Deck 13: The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Question 1

Which region of the spinal cord carries nerve impulses for proprioception?

A)Posterior white column
B)Anterior gray horn
C)Anterior white column
D)Lateral white column
E)Dermatome tract

Answer 1

A

Question 2

These white matter tracts of the spinal cord carry sensory information.

A)Ascending tracts
B)Descending tracts
C)Integration tracts
D)Columnar tracts
E)Epidural tracts

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Another term for the summing of EPSPs and IPSPs in the gray matter of spinal cord is

A)refraction.
B)facilitation.
C)integration.
D)adaptation.
E)tetany.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Which of the following parts of a reflex arc receives sensory information and decides how to respond to a change in the body's condition?

A)Sensory receptor
B)Sensory neuron
C)Motor neuron
D)Effector
E)Integration center

Question 5

What spinal cord feature is the area where the nerves that supply the lower limb emerge?

A)Lumbar enlargement
B)Filum terminale
C)Cauda equina
D)Cranial nerve XII
E)Cervical enlargement

Question 6

This type of descending motor pathway originates in the brainstem and governs automatic movements that help regulate muscle tone,posture and balance.

A)Indirect pathway
B)Direct pathway
C)Reflex arc
D)Somatic arc
E)Muscle spindles

Question 7

Which layer of protective connective tissue is the outermost covering surrounding a spinal nerve?

A)dura mater
B)pia mater
C)endoneurium
D)perineurium
E)epineurium

Question 8

Which of the structures listed below contains cerebrospinal fluid?

A)Epidural space
B)Subarachnoid space
C)Dural space
D)Meninx
E)Pia mater

Question 9

A man presents with median nerve palsy in his left hand.What is the most likely site of injury?

A)Dorsal scapular nerve
B)Intercostal nerve
C)Lumbar plexus
D)Median nerve
E)Radial nerve

Question 10

Which of the following parts of a reflex arc monitors body conditions?

A)Sensory receptor
B)Integrating center
C)Motor neuron
D)Effector
E)Interneuron

Question 11

This division of a spinal nerve reenters the vertebral cavity through the intervertebral foramen and serves the vertebrae,vertebral ligaments,blood vessels of the spinal cord,and meninges.

A)Dorsal ramus
B)Ventral ramus
C)Rami communicantes
D)Meningeal branch
E)Brachial plexus

Question 12

Spinal nerves?1.Are parts of PNS.?2.connect the CNS to sensors and effectors in all parts of the body.?3.are named according to the region of the cord from which they emerge.

A)1 only
B)2 only
C)3 only
D)both 1 & 3
E)1,2 & 3

Question 13

Which of the three spinal meninges is the most superficial?

A)Arachnoid mater
B)Dura mater
C)Meninx mater
D)Pia mater
E)Epi mater

Question 14

What type of information is carried in the descending tracts of the spinal cord??1.Sensory?2.Motor?3.Integration

A)1 only
B)2 only
C)3 only
D)Both 1 & 2
E)Both 2 & 3

Question 15

This type of descending motor pathway conveys nerve impulses that originate in the cerebral cortex and are destined to cause precise,voluntary movements of skeletal muscles.

A)Indirect pathway
B)Direct pathway
C)Reflex arc
D)Somatic arc
E)Muscle spindle

Question 16

Intercostal nerves

A)are also known as cervical nerves.
B)do not enter into a plexus and directly connect to the structures they supply.
C)are found in the C6-T4 area of the vertebral column.
D)extend through the sacrum.
E)do not exist in humans.

Question 17

Denticulate ligaments are thickenings of

A)arachnoid mater.
B)pia mater.
C)dura mater.
D)interstitial fluid.
E)subdural space.

Question 18

Which of the following structures contains only sensory axons that conduct nerve impulses from sensory receptors in the skin,muscles and internal organs to the CNS?

A)Spinal nerves
B)Cauda equina
C)Anterior root of spinal nerves
D)Posterior root of spinal nerves
E)Conus medullaris

Question 19

What types of axons are wrapped in a protective endoneurium??1.Myelinated?2.Unmyelinated?3.Only dendrites are surrounded by endoneurium

A)1 only
B)2 only
C)3 only
D)Both 1 and 2
E)None of these choices

Question 20

The spinal cord does not extend the entire length of the vertebral column in an adult.Why?

Question 21

Which of the following parts of a reflex arc would have a cell body in the posterior root ganglion?

A)Sensory receptor cell
B)Sensory neuron
C)Motor neuron
D)Effector
E)Interneuron

Question 22

A nerve impulse initiated at a muscle spindle has to travel through which of the following structures to get into the spinal column?

