Deck 19: Life's

Question 1

Mary was diagnosed with a terminal illness three months ago.She has prayed, asking God to be spared in exchange for her attending church and helping those in need.According to Kübler-Ross (1969), what stage of dying was Mary demonstrating?

A) anger
B) denial
C) bargaining
D) acceptance

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Who said "We use euphemisms, we make the dead look as if they were asleep…"?

A) Elisabeth Kübler-Ross
B) The Supreme Court of Canada
C) The Canadian Medical Association
D) Sue Rodriguez

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Joseph is in what Kübler-Ross (1969) would call the "bargaining" stage.Which of the following did Joseph just say?

A) Life has NO meaning.
B) I plan to die with dignity.
C) This is the doctor's fault for misdiagnosing me.
D) I will help the poor at my church if I can live longer.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which of the following best represents the occurrence of whole-brain death?

A) It occurs when the cerebral cortex has NO EEG reading.
B) It may involve lower brain activity, but NO cortical activity.
C) It causes breathing and the heartbeat to stop without additional artificial support.
D) It occurs when there is NO electrical activity in the brain.

Question 5

North American culture tends to deny the existence of death.Which of the following is NOT an example of that denial, according to Kübler-Ross (1969)?

A) the use of euphemisms to refer to death
B) the way dead bodies are prepared for viewings
C) sending children away from the turmoil following a death in the family
D) the commercialization of funeral arrangements

Question 6

After hearing about her friend's death in a car accident, Lily continued to phone and email her friend.According to Kübler-Ross, Lily's behaviour is an example of what stage?

A) anger
B) denial
C) bargaining
D) depression

Question 7

Peter was hospitalized for a week with a severe case of pneumonia.As he was surrounded by his loved ones, he lovingly said his goodbyes.According to Kübler-Ross (1969), what stage of dying is Peter demonstrating?

A) denial
B) bargaining
C) depression
D) acceptance

Question 8

A few weeks after Wayne received a diagnosis of terminal cancer, he began breaking things in his office and raging at fate.According to Kübler-Ross (1969), what stage of dying was Wayne demonstrating?

A) anger
B) denial
C) bargaining
D) depression

Question 9

Mark was riding his bike to work when he was hit by a truck.After an EEG was conducted at the hospital, the doctor declared that Mark had experienced death of his brain stem.What does this mean?

A) Mark had whole-brain death.
B) Mark was in a coma.
C) Mark had brain death.
D) Mark could be resuscitated.

Question 10

Your grandparent is dying and you seek therapy from a local therapist who will help you to proceed through the stages of death developed by the work of Kübler-Ross (1969).Which of the following is NOT included in Kübler-Ross's stages of death?

A) denial
B) absence
C) bargaining
D) depression

Question 11

Which of the following is defined as the irreversible cessation of breathing and circulation or the irreversible cessation of brain activity?

A) whole-brain death
B) the legal definition of death in Canada
C) an old definition of death, NOT what is currently used
D) the first of three criteria in the definition of death used in Canada today

Question 12

Which of the following best describes people who are dying?

A) Their sense of life's meaning is often deepened.
B) Their dying is NOT considered part of living.
C) They share a deep depression.
D) They begin to look for new medical providers.

Question 13

Which of the following statements best represents the definition of death?

A) It is uncontroversial.
B) It is unrelated to how we view life.
C) It differs from the definition of dying.
D) It relates to the fact that death is a part of life.

Question 14

Martha is in what Kübler-Ross (1969) would call the "acceptance" stage.Which of the following did Martha just say?

A) Why me?
B) It's NOT fair.
C) I am ready to meet my maker.
D) Someone must have made a mistake.

Question 15

Which of the following is death NOT considered to be?

A) a biological matter
B) a legal matter
C) a sociological matter
D) an emotional matter

Question 16

Kübler-Ross's (1969) stages of dying apply best to which of the following people?

A) older adults
B) those with NO diagnosis
C) people with a terminal illness diagnosis
D) those undergoing experimental surgery

Question 17

All of the following characterize death EXCEPT which one?

