, or action.
Likely inadequate in adolescent girls and women of childbearing years

A)Biotin
B)Vitamin C
C)Vitamin A
D)Antioxidants
E)Iron and folic acid
F)Chelated

Question 44

Match the nutrient or condition with its appropriate deficiency, description, or action.
May suppress chemically induced oral neoplasias

A)Biotin
B)Vitamin C
C)Vitamin A
D)Antioxidants
E)Iron and folic acid
F)Chelated

Question 45

The oral cavity is a barometer for systemic disease. During evaluative and treatment procedures, assessment of oral tissues with regard to both oral and systemic health is a critical service dental hygienists can provide. Match the nutrient or condition with the appropriate description or action.
Common nutritional deficiency after bariatric surgery

A)Antigenic
B)Filiform papillae
C)Vitamin B₆
D)Circumvallate lingual papillae
E)Angular cheilosis
F)Xerostomia
G)Cobalamin
H)Thiamin
I)Folate
J)Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
K)Pellagra

Question 46

Match the nutrient or condition with its appropriate deficiency, description, or action.
Ensures optimal activity of white blood cells

A)Biotin
B)Vitamin C
C)Vitamin A
D)Antioxidants
E)Iron and folic acid
F)Chelated

Question 47

Match the nutrient or condition with its appropriate deficiency, description, or action.
Deficiency produced by ingestion of raw egg whites

A)Biotin
B)Vitamin C
C)Vitamin A
D)Antioxidants
E)Iron and folic acid
F)Chelated