Deck 10: Biodiversity 3: Animals

Question 1

Sponges are found ________.

A)only in seawater
B)mostly in seawater
C)only in fresh water
D)mostly in fresh water

Answer 1

B

Question 2

How many of the animal phyla include single-celled animals?

A)0
B)1
C)2
D)3

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Cnidarians are named for their cnidocytes,a feature unique to the group.What are cnidocytes?

A)Stinging cells
B)Tentacles
C)Bells
D)Nerve fibers

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which worm has no body cavity?

A)Flatworms
B)Annelids
C)Roundworms
D)All of these

Question 5

Which body form of the cnidarians is sessile?

A)Jelly
B)Fish
C)Medusa
D)Polyp

Question 6

Which one of the following is a defining characteristic of animals but not of plants?

A)Autotrophic
B)Heterotrophic
C)Eukaryotic
D)Prokaryotic

Question 7

What acts as both a circulatory system for gas exchange and a hydraulic system for movement in the echinoderms?

A)Endoskeleton
B)Water vascular system
C)Hydrostatic skeleton
D)Visceral mass

Question 8

The echinoderms are most closely related to the ________.

A)chordates
B)flatworms
C)mollusks
D)arthropods

Question 9

What do sponges and cnidarians have in common?

A)Organization of cells into tissues
B)Mobility
C)Symmetry
D)None of these

Question 10

Serial repetition of segments is a defining characteristic of which worm phylum?

A)Flatworms
B)Annelids
C)Roundworms
D)Segmentation is not a defining characteristic of any of the worm phyla.

Question 11

Most animals fall into one of how many phyla?

A)100
B)35
C)9
D)5

Question 12

Many,though not all,mollusks have a shell.What secretes the shell?

A)The foot
B)The mantle
C)The radula
D)The visceral mass

Question 13

The radial symmetry of adult echinoderms could best be described as ________.

A)biradial
B)triradial
C)quadriradial
D)pentaradial

Question 14

Which phylum of worms includes the leeches?

A)Flatworms
B)Annelids
C)Roundworms
D)None of these

Question 15

What defines radial symmetry?

A)Any plane of symmetry passing through the center of the organism splits it into equal halves.
B)Only five planes of symmetry passing through the center of the organism splits it into equal halves.
C)Only one plane of symmetry splits the organism into equal halves.
D)No planes of symmetry exist; the organism cannot be split into equal halves.

Question 16

Gastropods include the ________.

A)clams and oysters
B)snails and slugs
C)squid and octopi
D)scallops and nautiluses

Question 17

What happened during the Cambrian explosion?

A)Many large volcanoes erupted.
B)There was a large asteroid impact.
C)There was a rapid diversification of animal forms.
D)Animals first evolved from single-celled organisms.

Question 18

How do sponges acquire their nourishment?

A)They catch it with tentacles.
B)They filter it from the seawater.
C)They acquire it through photosynthesis.
D)They synthesize it from chemicals in the water.

Question 19

Some organisms are described as having a ________ digestive tract that includes a mouth at one end and an anus at the other.

A)comprehensive
B)segmented
C)systemic
D)complete

Question 20

Flatworms are most closely related to the ________.

A)cnidarians
B)annelids
C)echinoderms
D)arthropods

Question 21

Which arthropod subgroup includes those with an exoskeleton of chitin?

A)Arachnids
B)Crustaceans
C)Insects
D)All of these

Question 22

Which arthropod subgroup includes those with six legs?

A)Arachnids
B)Crustaceans
C)Insects
D)All of these

Question 23

There are several limbless amphibians and reptiles.Did these limbless creatures evolve from a common limbless ancestor?

A)Yes,but it occurred before the development of limbs in the terrestrial tetrapods.
B)Yes,but it occurred after the development of limbs in the terrestrial tetrapods.
C)No,the trait arose independently in several lineages before the development of limbs in the terrestrial tetrapods.
D)No,the trait arose independently in several lineages after the development of limbs in the terrestrial tetrapods.

Question 24

How do bony fish regulate buoyancy?

A)With an air-filled swim bladder
B)With a large,oil-filled liver
C)By constantly swimming at an upwards angle
D)Through the calcium in the bones,which makes the skeleton lighter than the water

Question 25

Which arthropod subgroup includes the centipedes?

A)Arachnids
B)Crustaceans
C)Insects
D)None of these

Question 26

Which arthropod subgroup includes the spiders?

A)Arachnids
B)Crustaceans
C)Insects
D)None of these

Question 27

Which group of animals is most closely related to the arthropods?

A)Mollusks
B)Echinoderms
C)Roundworms
D)Annelids

Question 28

Although exceptions do exist,which is a distinctively amphibian trait?

A)Juveniles have gills,adults have lungs.
B)Respiration occurs through the skin.
C)Skin is smooth with no scales,feathers,or hair.
D)All of these are distinctive amphibian traits.

Question 29

Which group of fishes evolved first?