A) It is a legal matter.
B) "Whole-brain death" refers to the absence of activity of the cerebral cortex.
C) It is often defined as brain death.
D) People who are "whole-brain dead" can be been kept "alive" by life-support equipment.

Question 18

Liz was in a car accident.She was taken to the hospital, where her cerebral cortex showed a flat EEG line.Which of the following did the doctor declare?

A) Liz had whole-brain death.
B) Liz was in a coma.
C) Liz had brain death.
D) Liz can be resuscitated.

Question 19

Which of the following statements describes brain death?

A) It is the same as when the heart stops.
B) It cannot be measured using existing methods.
C) It is often used as the criterion for defining death.
D) It occurs when minimal electrical activity occurs in the brain.

Question 20

Which of the following best exemplifies the "denial" stage identified by Kübler-Ross (1969)?

A) Why is God punishing me?
B) The diagnosis must be wrong.
C) I promise to be good if this illness goes away.
D) I understand that I am going to die and I am going to prepare for it.

Question 21

Which of the following best represents the critiques of Kübler-Ross's (1969) stages of dying?

A) The stages of dying apply only to older adults.
B) People should NOT be assisted through the stages of dying.
C) Most people die from terminal illnesses, which are NOT applicable to the stages.
D) The stages may apply only to people who are diagnosed with terminal illness.

Question 22

Elizabeth was diagnosed with terminal cancer and told she has three months to live.She has moved back to her home from the hospital.She has a doctor, nurses, a social worker, and a minister visiting her on a regular basis.From whom is Elizabeth most likely receiving care?

A) hospital workers who are taking pity on her
B) family members
C) hospice workers
D) in-home nursing staff

Question 23

Which of the following statements best characterizes dying in a hospital?

A) It rarely occurs in Canada today.
B) It is considered inhumane by most people.
C) It is now more common than dying at home.
D) It is usually a result of uncaring family members.

Question 24

Which of the following does NOT describe Sue Rodriquez?

A) She was a woman with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS, or Lou Gehrig's disease).
B) She sought the right to secure physician-assisted suicide in Canada.
C) She argued that her right to "life, liberty, and security of the person" included individual control over the circumstances and the timing of her inevitable death.
D) The courts allowed her request, stating that the doctors would NOT be aiding the patient to commit suicide.

Question 25

What is the role of hospice care?

A) to work only with the dying patient
B) to focus on the patient's recovery
C) to take control over the patient's situation so he or she can avoid making any decisions
D) to provide medication to relieve pain and to offer other services to help the patient and the patient's family

Question 26

Shneidman (1977) conducted research on dying people.Which of the following statements best represents his findings?

A) Everyone responded the same way to dying.
B) Kübler-Ross's stages applied perfectly to their situations.
C) People often react to dying as they reacted to other events in their lives.
D) People react to dying in clear stages, but differently from the reactions identified by Kübler-Ross.

Question 27

According to the textbook, what percentage of Canadians who die will have access to or will receive hospice services?

A) 5 to 15%
B) 16 to 30%
C) 31 to 45%
D) 46 to 60%

Question 28

Which of the following best represents the role of hospice care?

A) It treats the disease, NOT the patient.
B) It focuses on palliative care, NOT cures.
C) It emphasizes quantity of life, NOT quality.
D) It recommends shortening one's life in many cases.

Question 29

What is the focus of hospices?

A) extending life
B) controlling pain
C) curing the patient
D) the course and treatment of the disease

Question 30

Where do most people die in Canada today?

A) in a hospital
B) at home in bed
C) in a nursing home
D) at home, but NOT in bed

Question 31

Which of the following statements best characterizes hospice care?

A) It is only available in hospitals.
B) Its total focus is on health care for the dying patient.
C) It focuses on dying with dignity and as pain-free as possible.
D) It is reserved for those who are expected to recover rather than those who are dying.

Question 32

Which of the following statements describes the cost of hospice care?

A) It is too expensive for most patients to afford.
B) It is more costly than in-home care.
C) It is rarely covered by insurance.
D) It is less expensive than hospital care.

Question 33

According to the textbook, which of the following has NOT been identified a factor that can affect people's adjustment to their impending deaths?

