Deck 22: Reproduction and Development of Flowering Plants

Question 1

Angiosperms owe their widespread distribution to their production of pollen,seeds and flowers.What is the greatest advantage to the production of flowers?

A) It allows fertilization in the absence of water.
B) It is necessary for sexual reproduction.
C) It promotes pollination.
D) It allows fertilization in moist areas.
E) It protects and nourishes the embryo.

Answer 1

C
Explanation: Flowers greatly improve the efficiency of bringing sperm and egg together.

Question 2

Male gametophytes are made in each 

A) stamen.
B) calyx.
C) stigma.
D) carpel.
E) corolla.

Answer 2

A
Explanation: Stamens, specifically in the anthers, produce pollen grains, which are the male gametophytes of flowering plants.

Question 3

The sporophyte generation of a plant is ________ and produces ________ spores.

A) triploid; diploid
B) haploid; diploid
C) triploid; haploid
D) diploid; haploid
E) multicellular; diploid

Answer 3

D
Explanation: Sporophytes produce haploid gametophytes by meiosis followed by mitosis.

Question 4

Angiosperms owe their widespread distribution to their production of pollen,seeds,and flowers.What is the greatest advantage to the production of pollen?

A) It allows fertilization in the absence of water.
B) It is necessary for sexual reproduction.
C) It allows fertilization in moist areas.
D) It promotes pollination.
E) It protects and nourishes the embryo.

Question 5

The egg-bearing structure of a flower is the

A) stigma.
B) ovule.
C) style.
D) anther.
E) sepal.

Question 6

If asked to place a label in the pollen-producing part of a flower,you would put the label on the 

A) stigma.
B) style.
C) ovary.
D) sepal.
E) anther.

Question 7

In all major groups of multicellular organisms,________ produces the cells that begin the haploid generation,and ________ unites the gametes to begin the diploid generation.

A) mitosis; pollination
B) meiosis; fertilization
C) pollination; fertilization
D) fertilization; meiosis
E) fertilization; mitosis

Question 8

The portion of a flower that receives the pollen is the

A) style.
B) anther.
C) ovary.
D) stigma.
E) sepal.

Question 9

Whorl one,the outermost whorl of a flower,is made up of the

A) female reproductive parts of a flower.
B) male reproductive parts of a flower.
C) sepals.
D) petals.
E) stem region.

Question 10

If asked to extract DNA from the megaspores of an apple flower,what part would you select?

A) anther
B) ovule
C) corolla
D) sepal
E) stigma

Question 11

If whorl four of a plant was damaged,this would interfere with

A) supporting the flower.
B) the male reproductive parts.
C) the female reproductive part.
D) attracting pollinators.
E) pollen availability.

Question 12

The flower whorl that produces female gametophytes contains at least one 

A) carpel.
B) calyx.
C) stamen.
D) anther.
E) corolla.

Question 13

If you were given two plants and told that they were clones of another plant,you would know that they were 

A) offspring that are produced sexually and are genetically identical to their parent.
B) offspring that are genetically different from their parent.
C) produced by asexual reproduction and genetically different from their parent.
D) offspring that are produced asexually and are genetically identical to their parent.
E) produced by sexual reproduction.

Question 14

Angiosperms owe their widespread distribution to their production of pollen,seeds and flowers.What is the greatest advantage to the production of seeds?

A) It allows fertilization in the absence of water.
B) It protects and nourishes the embryo.
C) It is necessary for sexual reproduction.
D) It allows fertilization in moist areas.
E) It promotes pollination.

Question 15

A sweet substance used by many angiosperms to lure pollinators is

A) pollen.
B) honey.
C) "honey dew."
D) phloem sap.
E) nectar.

Question 16

Whorl three of a flower is made up of the

A) female reproductive parts of a flower.
B) male reproductive parts of a flower.
C) sepals.
D) petals.
E) stem region.

Question 17

The number of similar anatomical parts,called whorls,that make up a flower is

A) one.
B) two.
C) three.
D) four.
E) five.

Question 18

Where are microspores produced in a flower?

A) anther
B) corolla
C) sepal
D) ovule
E) stigma

Question 19

If you were working for a florist and were asked to not damage the showiest parts of the flowers while working on them,you would know that you were asked to be careful with the

A) petals.
B) female reproductive parts of a flower.
C) male reproductive parts of a flower.
D) sepals.
E) stem region.

Question 20

Whorl four of a flower is made up of the

A) male reproductive parts of a flower.
B) sepals.
C) petals.
D) female reproductive parts of a flower.
E) stem region.