A)Ray-finned fishes
B)Lobe-finned fishes
C)Cartilaginous fishes
D)Jawless fishes

Question 30

Which is most closely related to the hagfish?

A)Shark
B)Eel
C)Lamprey
D)Lancelet

Question 31

Which reptiles are endothermic?

A)Crocodilians
B)Turtles
C)Snakes
D)Birds

Question 32

Why can't amphibians survive far from water?

A)Their limbs are too weak to support their weight on land.
B)They do not have any lungs and cannot breathe out of the water.
C)Their eggs do not have an amnion which prevents them from drying out.
D)Their cartilaginous endoskeleton would dry out on land.

Question 33

Which is not a reptile?

A)Iguana
B)Bird
C)Salamander
D)All are reptiles.

Question 34

Which group of fishes gave rise to the amphibians?

A)Ray-finned fishes
B)Lobe-finned fishes
C)Cartilaginous fishes
D)Jawless fishes

Question 35

Which chordate trait evolved first?

A)Skeleton hardened with calcium
B)Amniotic egg
C)Four limbs
D)Jaw

Question 36

What do sharks have in common with goldfish?

A)Opercula
B)A lateral line system
C)Electrosensors
D)A cartilaginous skeleton

Question 37

All vertebrates have ________.

A)hair
B)a skull
C)four limbs
D)scales

Question 38

What is the function of a fish's operculum?

A)Detects biofields in the immediate vicinity
B)Detects movements in the surrounding water
C)Protects the gills
D)Provides buoyancy

Question 39

What does the expression "terrestrial tetrapod" mean?

A)Lives on land,four limbs
B)Lives on land,four sets of chromosomes
C)Lives on land,four cranial nerves
D)Lives in the water,four limbs (including flippers or fins)

Question 40

Which of the following unique characteristics is found in many chordates,but not all,at some point in their development?

A)Backbone
B)Dorsal nerve chord
C)Post anal tail
D)Pharyngeal slits

Question 41

Which subgroup of mammals raises their young in pouches?

A)Marsupials
B)Monotremes
C)Eutherians
D)Cetaceans

Question 42

If you were to travel back in time and met a living hominin,which clues might tell you that your new friend was in the genus Australopithecus and not Homo?

A)The hominin was bipedal.
B)You were in Africa.
C)The hominin had a relatively large brain.
D)You had traveled 3 million years into the past.

Question 43

All mammals ________.

A)give birth to live young
B)are nocturnal
C)have mammary glands
D)are ectothermic

Question 44

Humans belong to which subgroup of mammals?

A)Marsupials
B)Monotremes
C)Eutherians
D)Cetaceans

Question 45

In terms of food collection,what is an advantage of radial and bilateral symmetry? Include examples of both forms of symmetry in your answer.

Question 46

What is an advantage of the serial repetition of internal and external features common in some animals?

Question 47

How might an early primate's environment lead to the evolution of a large brain in relation to body size?

Question 48

What do snake scales,dog fur,and eagle feathers all have in common?

A)All grow for the life of the organism without being shed.
B)All are made of keratin.
C)All are related to fish scales (they share a most recent common ancestor that had fish scales).
D)They do not have anything in common other than they grow out of the skin.

Question 49

What is the difference between an Old World monkey and a New World monkey?

A)New World monkeys have prehensile tails; Old World monkeys do not.
B)Old World monkeys live in trees; New World monkeys live on the ground.
C)New World monkeys live in large social groups; Old World monkeys are solitary or live in small groups.
D)Old World monkeys have opposable thumbs; New World monkeys do not.

Question 50

At any point in your time travels,did you see two or more hominin species alive at the same time and in the same places?

A)Yes,quite often.
B)Yes and no.While some lived at the same time,they lived on separate continents.
C)Yes,but only for a generation or two as one was replaced by its descendants.
D)No,there was no overlap in time or place.

Question 51

To which group do orangutans belong?

A)Old World monkeys
B)New World monkeys
C)Anthropoid apes
D)Nonanthropoid apes

Question 52

What do the nonanthropoid primates have in common?

A)Live in trees
B)Grasping tails
C)Nocturnal
D)All are traits common to the nonanthropoid primates.

Question 53

Which is not a primate?

A)Lemurs
B)Apes
C)Monkeys
D)All are primates.

Question 54

On which continent would you have seen the very earliest members of Homo sapiens?

A)Europe
B)Asia
C)Africa
D)Australia

Question 55

What is the role of the placenta?

A)Provides a physical association between mother and developing fetus
B)Is used as a food source by the developing fetus
C)Protects the developing fetus from injury
D)To nourish the developing child after it is born

Question 56

Which evolved first,plants or animals? What evidence exists for your answer? Explain your reasoning as to why one would have evolved 100 million years prior to the other.

Question 57

Which of the following is human's closest living relative?

A)Gibbons
B)Gorillas
C)Chimpanzees
D)Baboons

Question 58

Parasites have often been described incorrectly as having "devolved" from a more highly evolved organism.Why would it be more accurate to say that they are just as evolved as any other organism?