Deck 4: Health Communication

Question 1

The patient-centered model of physician-patient interaction tested at the University of Western Ontario identified six components.The list of components includes all but one of the following.

A)understanding the whole person
B)incorporating prevention and health promotion
C)being optimistic
D)enhancing the patient-physician relationship
E)exploring the illness experience

Answer 1

being optimistic

Question 2

Patients who report a preference for assuming a(n)__________ role in their treatment tend to recover _________________ than those who prefer a(n)______________ role.

A)active,slower,inactive
B)active,faster,inactive
C)passive,slower,active
D)inactive,faster,active
E)passive,faster,active

Answer 2

active,faster,inactive

Question 3

Research on the information-giving component of the physician-patient relationship indicates that physicians tend to do all but one of the following

A)bombard their patients with information
B)overestimate the amount of time spent giving information
C)underestimate patients' desire for information
D)withhold information to protect patients from worry
E)be positive and overly optimistic

Answer 3

bombard their patients with information

Question 4

A consultation with a physician that is patient-centred

A)does not take longer than doctor-centred approaches
B)includes questions that require very brief answers
C)is similar to the biomedical communication pattern
D)involves little or no medical jargon
E)is similar to the biopsychosocial communication pattern

Question 5

The amount of participation patients would like in treatment decisions should

A)depend on the physician's desire for patient participation
B)depend on the type of illness
C)depend on the patient's age
D)match the amount of involvement encouraged by the physician
E)match the amount of information the patient can handle

Question 6

Patient satisfaction with medical care is primarily a function of

A)a warm expressive emotional style
B)a good bedside manner
C)quality of the physician-patient relationship
D)patient participation
E)translating medical jargon into understandable language

Question 7

Malpractice suits happen less often if the patients and their families feel that the physician was

A)really trying hard
B)competent but made a single mistake
C)incompetent but nice
D)caring and compassionate
E)deceiving them for the compassionate reasons

Question 8

When a patient seeks advice from the physician and answers the questions that are asked but the physician is responsible for the thinking and decision-making,the physician-patient relationship would follow the

A)guidance-cooperation model
B)active-passive model
C)mutual-participation model
D)collaborative model
E)narrowly biomedical model

Question 9

Gary was in a head-on collision with a truck.When he arrived at the hospital emergency he was unconscious and the medical staff immediately started making decisions.Which model of physician-patient interaction would this represent?

A)the guidance-cooperation model
B)the mutual-participation model
C)the active-passive model
D)expanded biomedical model
E)narrowly biomedical model

Question 10

Julie has a gastric ulcer.Recently,she heard about a new medication that she thought might be helpful.She set up an appointment with her physician so she could get his views.Their communication pattern at the appointment would be considered

A)biopsychosocial
B)consumerist
C)expanded biomedical
D)narrowly biomedical
E)psychosocial

Question 11

Based on the research regarding physician behaviours contributing to faulty communication,a patient should plan to discuss their most important problem first and

A)take no more than 2 minutes to explain
B)the second complaint second and so on
C)not bring up any other problems
D)be prepared to be interrupted after only 23 seconds
E)use medical jargon to explain the problem

Question 12

Patient centred approaches most closely resemble _____________ patterns of communication whereas doctor-centred approaches are more similar to _________ patterns.

A)biomedical;psychosocial
B)consumerist;biomedical
C)psychosocial;biomedical
D)psychosocial;consumerist
E)biopsychosocial;biomedical

Question 13

Patients rely on physicians to provide information about the diagnosis,cause of the problem and methods of treatment.Generally,physicians _________________ the amount of time they were engaged in information giving during an average 20 minute interview.

A)drastically overestimate
B)drastically underestimate
C)realistically estimate
D)slightly underestimate
E)slightly overestimate

Question 14

Physicians use medical jargon for all but one of the following reasons

A)a tendency to overestimate the amount of jargon their patients understand
B)use of medical jargon is highly correlated with intelligence
C)physicians don't want their patients to understand them
D)physician forget their patients do not understand
E)belief that the patient will think they are intelligent

Question 15

Lillian is a 76- year old widow whose husband died 6 months ago.She and her husband had had a busy social life,but since his death she only left the house when she needed to get groceries.When she went to the doctor's he emphasized that she really needed to get out more and that the senior's centre had a very active program.The communication pattern at this visit is

A)consumerist
B)biopsychosocial
C)narrowly biomedical
D)psychosocial
E)expanded biomedical

Question 16

The underlying cause for most of the problems investigated by the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Ontario is

A)medical incompetence
B)improper diagnosis
C)improper treatment
D)inadequate communication
E)physician dissatisfaction

Question 17

The pattern of communication least preferred by both patients and physicians were the

A)consumerist
B)psychosocial
C)biopsychosocial
D)biomedical
E)collaborative

Question 18

According to research,which pattern of communication did younger,male physicians use most often?

