Deck 72: Infections of the Urinary Tract

Question 1

The most common etiologic agent in uncomplicated community-acquired urinary tract infection is:

A) Escherichia coli.
B) Klebsiella spp.
C) Staphylococcus saprophyticus.
D) Streptococcus pyogenes.

Answer 1

A
E.coli is the most frequently isolated agent of uncomplicated community-acquired urinary tract infections.

Question 2

MATCHING
Match the condition with its definition.
a.Infection of the terminal portion of the lower urinary tract
b.Isolation of a specified quantitative count of bacteria in an appropriately collected urine specimen obtained from a person without symptoms or signs of urinary infection
c.Infection of the bladder
d.Dysuria, frequency, and urgency, but a specimen yielding fewer organisms than 105 CFU/mL urine on culture
e.Inflammation of the kidney parenchyma, calices (cup-shaped division of the renal pelvis), and pelvis
Acute urethral syndrome

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The term acute urethral syndrome is used to describe a syndrome of symptoms that include:

A) greater than 105 colony-forming units of bacteria per milliliter (CFU/mL) of urine, dysuria, and frequent urination.
B) dysuria, frequency, and urgency but a specimen yielding fewer organisms than 105 CFU/mL urine on culture.
C) fever and flank pain, dysuria, vomiting, diarrhea, chills, increased heart rate, and lower abdominal pain.
D) dysuria, frequency and urgency along with tenderness and pain over the area of the bladder.

Answer 3

B
Patients with this syndrome are primarily young, sexually active women, who experience dysuria, frequency, and urgency, but a specimen yields fewer organisms than 10⁵ CFU/mL urine on culture.Almost 50% of all women who seek medical attention for complaints of symptoms of acute cystitis fall into this group.

Question 4

MATCHING
Match the condition with its definition.
a.Infection of the terminal portion of the lower urinary tract
b.Isolation of a specified quantitative count of bacteria in an appropriately collected urine specimen obtained from a person without symptoms or signs of urinary infection
c.Infection of the bladder
d.Dysuria, frequency, and urgency, but a specimen yielding fewer organisms than 105 CFU/mL urine on culture
e.Inflammation of the kidney parenchyma, calices (cup-shaped division of the renal pelvis), and pelvis
Asymptomatic bacteriuria

Question 5

The resident microflora that can colonize the bladder and other structures of the urinary tract are:

A) Enterobacteriaceae.
B) yeast.
C) Propionibacterium acnes.
D) Corynebacteria.

Question 6

Mucosal antibacterial properties, a valvelike mechanism, host immune responses, and defensins are all host defense mechanisms found in the ______ tract.

A) digestive
B) upper respiratory
C) urinary
D) genital

Question 7

MATCHING
Match the condition with its definition.
a.Infection of the terminal portion of the lower urinary tract
b.Isolation of a specified quantitative count of bacteria in an appropriately collected urine specimen obtained from a person without symptoms or signs of urinary infection
c.Infection of the bladder
d.Dysuria, frequency, and urgency, but a specimen yielding fewer organisms than 105 CFU/mL urine on culture
e.Inflammation of the kidney parenchyma, calices (cup-shaped division of the renal pelvis), and pelvis
Cystitis

Question 8

The most frequent cause of uncomplicated community-acquired urinary tract infections is:

A) Staphylococcus saprophyticus.
B) Klebsiella spp.
C) Escherichia coli.
D) Proteus.

Question 9

MATCHING
Match the condition with its definition.
a.Infection of the terminal portion of the lower urinary tract
b.Isolation of a specified quantitative count of bacteria in an appropriately collected urine specimen obtained from a person without symptoms or signs of urinary infection
c.Infection of the bladder
d.Dysuria, frequency, and urgency, but a specimen yielding fewer organisms than 105 CFU/mL urine on culture
e.Inflammation of the kidney parenchyma, calices (cup-shaped division of the renal pelvis), and pelvis
Urethritis

Question 10

MATCHING
Match the condition with its definition.
a.Infection of the terminal portion of the lower urinary tract
b.Isolation of a specified quantitative count of bacteria in an appropriately collected urine specimen obtained from a person without symptoms or signs of urinary infection
c.Infection of the bladder
d.Dysuria, frequency, and urgency, but a specimen yielding fewer organisms than 105 CFU/mL urine on culture
e.Inflammation of the kidney parenchyma, calices (cup-shaped division of the renal pelvis), and pelvis
Pyelonephritis