A) the type and extent of organic cerebral impairment
B) the pain and weakness experienced
C) the time or phase of the person's life
D) the quality of their relationships

Question 34

Which of the following is typical of bereavement specialists working for a hospice?

A) They work in teams.
B) They try to counsel the dying person to allow active euthanasia.
C) They take control over the situation because the dying person is incapacitated and can NO longer communicate.
D) They help family members contact lawyers and accountants.

Question 35

Hospice does NOT provide bereavement counselling to which of the following?

A) patients
B) families whose family member died
C) families whose family member is dying
D) colleagues of the dying patient

Question 36

Which of the following does NOT describe the story of Nancy B.?

A) She was a young woman who was living with an incurable disease (Guillain-Barré syndrome) and bedridden for life.
B) She asked the doctors to disconnect the respirator that was keeping her alive, arguing that no one can be made to undergo treatment without consent.
C) The Supreme Court denied her argument, stating that to allow this act would erode the belief of the Canadian people in the sanctity of life.
D) The courts allowed this request stating that the doctors would NOT be aiding the patient to commit suicide.

Question 37

Alicia, who has two young children, was recently diagnosed with terminal breast cancer.She continually cries and worries about her children's future when she is gone.According to Kübler-Ross (1969), what stage of dying is Alicia demonstrating?

A) denial
B) bargaining
C) depression
D) acceptance

Question 38

Which of the following statements best represents the current "death education"?

A) Kübler-Ross was wrong about the stages of dying.
B) Kübler-Ross encouraged people to fight death to the end.
C) People should be helped through the stages of death identified by Kübler-Ross.
D) Kübler-Ross's stages are limited to cases where people die suddenly.

Question 39

What is the origin of the term "hospice"?

A) It derives from the term "hospitality."
B) It means the same as hospital.
C) It relates to the Latin for death.
D) It derives from the Greek medical term for "healing."

Question 40

Which of the following persons is NOT likely to work with a dying patient through hospice care?

A) a doctor
B) a pastoral counsellor
C) a bereavement specialist
D) a physiotherapist

Question 41

What is in-voluntary euthanasia?

A) an assisted death where the person has NOT expressed his or her preference
B) an assisted death where the subject is competent, informed, and, without being pressured, asks to have his or her life ended
C) an assisted death where the person made an informed choice and expressed his or her refusal to accept assistance in dying
D) an assisted death where a comatose patient has life support removed without prior consent

Question 42

Which of the following statements is ACCURATE about euthanasia?

A) Euthanasia means "good death."
B) Euthanasia is another term for terminal sedation.
C) Euthanasia is illegal in Canada.
D) Euthanasia means "an end to a good life."

Question 43

If physician-assisted suicide were legal in Canada, approximately what percentage of doctors stated they would grant this medical request?

A) 20%
B) 40%
C) 60%
D) 80%

Question 44

What is voluntary euthanasia?

A) an assisted death where the person has NOT expressed his or her preference
B) an assisted death where the subject is competent, informed, and, without being pressured, asks to have his or her life ended
C) an assisted death where the person made an informed choice and expressed his or her refusal to accept assistance in dying
D) an assisted death where a comatose patient has life support removed without prior consent

Question 45

Which of the following best characterizes physicians who oppose physician-assisted suicide?

A) They are acting illegally.
B) They are rare in Canada today.
C) They often believe that it goes against their medical training.
D) They believe that it is impossible to relieve patient suffering in other ways.

Question 46

Which of the following characterizes people who are dying?

A) They generally want to talk about their impending death.
B) They have the same feelings about their dying every day.
C) They usually want to avoid talking about their impending death.
D) They may want to talk about someone else's problems and other events at times.

Question 47

Which of the following is NOT one of the three types of euthanasia identified by the Canadian Medical Association?

A) non-voluntary euthanasia
B) voluntary euthanasia
C) in-voluntary euthanasia
D) voluntary-active euthanasia

Question 48

Which of the following is NOT an example of active euthanasia?

A) A physician administers a lethal dose of medication to a dying patient.
B) One person helps another person to kill himself or herself.
C) A person removes life support from a comatose patient.
D) A patient's spouse secretly administers a lethal drug to the dying patient.

