Deck 8: Terrorist Spillovers: International Terrorism

Question 1

Which of the following propositions best summarizes the attributes of weak multipolar terrorist environments?

A) Revolutionary movements are independent of government constraints.
B) Several governments support their favored groups.
C) Several governments support their favored groups, but many of these groups are relatively independent.
D) A single state sponsor supports international terrorism.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Which of the following examples represents a case study for the role of history as a motivation for international terrorism?

A) the Armenian genocide
B) the Palestinian case
C) the Red Brigade in Italy
D) both "the Armenian genocide" and "the Palestinian case"

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Some "sleeper cells" remain viable by ______.

A) integrating themselves into the society they will eventually attack
B) literally remaining indoor and coming out only at night
C) providing assistance to families of their supporters, in exchange for anonymity
D) all of these

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which of the following propositions best explains why international terrorists often select transportation carriers and nodes?

A) Transportation carriers often symbolize the nations in which they are incorporated.
B) Many transportation carriers and terminals provide transportation services for international travelers.
C) Maximum publicity will be received within the nations whose citizens are victims of the attack.
D) All of these.

Question 5

Which of the following propositions best summarizes how the concept of imperialism is used as a justification for international political violence?

A) Jewish interests and civilians represent Western imposition of the state of Israel on Arab and Muslim land and are therefore legitimate targets.
B) Facilities and employees of multinational corporations represent Western economic exploitation and are therefore legitimate targets.
C) Ethnic and racial minorities represent the imposition of Western principles of equality and are therefore legitimate targets.
D) Foreign interests and civilians represent vestiges of Western empire building and are therefore legitimate targets.

Question 6

Which of the following propositions most accurately describes modern international terrorist networks?

A) International terrorist networks are funded and supported by state sponsors.
B) Many networks are thoroughly infiltrated by counterterrorist agencies.
C) International terrorist networks are mainly hierarchical and well-defined.
D) International terrorist movements regularly create cell-based networking configurations.

Question 7

Terrorists operate on the "world's stage" because ______.

A) international attacks reap propaganda benefits that are impossible when attacks are limited to domestic attacks
B) the use of social networking media and the Internet promulgate their message to a global audience
C) media attention is immediate
D) all of these

Question 8

The modern era of international terrorism was arguably pioneered by which of the following movements?

A) the Tamil Tigers in Sri Lanka
B) Al-Qa'ida
C) the Palestinian movement
D) Carlos "the Jackal"

Question 9

In the modern era, the international terrorist threat to the global community originated from which of the following?

A) terrorist groups operating domestically, led by domestic radicals
B) support for terrorist movements from rival nations during the 1960s and 1970s
C) nuclear-armed adversaries
D) an international conspiracy among terrorist movements

Question 10

Which of the following propositions best summarizes the attributes of monolithic terrorist environments?

A) Revolutionary movements are independent of government constraints.
B) Several governments support their favored groups.
C) Several governments support their favored groups, but many of these groups are relatively independent.
D) A single state sponsor supports international terrorism.

Question 11

Which of the following propositions best summarizes how the concept of Zionism is used as a justification for international political violence?

A) Jewish interests and civilians represent Western imposition of the state of Israel on Arab and Muslim land and are therefore legitimate targets.
B) Facilities and employees of multinational corporations represent Western economic exploitation and are therefore legitimate targets.
C) Ethnic and racial minorities represent the imposition of Western principles of equality and are therefore legitimate targets.
D) Foreign interests and civilians represent vestiges of Western empire building and are therefore legitimate targets.

Question 12

Terrorists engage in international terrorism because it is likely to receive wide publicity.

Question 13

Which of the following propositions best summarizes the attributes of cell-based terrorist environments?

A) Revolutionary movements are independent of government constraints.
B) Several governments support their favored groups.
C) Several governments support their favored groups, but many of these groups are relatively independent.
D) A single state sponsor supports international terrorism.

Question 14

The New Terrorism has arguably affected the modern international terrorist environment by ______.

A) decreasing the possibility of mass-casualty attacks by violent extremists operating far from their homeland
B) increasing the possibility of mass-casualty attacks by violent extremists operating far from their homeland
C) decreasing the sense of "revolutionary solidarity" and communication among violent extremists
D) increasing the sense of "revolutionary solidarity" and communication among violent extremists

Question 15

During the era of the "Old Terrorism," a persistent pattern of international behavior was characterized by ______.

