Deck 24: Metabolism

Question 1

Where can pyruvate dehydrogenase be found?

A)Cytosol of the cell
B)Plasma membrane
C)Lysozyme
D)Mitochondria
E)Interstitial fluid

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Oxidation is

A)The removal of protons
B)The removal of electrons
C)The addition of protons
D)The addition of electrons
E)None of these choices

Answer 2

B

Question 3

How many ATPs can come from substrate level phosphorylation during glycolysis?

A)0
B)1
C)2
D)3
E)4

Answer 3

C

Question 4

What hormone stimulates gluconeogenesis?

A)Insulin
B)Human Growth hormone
C)Epinephrine
D)Thyroid hormone
E)Cortisol

Question 5

How many reactions take place during the Krebs cycle?

A)4
B)6
C)8
D)10
E)12

Question 6

The net result of the complete oxidation of glucose does NOT include:

A)water
B)carbon dioxide
C)ATP
D)oxygen
E)waste heat

Question 7

When the terminal phosphate is cut off ATP what is formed?

A)Adenosine diphosphate
B)GTP
C)Adenosine monophosphate
D)Metabolic water
E)Glucose

Question 8

The most abundant product of the reactions of the Krebs cycle is

A)Carbon dioxide
B)GTP
C)Reduced coenzymes
D)pyruvate
E)water

Question 9

Chemical reactions that break down complex organic molecules into simpler ones are called:

A)Metabolism
B)Anabolism
C)Catabolism
D)Metatheses
E)Oxidation reactions

Question 10

This process is the synthesis of triglycerides.

A)Gluconeogensis
B)Lipogenesis
C)Phosphorylation
D)Glycolysis
E)Lipolysis

Question 11

Chemical reactions that combine simple molecules and monomers to form complex structures are known as

A)Metabolism
B)Anabolism
C)Catabolism
D)Metatheses
E)None of these choices

Question 12

Glycogenesis is NOT

A)performed by the hepatocytes
B)performed by muscle fibers
C)one way to make glycogen
D)one way to make glucose
E)only seen in the liver

Question 13

This is a derivative of riboflavin.

A)NAD
B)FAD
C)Lactic acid
D)Pyruvic acid
E)ADP

Question 14

Accumulation of a large amount of H+ between the inner and outer mitochondrial membranes,is described as

A)Proton pump
B)Chemiosmosis
C)Krebs cycle
D)ATP synthesis
E)Glycolysis

Question 15

What hormone stimulates glycogenesis?

A)Insulin
B)Glucase
C)Estrogen
D)Lactic acid
E)Protease

Question 16

Glycolysis,formation of acetyl CoA,Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain are all involved in:

A)Lipogensis
B)Gluconeogenesis
C)Glucose catabolism
D)Formation of Glycogen
E)Formation of vitamin C

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a form of phosphorylation?

A)Reduction phosphorylation
B)Substrate level phosphorylation
C)Oxidative phosphorylation
D)Photophosphorylation
E)None of these choices

Question 18

This reaction oxidizes acetyl CoA to produce carbon dioxide,ATP,NADH+H+ and FADH2.

A)Glycolysis
B)Formation of acetyl co-A
C)Krebs cycle
D)Electron transport chain
E)Phosphorylation

Question 19

This is the key regulator of the rate of glycolysis.

A)ATP
B)NADH
C)Phosphofructokinase
D)Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
E)FAD

Question 20

Reduction is the

A)The removal of protons
B)The removal of electrons
C)The addition of protons
D)The addition of electrons
E)None of these choices

Question 21

Which of the following is NOT a postabsorptive state reaction?

A)Breakdown of liver glycogen
B)Lipogenesis
C)Gluconeogenesis using lactic acid
D)Gluconeogenesis using amino acids
E)None of these choices

Question 22

These transport dietary lipids.

A)Apoproteins
B)Low density lipoproteins
C)Chylomicrons
D)Very low density lipoproteins
E)High density lipoproteins

Question 23

Which of the following is a factor that does NOT affect heat production?

A)Exercise
B)Hormones
C)Nervous system
D)Ingestion of food
E)Blood volume

Question 24

Lipogenesis occurs when

A)More calories are consumed than required for ATP need
B)Less calories are consumed than required for ATP need
C)More cholesterol is consumed than required for ATP need
D)Less cholesterol is consumed than required for ATP need
E)Gluconeogenesis fails

Question 25

Glucose-6-phosphate

A)Can be used to make ribose-5-phosphate
B)Can be dephosphorylated to glucose
C)Can be used to synthesize glycogen
D)Can be converted to pyruvic acid
E)All of these choices

Question 26

Why is Calorie always spelled with a capital "C"?