Question 49

Which of the following best characterizes active euthanasia?

A) It is legal in all provinces in Canada EXCEPT Quebec.
B) It is NOT controversial and has NOT been challenged in the courts.
C) It is illegal in Canada.
D) In Canada, most assisted suicides are publicized.

Question 50

Which of the following was shown by a survey of physicians' views about euthanasia?

A) Few doctors support it.
B) Most doctors support it.
C) Most objected to withdrawing life support.
D) Religion often played a role in their beliefs about euthanasia.

Question 51

What does the word "euthanasia" mean?

A) good care
B) the good life
C) the good death
D) pain management

Question 52

Which of the following statements best characterizes the case of Sue Rodriquez?

A) It was a simple case of determining whether her brain was functioning.
B) Her case was eventually ruled on by the Supreme Court of Canada.
C) Her case resulted in her waking from her coma to a complete recovery.
D) She died before the case was heard by the Supreme Court of Canada.

Question 53

Which of the following best characterizes euthanasia?

A) It is illegal throughout the world.
B) It is also known as mercy killing.
C) It always involves removing life support.
D) It occurs when someone kills another person against his or her will.

Question 54

What is the focus of palliative care?

A) cures
B) older adults
C) life extension
D) pain management

Question 55

Which of the following best represents the case of Sue Rodriquez, a woman who had amyotrophic lateral sclerosis?

A) Her case ended with her coming out of her coma.
B) Her case showed how united the country was about euthanasia.
C) The Supreme Court ruled in favour of physician-assisted suicide provided it was prearranged in a living will.
D) She argued that her right to "life, liberty, and security of the person" was being violated.

Question 56

Which of the following should be avoided when supporting a dying person?

A) touching the person too much
B) talking about your own problems
C) talking about the impending death
D) minimizing the person's pain or need to grieve

Question 57

Which of the following is an example of terminal sedation?

A) providing a lethal injection to a prisoner who is receiving the death penalty
B) removing a breathing tube from a comatose patient
C) providing enough barbiturates to a patient who is dying so he or she becomes unconscious
D) withholding the necessary medication required to sustain life

Question 58

Which British Columbian with ALS won a legal fight to obtain doctor-assisted suicide in Canada?

A) Sue Rodriquez
B) Gloria Taylor
C) Robert Latimer
D) Nancy B.

Question 59

The Canadian Medical Association surveyed 2,000 physicians about their willingness to perform euthanasia.Which of the following was the outcome?

A) Twenty percent said they would be willing to perform euthanasia.
B) Forty percent said they would be willing to perform euthanasia.
C) Sixty percent said they would refuse to perform euthanasia.
D) Twenty percent said they would refuse to perform euthanasia.

Question 60

Which of the following statements best describes terminal sedation?

A) It is the same as active euthanasia.
B) It is used to reduce pain or anxiety in a dying patient.
C) It is a way to hasten death.
D) It is illegal in Canada.

Question 61

Approximately what percentage of physicians polled by the Canadian Medical Association said they would refuse to perform euthanasia?

A) 10%
B) 20%
C) 30%
D) 40%

Question 62

What is the best way to help a child cope with the death of a loved one?

A) Hide the death of the loved one.
B) Let the child express his or her feelings.
C) Expect the child to cut ties with the dead person.
D) Ignore any changes in the child's sleeping or eating patterns because these problems will pass.

Question 63

Which of the following best represents the findings of research on children's experiences with death of a loved one?

A) Children will move on with their lives.
B) Children may maintain a bond with the deceased.
C) Children will learn to have closure with the death.
D) Children who experience sadness need to be treated with medication.

Question 64

Which of the following best describes the effect on a child when a loved one dies?

A) The child will likely act more mature than typical for his or her age.
B) The death may affect a child's sense of security and safety.
C) The child will be affected in the same way that adults are affected.
D) The child will be unaffected because he or she lacks the cognitive development to fully understand death.

Question 65

Which of the following statements best describes passive euthanasia?