A) the Cold War rivalry between the Soviet Union and the United States
B) a synthesis of nationalism and Marxism by 20th-century revolutionaries in the developing world
C) attempts by former colonial powers to recapture lost colonies
D) both "the Cold War rivalry between the Soviet Union and the United States" and "a synthesis of nationalism and Marxism by 20th-century revolutionaries in the developing world"

Question 16

The concept of the "spillover effect" refers to ______.

A) providing assistance from excess "spillovers" of resources
B) waging revolution or war on the global stage
C) copying the success of other extremist movements
D) all of these

Question 17

The international mujahideen represent an example of ______.

A) an international Marxist insurgency
B) global Islamist extremism
C) nationalist revolutionaries
D) proxies of state terrorism

Question 18

Which of the following propositions most accurately reflects Cold War terrorist networking theory from the perspective of the West?

A) The Soviet Union and allies were behind most terrorist violence.
B) Terrorists supported each other with minimal control by government sponsors.
C) The West controlled more terrorist networks than the Soviet Union.
D) None of these.

Question 19

Which of the following propositions best summarizes the attributes of strong multipolar terrorist environments?

A) Revolutionary movements are independent of government constraints.
B) Several governments support their favored groups.
C) Several governments support their favored groups, but many of these groups are relatively independent.
D) A single state sponsor supports international terrorism.

Question 20

Which of the following propositions best summarizes how the concept of neocolonialism is used as a justification for international political violence?

A) Jewish interests and civilians represent Western imposition of the state of Israel on Arab and Muslim land and are therefore legitimate targets.
B) Facilities and employees of multinational corporations represent Western economic exploitation and are therefore legitimate targets.
C) Ethnic and racial minorities represent the imposition of Western principles of equality and are therefore legitimate targets.
D) Foreign interests and civilians represent vestiges of Western empire building and are therefore legitimate targets.

Question 21

The spillover effect refers to domestic politics that "spills over" into the international arena.

Question 22

Discuss the attributes of the "spillover effect." Why does it occur? From the perspective of dissidents, is it a result of practical necessity? Explain your answer.

Question 23

Briefly explain the tactical reasons for international terrorism.

Question 24

Palestinian nationalists pioneered the modern era of international terrorism.

Question 25

Why has Europe been a frequent location for international terrorism?

Question 26

The March 2004 bombings in Madrid are an example of effective terrorism.

Question 27

Using the Afghan Arabs as an example, what is a potentially ongoing threat scenario from the current war on terrorism?

Question 28

Neocolonialism refers to the domination by Western economic interests of local economies in the developing world.

Question 29

In what ways has Al-Qa'ida evolved into a model or an idea rather than an organization?

Question 30

International terrorist networks tend to be hierarchical and well-defined.

Question 31

Briefly critique the proposition that international terrorism is a highly efficient operational option.

Question 32

The Japanese Red Army caused a rebellion in Japan and is a classic example of a domestic insurgency.

Question 33

What lessons are taken from the Japanese Red Army's attack at Israel's Lod Airport?

Question 34

In your opinion, what is the future of international terrorism?

Question 35

International asymmetrical warfare refers to predictable attacks.

Question 36

How do "sleeper cells" manage to remain viable?

Question 37

Imperialism refers to broad political domination by foreign interests of a local region or country.

Question 38

Select and briefly discuss an example of international terrorism that, in your opinion, was unsuccessful.

Question 39

The international mujahideen is an example of dedicated Marxist insurgents.

Question 40

Select and briefly discuss an example of international terrorism that, in your opinion, was successful.

Question 41

How has the concept of an international profile greatly expanded the number of potential targets in the modern era?

Question 42

How does the example of Armenian terrorist violence against Turkish interests explain the notion that history is a potent motivation for international terrorism?

Question 43

Briefly describe Cold War terrorist-networking theory. Compare and contrast this understanding of terrorist networks with the growth of the Al-Qa'ida-like networks.

Question 44

How has "revolutionary solidarity" been a factor in the incidence of international terrorism? Explain how modern political and religious ideologies have affected international terrorism.

Question 45

What policy lessons are found in jihadist attacks in Europe? What do these cases portend for the concepts of revolutionary solidarity, the spillover effect, and sleeper cells?

Question 46

Discuss the characteristics of international terrorism in the modern era. How has it evolved in the age of globalization? How has the New Terrorism affected the international terrorist environment?

Question 47

Discuss how concepts such as imperialism, neocolonialism, and Zionism are used by extremist to justify international political violence.

Question 48

In your opinion, are the "stateless revolutionaries" a viable phenomenon in the long term? Explain your answer.

Question 49

Discuss why transportation carriers and nodes are selected for attack by terrorists.