A)biomedical
B)psychosocial
C)biopsychosocial
D)consumerist
E)patient-centered

Question 19

Roter and colleagues (1997)used audiotape analysis of the communication patterns of 537 patients.Their analysis revealed 5 distinct communication patterns.A communication characterized mainly by biomedical talk,close ended medical questions and very little discussion of psychosocial topics was called

A)consumerist
B)narrowly biomedical
C)expanded biomedical
D)psychosocial
E)biopsychosocial

Question 20

When a practitioner uses medical jargon in an explanation followed by an explanation of the medical jargon using everyday language it is called

A)a non-discrepant response
B)multilevel explanation
C)talking down
D)educating the patient
E)malpractice prevention

Question 21

The only fool proof method of measuring adherence is

A)asking the patient
B)asking the physician
C)pill counting
D)biochemical tests
E)there is no fool proof method of measuring adherence

Question 22

A physician who makes eye contact,smiles and jokes with the patient will likely find the patient's adherence to medical treatment will ______________

A)increase
B)decrease
C)show no effect but the patient will report liking the physician
D)depend on the appropriateness of the joking
E)show no effect but the physician will be seen as competent

Question 23

All of the following are examples of behavioural strategies which can be effective in increasing patient adherence except

A)providing prompts and reminders
B)tailoring the regimen
C)self-monitoring
D)contingency contracting
E)biochemical tests

Question 24

Which of the following is not a principle for assessing the quality of health-related web sites:

A)Authority
B)Complementarity
C)Confidentiality
D)Attribution
E)Attrition

Question 25

Roter,Larsonm Sands,Ford and Houston (2008)found that the pattern of email exchanges appears to

A)be quite different from the face to face visit
B)be similar to the in-person visit
C)be much longer than the in-person visit
D)take more physician time than the in-person visit
E)be more inconvenient for the physician

Question 26

Which of the following is not a health related use of the internet in Canada

A)Health promotion
B)Health surveys
C)Health information
D)Support
E)Transcript analysis

Question 27

Roter and colleagues (1997)contend that the most powerful intervention to increase adherence include a combination of

A)educational and behavioural strategies
B)behavioural strategies and social support
C)educational and social support
D)educational,behavioural strategies and social support
E)self-monitoring,education and family counselling

Question 28

Social support is defined as the interpersonal resources we have at our disposal to help us cope with stress.Social support may include all but one of the following

A)emotional support
B)practical support
C)informational support
D)instrumental support
E)behavioural support

Question 29

Non-adherence to prescribed medication may include all but one of the following

A)taking medication at the wrong time
B)discontinuing medication before recommended
C)taking medication in the wrong amount
D)not taking the prescribed medication
E)adding a home remedy to the prescribed treatment regimen

Question 30

The advantages of e-mail communication between physicians and patients include all of the following except:

A)saves time
B)convenient
C)makes patients feel more comfortable asking questions
D)allows the message to be saved for reviewing at a later time
E)decreased patient satisfaction

Question 31

Poor communication between physicians and patients can sometimes be attributed to patient behaviours including all but one of the following

A)patients do not answer questions truthfully
B)patients may not remember physician's instructions
C)lack of information seeking behaviour
D)anxiety
E)rushing the physician into making a diagnosis

Question 32

Zhuo is taking medication as prescribed by the doctor.In addition she is taking some herbal supplements recommended by a friend.Zhuo's behaviour is most accurately described as

A)adherence
B)non-adherence
C)creative non-adherence
D)augmentation
E)compliance to a lay referral system

Question 33

The most frequently written about topics via e-mail included all of the following except:

A)exchange of pleasantries and non-medical information
B)exchange of medical information
C)an update on the patient's medical condition
D)subspecialty evaluation
E)medication information

Question 34

George went to a doctor's appointment.The doctor asked the following questions,"Are you having pain? Do you have pain after breakfast? Do you have pain after supper? Is it severe?.This communication style is best described as the ___________ approach.

A)doctor-centred
B)patient-centred
C)pain-centred
D)multilevel
E)non-discrepant

Question 35

The internet is particularly relevant to health in Canada because

A)there are not enough doctors
B)Canadian's are more likely to develop certain illnesses
C)geography provides challenges for health care access
D)Canadian's are information seekers
E)computer technology is limited

Question 36

When asked about treatment adherence,both patients and physicians tend to

A)underestimate adherence
B)overestimate adherence
C)rely on treatment effects to determine adherence
D)ignore the importance of adherence
E)prefer biochemical tests

Question 37

Which of the following is most likely to contribute to non-adherence to a medical regimen?