A)It is named after Dr.Calorie
B)It is named for the country where it was discovered
C)It is named after the province where it was discovered
D)To distinguish it from the chemistry term calory
E)None of these choices

Question 27

Cardiac muscles can produce ATP from

A)Lactic acid
B)Pyruvic acid
C)Glucose-6-phosphate
D)Proteins
E)Lipids

Question 28

Keto acids

A)Can enter the Krebs cycle
B)Are used for ATP production
C)Can be used to make lipids
D)Can enter Krebs or be used for ATP production
E)Convert into aldehydes in the liver

Question 29

Glycogenolysis is ________ and stimulated by ___________

A)Anabolic,Insulin
B)Catabolic,Epinephrine
C)Catabolic,Insulin
D)Anabolic,Epinephrine
E)Metathesis,Insulin

Question 30

The most dramatic metabolic change that occurs with fasting is

A)Decrease in the formation of ketone bodies
B)Increase in ATP production
C)Inhibition of insulin
D)Decrease in heart rate and blood pressure
E)Increase in Lipolysis

Question 31

This is a mechanism of heat transfer that involves direct contact.

A)Conduction
B)Convection
C)Radiation
D)Evaporation
E)Metabolic rate

Question 32

Excess amino acids in the body are

A)Excreted in urine
B)Excreted in feces
C)Converted into glucose
D)Stored as ATP
E)Converted into proteins

Question 33

Thyroid hormones:

A)Aid in glycogenesis
B)Inhibit gluconeogensis
C)Inhibit lipogenesis
D)Promote glycolysis
E)Promote gluconeogenesis

Question 34

Most cholesterol medications are designed to:

A)Inhibit excretion of bile in the feces
B)Promote the absorption of cholesterol
C)Decrease the filtration of cholesterol
D)Inhibit glucose absorption
E)None of these choices

Question 35

Which of the following are used in "metabolic crossroads"?

A)Pyruvic acid
B)Glycogen
C)Ribose
D)ATP
E)Lipase

Question 36

Where does the Krebs cycle take place?

A)Cytosol
B)Plasma membrane
C)Nucleus
D)Mitochondria
E)Golgi Apparatus

Question 37

Liver cells convert:

A)Urea into ammonia
B)Ammonia into lactic acid
C)Lactic acid into urea
D)Pyruvic acid into urea
E)Ammonia into urea

Question 38

In the absorptive state

A)Storage of energy is important
B)Filtration is important
C)Reabsorption is important
D)Synthesis is important
E)Production of heat is important

Question 39

In the absorptive state,most glucose that enters the liver is converted to

A)Pyruvic acid
B)Glycogen
C)Amino acids
D)Insulin
E)Glucase

Question 40

Where does glycolysis take place?

A)Cytosol
B)Plasma membrane
C)Nucleus
D)Mitochondria
E)Golgi Apparatus

Question 41

The higher the relative humidity

A)The higher the rate of radiation
B)The lower the rate of conduction
C)The higher the rate of convection
D)The lower the rate of thermoregulation
E)The lower the rate of evaporation

Question 42

Describe the role of the hypothalamus in regulation of food intake.

Question 43

Which of the following is a fat-soluble vitamin?

A)Vitamin B
B)Vitamin E
C)Vitamin C
D)Vitamin O
E)None of these choices

Question 44

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone is secreted by the

A)Anterior pituitary
B)Hypothalamus
C)Cerebral cortex
D)Liver
E)Kidney

Question 45

The heat promoting center stimulates parts of the brain that

A)Decrease smooth muscle tone
B)Increase blood glucose
C)Stimulates skeletal muscle activity
D)Inhibits the sympathetic division
E)None of these choices

Question 46

Identify the different types of lipoproteins and describe the function of each.

Question 47

Food induced thermogenesis

A)Accounts for 30% of total energy expended
B)Is known as insensible loss
C)Is inhibited by the hypothalamus
D)Is the opposite of ketosis
E)None of these choices

Question 48

Provitamins are

A)Building blocks of vitamins
B)Broken down glucose molecules
C)Derivatives of minerals
D)Found only in the blood
E)Not stored in the body

Question 49

What are the possible fates of pyruvic acid in the body? What is the primary determinant of the fate of pyruvic acid? What is the fate of compounds to which pyruvic acid may be converted?

Question 50

Antioxidant vitamins

A)Are found in plasma membranes
B)Are vitamin derivatives
C)Can inactivate oxygen free radicals
D)Are all excreted in feces
E)Are all stored in adipose cells

Question 51

Briefly outline the possible fates of glucose in the body.

Question 52

Which vitamins are considered "antioxidant vitamins?" Why is this role so important?

Question 53

Which of the following is not a major nutrient the body needs?

A)Carbohydrates
B)Glycogen
C)Proteins
D)Minerals
E)Vitamins

Question 54

Neuropeptide Y stimulates

A)Release of insulin
B)Inhibition of glucagons
C)Thirst centers
D)Thermogenesis
E)Food intake