Question 21

The reason why one bad apple can lead to a bushel of bad apples is that the bad apple produces lots of

A) auxin.
B) cytokinin.
C) abscisic acid.
D) gibberellin.
E) ethylene.

Question 22

If you were given a bumpy fruit that clearly had one set of sepals around it and the bumps were the result of individual carpels having fused back to themselves,what kind of fruit would you have?

A) simple
B) aggregate
C) double
D) axillary
E) multiple

Question 23

You plant a seed in a pot containing soil,and then add water and place the pot under a light.After the seedling emerged,complete with two green leaves,the carbon dioxide levels decreased in the closed chamber.This indicated that ________ was occurring.

A) photosynthesis
B) cellular respiration
C) meiosis
D) alcohol fermentation
E) fertilization

Question 24

You are given a plant tissue sample made from seeds.When tested,the sample proves to have three copies of each chromosome per cell.You have been given 

A) endosperm.
B) endoderm.
C) mesosperm.
D) mesoderm.
E) microspore.

Question 25

A seed's directional response to gravity is called

A) thigmotropism.
B) phototropism.
C) organotropism.
D) gravitropism.
E) chemotropism.

Question 26

A directional response to touch exhibited by plants is called

A) thigmotropism.
B) gravitropism.
C) phototropism.
D) organotropism.
E) chemotropism.

Question 27

The plant hormone that triggers the withering of petals and stamens and promotes fruit ripening is

A) abscisic acid.
B) cytokinin.
C) gibberellin.
D) auxin.
E) ethylene.

Question 28

Where is the energy stored in a fertilized angiosperm?

A) endosperm
B) stigma
C) zygote
D) pollen
E) egg

Question 29

If you wanted to increase cell division in the seeds,roots,young leaves,and fruits of a plant,which hormone would you add? 

A) cytokinin
B) gibberellin
C) auxin
D) ethylene
E) abscisic acid

Question 30

If you examined a pea pod carefully,you would see that it was the result of one carpel.That would make it what kind of fruit?

A) simple
B) double
C) aggregate
D) axillary
E) multiple

Question 31

In plants,molecules that detect the wavelength and intensity of light are

A) chemoreceptors.
B) photoreceptors.
C) mechanoreceptors.
D) pressure receptors.
E) gradient receptors.

Question 32

If a gardener cuts the apical meristem of a plant,lateral buds begin to grow,which causes a bushier shape to develop.This is because the apical meristem normally secretes auxins that do which of the following?

A) stimulate the growth of lateral buds
B) suppress the growth of the apical meristem
C) stimulate the growth of the apical meristem
D) suppress the growth of lateral buds
E) stimulate the growth of roots

Question 33

You plant a seed in a pot containing soil,and then add water and place the pot under a light.After the seedling emerged,complete with two green leaves,the carbon dioxide levels decreased in the closed chamber.The developing seedling was using which of the following as a source of energy while the carbon dioxide levels were decreasing?

A) water from the soil
B) starch from the seed
C) sugars from the soil
D) nutrients from the soil
E) light

Question 34

The main pollinators of red flowers are

A) beetles.
B) bees.
C) birds.
D) moths.
E) bats.

Question 35

A(n)________ is a chemical synthesized in small quantities in one part of an organism and transported to another,where a target cell is affected.

A) enzyme
B) megaspore
C) microspore
D) hormone
E) gametophyte

Question 36

The resumption of growth and development after a period of seed dormancy is

A) germination.
B) fertilization.
C) pollination.
D) stagnation.
E) transpiration.

Question 37

The main pollinators of flowers that are easy to locate at night are

A) beetles.
B) birds.
C) bats and moths.
D) bees.
E) flies.

Question 38

The main pollinators of flowers that have markings visible only under ultraviolet light are

A) beetles.
B) birds.
C) bats and moths.
D) bees.
E) flies.

Question 39

Pollination is the transfer of pollen from a(n)________ to a receptive ________.

A) ovary; stigma
B) stigma; ovary
C) stigma; anther
D) anther; stigma
E) No answer is correct.

Question 40

You plant a seed in a pot containing soil,and then add water and place the pot under a light.In the first week,before the seedling even emerged from the soil,carbon dioxide levels increased in the closed chamber.The developing plant was using which of the following as a source of energy during this first week?