A)doctored centred communication patterns
B)availability of lay referral system
C)unpleasant side effects
D)duration of the treatment
E)patient centred communication patterns

Question 38

Social concordance refers to

A)a preference for same-sex physicians
B)a preference for a physician in the same social class
C)similarity in social characteristics between dyad members in an interaction
D)similarity in gender and race but not education or age
E)a preference for physicians of the same race

Question 39

Dale had moderate pain in his right great toe three times in the last two years.He was told that he has gout.Dale was given medication each time,which relieved the discomfort.Yesterday,he went to the doctor and was told that he had gout again and that he should take the medication on an ongoing basis,one pill after breakfast and one at bedtime.After 2 months,Dale decided not to continue taking the medication.Dale's behaviour can be explained by the fact that

A)no one was checking up on Dale's adherence
B)he had to change a long standing habit
C)the regimen was too complex
D)adherence decreases as duration of treatment increases
E)he had side effects

Question 40

One of the major effects of internet use is

A)The way people interact with their doctors
B)The number of visits to family physicians
C)The purchase of non-prescription drugs
D)The increase in anxiety levels by people self-diagnosing
E)A decrease in health care utilization

Question 41

What are the implications of having so much information freely available on the internet?

Question 42

Describe the errors physicians make in their role as information providers.How does this affect the patient-physician relationship?

Question 43

Evidence indicates that race concordant doctor-patient interviews

A)Take less time because there is a mutual understanding
B)Are longer than non-concordant interviews
C)Show no differences compared with race non-concordant dyads
D)Are less friendly with less psychosocial discussion
E)Are more hurried

Question 44

How can we best assess the quality of health information found on the internet?

Question 45

Roter and colleagues (1997)used audiotape analysis of the communication patterns of 537 patients.Their analysis revealed 5 distinct communication patterns.List and describe these patterns.

Question 46

George is an 86- year old man who has been on medication for elevated blood pressure for many years.His physician retired recently and he has just been to a new young physician who he describes as "not very friendly".Although George has not been having symptoms the new physician said that he wanted George's blood pressure to be lower and so increased his medication to two pills twice a day instead of one.What factors will have an impact on whether George will adhere to this new regimen?

Question 47

Describe the factors which predict adherence to medical treatment.

Question 48

One of the major effects of internet use is

A)The way people interact with their doctors
B)The number of visits to family physicians
C)The purchase of non-prescription drugs
D)The increase in anxiety levels by people self-diagnosing
E)A decrease in health care utilization

Question 49

Which of the following is not a principle for assessing the quality of health-related web sites:

A)Authority
B)Complementarity
C)Confidentiality
D)Attribution
E)Attrition

Question 50

Describe the difference between non-adherence and creative non-adherence and provide an example of each

Question 51

Johnson and Thornton et al.(2011)found that with respect to levels of social concordance

A)low levels were associated with more favourable patient perceptions of care
B)high levels were associated with less favourable patient perceptions of care
C)high levels were associated with less favourable patient affect
D)may have a cumulative effect on the patient -physician interaction
E)may be irrelevant to patient perceptions of care

Question 52

Your mother has just been diagnosed with atrial fibrillation,a chronic heart condition.You decide to find out more about this condition.Where would you begin your search for information and how can you tell that the information is accurate?

Question 53

The Johnson and Thornton et al (2011)study is unique because it looked at

A)level of concordance for the patient
B)level of concordance for the physician
C)social concordance with respect to shared social characteritics
D)non-concordant communication style
E)concordant communication style

Question 54

Discuss the seven methods researchers use to measure patient adherence and include the disadvantages of each.

Question 55

The internet is particularly relevant to health in Canada because

A)there are not enough doctors
B)Canadian's are more likely to become develop certain illnesses
C)geography provides challenges for health care access
D)Canadian's are information seekers
E)computer technology is limited

Question 56

What is meant by Patient-Physician Concordance and explain the importance of the study of social concordance in the patient-physician interaction,

Question 57

Discuss the importance of improving patient adherence.

Question 58

Describe physician behaviours which contribute to faulty communication.

Question 59

Which of the following is not a health related use of the internet in Canada

A)Health promotion
B)Health surveys
C)Health information
D)Support
E)Transcript analysis

Question 60

Describe patient behaviours which contribute to faulty communication.

Question 61

Describe the six interconnected components of the patient-centred care model first proposed by Levenstein and currently being tested at the University of Western Ontario.

Question 62

Harriet requires long-term treatment to control her arthritis and diabetes.Describe some methods that could be used to help Harriet adhere to the treatment regimen.

Question 63

Describe the three characteristics of the treatment regimen which would have a negative impact on adherence.

Question 64

Describe the 6 models of Physician-Patient Interaction and indicate which one is the preferred model.

Question 65

Describe how the internet is changing health behavior in Canada.

Question 66

Discuss the principles for assessing quality in Health-related web sites