A)Anterior root of spinal nerve
B)Posterior root of spinal nerve
C)Tectospinal tract
D)Central canal
E)Lateral reticulospinal tract

Question 23

The thoracic nerves are also called the

A)brachial nerves.
B)lumbar nerves.
C)sacral nerves.
D)cervical nerves.
E)intercostals nerves.

Question 24

In response to a muscle being stretched,a muscle spindle initiates a somatic spinal reflex that causes?1.contraction of the agonist muscle.?2.relaxation of the antagonist muscle.?3.contraction of the antagonist muscle.?4.relaxation of the agonist muscle.

A)1 only
B)2 only
C)3 only
D)4 only
E)1 and 2

Question 25

Which layer is the dura mater?

A)E
B)F
C)G
D)H
E)I

Question 26

Where is the denticulate ligament?

A)C
B)D
C)F
D)H
E)I

Question 27

An ipsilateral,intersegmental,spinal somatic reflex will most likely control

A)only one flexor muscle on the same side of the body as the sensor.
B)many flexor muscles on the same side of the body as the sensor.
C)many flexor and extensor muscles on the same side of the body as the sensor.
D)many flexor muscles on the opposite side of the body as the sensor.
E)many flexor and extensor muscles on the opposite side of the body as the sensor.

Question 28

A reflex pathway having only one synapse in the CNS is called a

A)visceral reflex arc.
B)somatic reflex arc.
C)polysynaptic reflex arc.
D)autonomic reflex arc.
E)none of these choices

Question 29

Where is the arachnoid mater?

A)E
B)F
C)G
D)H
E)I

Question 30

Where is the subarachnoid space?

A)E
B)F
C)G
D)H
E)I

Question 31

This branch of a spinal nerve serves the deep muscles and skin of the posterior surface of the trunk.

A)Meningeal branch
B)Rami communicantes
C)Brachial plexus
D)Posterior ramus
E)Anterior ramus

Question 32

Which of following is NOT a function of the spinal reflexes that use muscle spindles and tendon organs as sensors?

A)Awareness of muscle tension in body
B)Prevention of damage to muscles
C)Protection of spinal nerves
D)Prevention of damage to tendons
E)Maintenance of muscle tone

Question 33

A somatic spinal reflex that involves one effector muscle being stimulated while the opposing muscle is inhibited is called_______ innervation.

A)reversal
B)relaxed
C)representative
D)reciprocal
E)relegated

Question 34

Where is the subdural space?

A)E
B)F
C)G
D)H
E)I

Question 35

Which of the following parts of a nervous reflex arc is usually a muscle or gland?

A)Sensory receptor
B)Sensory neuron
C)Motor neuron
D)Effector
E)Integration center

Question 36

Where is the pia mater?

A)E
B)F
C)G
D)H
E)I

Question 37

Which of the labeled structures contains cerebral spinal fluid?

A)A
B)D
C)E
D)F
E)All of these choices

Question 38

Which of the labeled structures carries exclusively sensory information towards the spinal cord?

A)B
B)C
C)F
D)G
E)H

Question 39

In response to a tendon being stretched excessively,a tendon organ initiates a somatic spinal reflex that causes?1.contraction of the agonist muscle.?2.relaxation of the antagonist muscle.?3.contraction of the antagonist muscle.?4.relaxation of the agonist muscle.

A)1 only
B)2 only
C)3 only
D)4 only
E)3 and 4

Question 40

A typical spinal nerve has how many connections to the spinal cord?

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4
E)5

Question 41

Name and describe the locations of the four major plexuses of spinal nerves.

Question 42

Which of the following structures is labeled E in the diagram?

A)Lumbar enlargement
B)Cervical enlargement
C)Conus medullaris
D)Cauda equina
E)Obturator nerve

Question 43

Where is the anterior gray horn?

A)B
B)C
C)H
D)I
E)None of these choices

Question 44

Which portion of the spinal cord is only present in the thoracic and upper lumbar segments of the spinal cord?

A)D
B)E
C)F
D)I
E)J

Question 45

Where is the anterior white column?

A)B
B)C
C)H
D)I
E)J

Question 46

Where is the lateral white column?

A)C
B)D
C)G
D)H
E)I

Question 47

Which of the labeled structures carries exclusively motor information away from the spinal cord?

A)B
B)C
C)F
D)G
E)H

Question 48

Where is the pia mater?

A)D
B)E
C)F
D)G
E)H

Question 49

Which of the following structures is labeled B in the diagram?

A)Lumbar enlargement
B)Cervical enlargement
C)Conus medullaris
D)Cauda equina
E)Obturator nerve

Question 50

Describe the cross-sectional anatomy of the spinal cord.

Question 51

Where is the epidural space?