A) It is illegal in Canada.
B) It is the same as physician-assisted suicide.
C) It involves withholding life-saving treatments.
D) It is considered morally wrong by most Canadians.

Question 66

Which of the following represents the best way to help a child cope with the death of a loved one?

A) Shelter the child from the truth.
B) Have the child say a prayer or visit the grave.
C) Explain that "Grandpa has gone on a long trip."
D) Make the child attend the funeral so he or she can get used to the idea of death.

Question 67

Which of the following statements best characterizes organ donation?

A) Organ donation is rare these days.
B) Organ donation can compromise the donor's immune system.
C) Living donors can sometimes donate a kidney or a portion of their liver for transplant.
D) Organ donation poses minimal risks for the recipient who may receive one or more organs from donors.

Question 68

According to the textbook, what are many children across world cultures taught about death?

A) Death is punishment for bad deeds.
B) Death is something to fear.
C) Death is the same as sleeping.
D) Death is sometimes NOT permanent.

Question 69

Which of the following best characterizes the experience of death during late adulthood?

A) Accidents remain the number one leading cause of death.
B) Older adults fear death more than illness.
C) Older adults may be at great risk for accidents as a result of sensory problems.
D) Heart disease and cancer are the major killers of people at this age.

Question 70

Which of the following best represents the risk of death for adults in midlife?

A) They are typically told NOT to worry about health screenings because chronic illnesses rarely affect them.
B) Accidents and suicide are the leading causes of death for their age group.
C) Heart disease and cancer are the leading causes of death for their age group.
D) Early adult death usually results from homicide.

Question 71

Which of the following does NOT characterize a child's reaction to the death of a loved one?

A) A child regresses.
B) A child becomes insecure.
C) A child is angry.
D) A child ignores the situation.

Question 72

Which of the following best characterizes the use of a living will?

A) It is typically ignored at most hospitals.
B) It was considered unconstitutional in 1990.
C) It takes effect as soon as a patient is admitted to a hospital.
D) It is a legal document outlining a person's end-of-life wishes.

Question 73

Which of the following best represents the views suggested by theorists of social and emotional development during late adulthood?

A) Many people should NO longer be driving because of their slower reaction time.
B) Life satisfaction is highest for those who ignore death.
C) People should become more proactive in their screenings for cardiovascular problems.
D) Ego transcendence may make facing death easier than in previous times of life.

Question 74

Which of the following best characterizes children and their understanding of death?

A) Children should NOT be told they are dying.
B) Children understand death in the same way as adults do.
C) Children understand death more as their understanding of biology increases.
D) Children typically understand that when they are terminally ill they will be gone for good.

Question 75

Which of the following best describes adolescents' experience with the death of loved ones?

A) They experience the death of a loved one the same as adults do.
B) They experience the death of a loved one the same as children do.
C) They typically experience death of loved ones more often than younger children do.
D) They should be shielded from the death of a loved one because they cannot handle the truth.

Question 76

Which of the following best characterizes the reason for having a living will?

A) to indicate one's wishes in terms of medical intervention in the case of incapacitation and inability to communicate
B) to determine the allocation of one's earthly possessions after death
C) to provide one's preferences in terms of funeral arrangements
D) to provide a legal document that outlines the type and form of death preferred

Question 77

Which of the following best represents children's understanding of death?

A) It increases as they get older.
B) It is unrelated to their knowledge of biology.
C) It becomes progressively less realistic as they get older.
D) It depends on their ability to empathize.

Question 78

Which of the following best characterizes the use of advanced directives?

A) They are the same as living wills.
B) They are always followed by physicians and other health care workers.
C) They are rarely legal in Canada.
D) They outline the type of death a person wishes to experience.

Question 79

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of living wills?

A) They may be ignored or unavailable when needed.
B) They must be drafted in accordance with laws.
C) They usually designate a proxy who can make decisions when the signer is incapable of doing so.
D) They are always respected.

Question 80

Which of the following best represents adolescents' experience of the death of a loved one?

A) They deny that death has occurred.
B) They eliminate their risky behaviour.
C) They typically fall apart emotionally.
D) They may reduce their risky behaviour if they see how death applies to them.