A) light
B) starch from the seed
C) water from the soil
D) sugars from the soil
E) nutrients from the soil

Question 41

Fruits are used to

A) protect seeds.
B) disperse seeds.
C) attract pollinators.
D) protect and disperse seeds.
E) attract pollinators and protect seeds.

Question 42

Gametophytes are haploid.

Question 43

Cytokinins are plant hormones that stimulate the ripening of fruit.

Question 44

Coconuts are fruits containing seeds that are usually wind-dispersed.

Question 45

In the experiments described in the Investigating Life feature,what animals were most likely to eat the hot chilies?

A) cactus mice
B) pack rats
C) thrashers
D) cactus mice and pack rats
E) thrashers, cactus mice, and pack rats all ate the peppers equally

Question 46

As a seed germinates,its shoot points upward toward light,and its root grows downward into the soil.Turn the plant sideways,and the stem and roots bend according to the new direction of gravity.How do roots and shoots respond to gravity?

A) by the absorption of light by phytochromes
B) through circadian rhythms
C) through thigmotropism
D) by sensing the photoperiod
E) by the movement of plastids in root cap cells

Question 47

Cocklebur will not flower if exposed to 8 hours of dark and 16 hours of light.It will flower if exposed to 16 hours of dark and 8 hours of light.However,if the 16 hours of dark is interrupted with a brief period of light the cocklebur will not flower.What triggers cocklebur to flower?

A) short dark periods
B) short light periods
C) long light periods
D) long dark periods
E) No answer is correct.

Question 48

A sweet,juicy red berry is probably dispersed by attaching to an animal's fur.

Question 49

Fruit develops from the

A) ovary.
B) stigma.
C) style.
D) ovule.
E) stamen.

Question 50

One way to get fruit to ripen faster is to place it in a paper bag with other ripe fruit.Which of the following best explains this observation?

A) Ripe fruit releases ethylene gas.
B) Ripe fruit breaks down auxins.
C) The lack of oxygen promotes photosynthesis, which ripens the fruit.
D) Ripe fruit carries fungi that attack other fruit.
E) When fruit is in the dark, it thinks it is underground and begins to germinate.

Question 51

In the late 1870s,Charles Darwin and his son Francis discovered that if the tip of the grass was covered,phototropism did not occur,even though the rest of the grass was exposed to light.However,if the rest of the plant was covered and only the tip exposed to light,the grass bent a few centimeters below the tip.How could light striking the tip of the grass cause bending a few centimeters from the tip?

A) The light must be striking the cells that bend as well.
B) A hormone must be carrying the response from the tip to the site of bending.
C) The bending must start at the tip and move down the entire blade of grass.
D) Bending is independent of the source of light.
E) The light is being transmitted from the tip to cells at the site of bending.

Question 52

A short-day plant flowers when nights are long.

Question 53

Clover will flower if exposed to 8 hours of dark and 16 hours of light.It will not flower if exposed to 16 hours of dark and 8 hours of light.However,if the 16 hours of dark is interrupted with a brief period of light the clover will flower.Which triggers clover to flower?

A) short dark periods
B) long dark periods
C) short light periods
D) long light periods
E) both long and short dark periods

Question 54

Cytokinins are produced in the root apical meristem and stimulate the growth of lateral buds.How do cytokinins reach the lateral buds?

A) through the phloem
B) through the xylem or phloem
C) through the xylem
D) by diffusion as a gas
E) through the phloem or by diffusion as a gas

Question 55

In reproduction of flowering plants,

A) animals can disperse pollen.
B) animals can disperse seeds.
C) wind can disperse pollen.
D) wind can disperse seeds.
E) All of the answers choices are correct.

Question 56

How are animals involved in the life cycle of plants?

A) as pollinators only
B) as pollinators and seed dispersers
C) as seed dispersers only
D) as seed germinators only
E) as seed germinators and dispersers

Question 57

Gymnosperms are flowering plants.

Question 58

Sporophytes are haploid.

Question 59

As discussed in the Investigating Life feature,scientists tested the hypothesis that chili peppers are hot

A) to deter seed destroyers without affecting dispersers.
B) to deter all animals from destroying the seeds.
C) to promote dispersion when animals drop the hot fruit.
D) for a reason unrelated to seed dispersal or destruction.
E) to promote pollination of the peppers.

Question 60

A dry,spiny fruit is probably dispersed by attaching to an animal's fur.

Question 61

Which is not a variable in the reproduction of flowering plants?

A) hereditary information passed asexually
B) hereditary information passed sexually
C) hormones
D) gravity
E) seasonal changes in temperature and light