Deck 10: From One to Many: Health on a Large Scale

Question 1

Health care that is not sensitive to cultural differences

A)runs the risk of prescribing regimens that will not be effectively followed
B)violates cultural norms
C)does not happen in Canada anymore
D)is largely an American phenomenon
E)utilizes System 2 thinking

Answer 1

runs the risk of prescribing regimens that will not be effectively followed

Question 2

Although a number of health challenges exist for Canada's Aboriginal peoples,the two that have received increased attention because of their severity are

A)diabetes and children's health
B)physical and substance abuse
C)accidental injury and death
D)AIDS and TB
E)violence and infectious diseases

Answer 2

diabetes and children's health

Question 3

All of the following are examples of prominent social determinants of health in Canada except

A)education
B)job security
C)food security
D)age
E)social inclusion and exclusion

Answer 3

age

Question 4

All of the following are examples of vulnerable populations in Canada except:

A)the elderly
B)street youth
C)those living in poverty
D)those living in remote areas
E)parents who choose not to vaccinate

Question 5

Aysha has been assigned someone to provide interpretive services and help explain the health care system.In other words,Asha has been assigned a(n)

A)language interpreter
B)nurse navigator
C)nurse practitioner
D)cultural liaison
E)paramedic

Question 6

Most health promotion programs focus on the individual and

A)public policy
B)community levels
C)organization levels
D)interpersonal levels
E)government

Question 7

Culturally competent care requires all but one of the following;

A)developing an understanding of cultural factors
B)designing systems that effectively acknowledge cultural factors
C)critically reflection on one's own cultural assumptions
D)reliance on a competent physician
E)sharing of power between practitioners and patients

Question 8

One explanation for the healthy immigrant effect is that

A)lifestyle changes with a decline in activity level
B)non-Europeans are more likely to end up in a lower socioeconomic status
C)Europeans are more likely to seek medical intervention
D)Europeans are more culturally sensitive
E)Non-Europeans typically have more possible medical complaints

Question 9

Partnerships between government and Aboriginal peoples and Canada's population at large are necessary to help solve the current health challenges.These partnerships are important because of the Aboriginal tradition that individual well-being is

A)the responsibility of the individual
B)rooted in the health of the community
C)the responsibility of the government
D)dependent on the environment
E)the responsibility of the trained paraprofessionals especially in isolated areas

Question 10

One of the real challenges to the provision of culturally competent care is

A)providing a checklist for each culture
B)it requires System 1 thinking
C)distinguishing non-compliance from cultural norm
D)recognizing people belong to groups without invoking stereotypes
E)providing appropriate paramedical training

Question 11

Culture refers to the values,practices and assumptions learned from our membership in groups.This definition by Canada's centre for Intercultural Learning also includes

A)behaviours
B)thoughts
C)ideas about health care
D)intercultural standards
E)religion

Question 12

The study of changing patterns of health and disease across populations and geographic areas is called

A)epidemiology
B)statistical verification
C)health psychology
D)social determinant of health
E)social ecological model

Question 13

The first identified instance of a medical problem such as SARS is known as the

A)index case
B)first sighting
C)prevalence
D)target case
E)epidemic case

Question 14

Those living with in the inner-city environment face numerous vulnerabilities except:

A)poor nutrition
B)chronic disease
C)mental illness
D)excessive exposure to the H1N1 virus
E)infection

Question 15

Vulnerable populations are more likely to encounter a health problem and

A)demonstrate that social determinants are not equitably distributed
B)be stigmatized in the population
C)be located in suburban areas of Canada
D)demonstrate the effects of harm reduction
E)come from obesogenic neighbourhoods

Question 16

The healthy immigrant effect refers to the fact that

A)immigrants improve their health once admitted to Canada
B)immigrants have to be healthier than Canadians to be allowed into the country
C)immigrants report their health as being below average upon arrival to Canada
D)non-European immigrants are more likely to show a deterioration in their health status over time
E)European immigrants are more likely to healthier than most Canadians

Question 17

All of the following are listed as health care priorities by the Assembly of First Nations except

A)home and community care
B)suicide prevention
C)cardiovascular disease
D)tobacco control
E)injury prevention

Question 18

A model of the individual and his or her place in the social context of a variety of systems is known as the

A)epidemiological model
B)health care model
C)harm reduction model
D)health promotion model
E)social ecological model

Question 19

Su Le is visiting her doctor regarding a complaint of joint pain.She has already visited several practitioners of acupuncture and other forms of Chinese medicine.What should her doctor do?

A)refuse to see her as she is already being treated
B)engage in system 2 thinking
C)prescribe western style pain killers
D)presume that Su Le will not likely follow any recommendations
E)ask Su Le about her current level of stress

Question 20

All of the following are social determinants of health except:

A)environment
B)income
C)culture
D)genetics
E)bacteria

Question 21

Many of the health inequities found in the Aboriginal populations can be explained by

A)social determinants
B)drug use
C)alcoholism
D)location
E)the residential school system

Question 22

MacNeil and Pauly (2010)conducted a study of fixed versus mobile needle exchange sites.They found that:

A)the mobile site was more effective because it took the needles to the clients
B)the mobile site was more effective because the neighbours did not complain
C)the fixed site was more effective because everyone knew where it was all of the time
D)the fixed site was more effective because other services could be provided
E)both sites were extremely effective in limiting drug use to a certain area

Question 23

Which of the following would contribute to an obesogenic neighbourhood?