A)A
B)D
C)E
D)F
E)G

Question 52

Which portion of the spinal cord contains cell bodies and axons of interneurons as well as incoming axons of sensory neurons?

A)B
B)C
C)D
D)H
E)I

Question 53

Which of the following structures is labeled D in the diagram?

A)Lumbar enlargement
B)Cervical enlargement
C)Conus medullaris
D)Cauda equina
E)Obturator nerve

Question 54

Where is the posterior median sulcus?

A)A
B)E
C)F
D)H
E)J

Question 55

Identify and describe the function of each of the components of a spinal reflex arc.

Question 56

Which portion of the spinal cord contains the cell bodies of somatic motor neurons and motor nuclei?

A)B
B)C
C)D
D)H
E)I

Question 57

Describe the gross external anatomy of the spinal cord.

Question 58

Which of the following structures is labeled G in the diagram?

A)Lumbar enlargement
B)Cervical enlargement
C)Conus medullaris
D)Cauda equina
E)Obturator nerve

Question 59

Where is the posterior ramus?

A)B
B)C
C)G
D)H
E)None of these choices

Question 60

Where is the anterior (ventral)root of a spinal nerve?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)G
E)H

Question 61

Which of the following nerves is labeled D in the diagram?

A)phrenic nerve
B)ulnar nerve
C)intercostal nerve
D)femoral nerve
E)tibial nerve

Question 62

The nerve labeled A in the diagram arises from which plexus?

A)cervical plexus
B)brachial plexus
C)lumbar plexus
D)sacral plexus
E)coccygeal plexus

Question 63

The structure labeled F in the diagram belongs to which group of spinal nerves?

A)cervical nerves
B)thoracic nerves
C)lumbar nerves
D)sacral nerves
E)coccygeal nerves

Question 64

The structure labeled A in the diagram belongs to which group of spinal nerves?

A)cervical nerves
B)thoracic nerves
C)lumbar nerves
D)sacral nerves
E)coccygeal nerves

Question 65

The structure labeled I in the diagram belongs to which group of spinal nerves?

A)cervical nerves
B)thoracic nerves
C)lumbar nerves
D)sacral nerves
E)coccygeal nerves

Question 66

Which of the following nerves is labeled E in the diagram?

A)phrenic nerve
B)ulnar nerve
C)intercostal nerve
D)femoral nerve
E)tibial nerve

Question 67

Which of the following nerves is labeled C in the diagram?

A)phrenic nerve
B)ulnar nerve
C)intercostal nerve
D)femoral nerve
E)tibial nerve

Question 68

Which of the following nerves is labeled F in the diagram?

A)phrenic nerve
B)axillary nerve
C)intercostal nerve
D)femoral nerve
E)common fibular nerve

Question 69

Which nerve labeled in the diagram does NOT arise from any plexus?

A)A
B)B
C)D
D)E
E)G

Question 70

Which of the following nerves is labeled A in the diagram?

A)phrenic nerve
B)ulnar nerve
C)intercostal nerve
D)femoral nerve
E)tibial nerve

Question 71

The nerve labeled B in the diagram arises from which plexus?

A)cervical plexus
B)brachial plexus
C)lumbar plexus
D)sacral plexus
E)coccygeal plexus

Question 72

Which of the following nerves is labeled G in the diagram?

A)phrenic nerve
B)ulnar nerve
C)intercostal nerve
D)femoral nerve
E)tibial nerve

Question 73

The nerve labeled F in the diagram arises from which plexus?

A)cervical plexus
B)brachial plexus
C)lumbar plexus
D)sacral plexus
E)coccygeal plexus

Question 74

Which of the following nerves is labeled B in the diagram?

A)phrenic nerve
B)axillary nerve
C)intercostal nerve
D)femoral nerve
E)common fibular nerve

Question 75

Which of the following regions of the spinal cord contains a conspicuous enlargement?

A)filum terminale
B)cervical region
C)thoracic region
D)sacral region
E)coccygeal region

Question 76

The structure labeled H in the diagram belongs to which group of spinal nerves?

A)cervical nerves
B)thoracic nerves
C)lumbar nerves
D)sacral nerves
E)coccygeal nerves

Question 77

The nerve labeled E in the diagram arises from which plexus?

A)cervical plexus
B)brachial plexus
C)lumbar plexus
D)sacral plexus
E)coccygeal plexus

Question 78

Describe the basic anatomy of a spinal nerve plexus.

Question 79

The structure labeled C in the diagram belongs to which group of spinal nerves?

A)cervical nerves
B)thoracic nerves
C)lumbar nerves
D)sacral nerves
E)coccygeal nerves

Question 80

Which nerves labeled in the diagram form the sciatic nerve?

A)B and C
B)A and B
C)F and G
D)E and F
E)D and E