A)living in the suburbs where one needs to drive daily
B)living in proximity to fast food restaurants
C)living in an apartment above a grocery store
D)living in a walkable neighbourhood
E)living in a high rise apartment near the centre of town

Question 24

The most widely publicized concern about flu vaccinations is that it causes

A)blindness in children
B)autism in children
C)severe flu symptoms in adults
D)death in the elderly
E)severe allergic reactions in adults and children

Question 25

What is the source of negative attitudes toward the swine flu vaccination?

A)fear of developing autism
B)the rate of GBS appeared to increase in those vaccinated
C)clinical trials of vaccine or non-vaccine conditions
D)the high risk of GBS compared with the low risk of getting the flu
E)the failure of previous vaccination programs

Question 26

To be effective,harm reduction strategies should be

A)aimed at the most vulnerable populations
B)employed only for the lowest economic classes
C)non-judgemental
D)in line with public attitudes
E)available for everyone

Question 27

Many of the health challenges faced by Canada's Aboriginal peoples relate to

A)the elderly
B)women
C)youth
D)children
E)men

Question 28

Another priority of the Assembly of first Nations is called Health Renewal which involves

A)trained paraprofessionals within the community
B)government intervention in remote communities
C)teaching traditional ways of healing to young members
D)the treatment of addictions
E)moving communities with a high incidence of suicide

Question 29

Evidence regarding the efficacy and risks of vaccination is provided best by

A)Anecdotal studies
B)Individual reports
C)Large scale controlled studies
D)Epidemiology
E)Government agencies

Question 30

An important predictor of differences in population health is based on architecture,engineering and planning,otherwise known as

A)general geography
B)urban versus rural versus remote settings
C)the built environment
D)dimensions of an neighbourhood
E)culturally sensitive neighbourhoods

Question 31

Canada's Aboriginal population includes all but one of the following

A)Inuit people
B)Metis people
C)First Nations people
D)North American Indians not registered
E)North American Indians registered under the Aboriginal Act

Question 32

British Columbia created a First Nations Health Authority for the purpose of

A)Giving more control to Aboriginal peoples for their own health care
B)Identifying culturally specific health concerns
C)Relieving the burden on the health care system
D)Developing more humane care
E)Segregating aboriginals from non-aboriginals in the health care system

Question 33

If an area of a city does not have sidewalks and people must walk 4 kilometers along rural roads to get to a coffee shop,we would say that

A)connectivity and proximity are poor
B)connectivity is poor but proximity is good
C)density and proximity are poor
D)land use and density are good
E)connectivity is good but land use is poor

Question 34

In reference to the health related dimension of a neighbourhood,connectivity refers to

A)internet availability
B)the straight line distance between two points
C)street design and sidewalk availability
D)ratio of dwellings to land area
E)number of different types of use featured in an area

Question 35

The premise behind the harm reduction model is that a health compromising behaviour cannot be totally eliminated so

A)the focus should be eliminating the behaviour from targeted populations
B)the focus should be reducing the harmful effects of the behaviour
C)the focus should be reducing the behaviour in specific populations
D)the focus should be elimination without harmful side effects
E)the focus should be educating the population regarding harmful effects

Question 36

Two challenges for Aboriginal health have received increased attention because of their severity.They are:

A)cancer and diabetes
B)heart disease and cancer
C)heart disease and diabetes
D)heart disease and drug abuse
E)diabetes and children's health

Question 37

Which of the following is not an example of a harm reduction strategy?

A)needle exchange programs
B)peer support programs
C)methadone therapy for heroin addiction
D)safe injection sites
E)self-care

Question 38

Safe injection sites are controversial because they appear to

A)endorse a health compromising,illegal behaviour
B)contribute to the spread of HIV/AIDS
C)cost far more than the outcomes warrant
D)help only a vulnerable portion of the population
E)encourage others to engage in illegal behaviour

Question 39

The important health related dimensions of a neighbourhood include all of the following except:

A)proximity
B)closure
C)connectivity
D)density
E)land use mix

Question 40

In order to meet the challenges of Aboriginal health in Canada,aboriginal peoples,government and Canada's population must form partnerships.These partnerships must work at the level of _________________ to be effective.

A)public policy
B)national laws
C)the individual
D)the community
E)the school

Question 41

What is currently being done to address some of the challenges in delivering health care to Canada's Aboriginal peoples?

Question 42

What is meant by the social ecological model and how does it apply to health initiatives?

Question 43

Describe the obesogenic neighbourhood.

Question 44

What is meant by harm reduction and provide some examples as to where is it most applicable.

Question 45

What are the four health related dimensions of a neighbourhood.

Question 46

Explain how culture affects health in Canada.

Question 47

What are the factors that effect vulnerable populations and describe at least 3 vulnerable populations in Canada.

Question 48

List and explain the common social determinants of health.

Question 49

What is meant by culturally competent care and explain why this is important in health care delivery?

Question 50

Explain the current resistance to vaccinations and what kind of evidence should the public rely on for information?

Question 51

What is meant by historical trauma and how does this apply to the Aboriginal population in Canada with respect to health.

Question 52

What is the healthy immigrant effect and what accounts for the phenomena in Canada?

Question 53

Discuss the major health challenges for Canada's Aboriginal populations and relate these challenges to the prominent social determinants of health.