Deck 11: Human Body Systems

Question 1

Which is not a function of the circulatory system?

A)To transport nutrients to the cells and to remove wastes from the cells
B)To distribute heat throughout the body
C)To produce and store all of the immune system cells
D)To carry chemical signals,such as hormones,throughout the body

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Most of the absorption of nutrients (besides water)takes place in the ________.

A)esophagus
B)small intestine
C)stomach
D)large intestine

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The pulmonary circuit specifically circulates blood to the ________.

A)lungs
B)liver
C)brain
D)heart

Answer 3

A

Question 4

What is the role of the epithelium?

A)Covers exposed body surfaces
B)Transmits electrical signals throughout the body
C)Contracts to create body movement
D)Provides the padding between the joints

Question 5

The term interface can be used to describe the surface across which molecules and ions are exchanged,often diffusing between external and internal environments or between organ systems.What part of the respiratory system forms the interface between the respiratory system and the circulatory system?

A)Alveoli
B)Trachea
C)Pharynx
D)Bronchioles

Question 6

What causes a stomach ulcer?

A)Lack of a key nutrient
B)Consuming too many calories
C)Chronic consumption of spicy food
D)A bacterial infection

Question 7

Organs are made up of a collection of ________.

A)different types of cells
B)different types of tissues
C)the same type of cells
D)the same type of tissues

Question 8

Response to a stimulus,such that the effect of the stimulus is counteracted,is called ________ feedback.

A)positive
B)simple
C)holistic
D)negative

Question 9

What moves the food from your mouth to your stomach when you swallow?

A)Gravity
B)Peristaltic muscle contractions
C)Undulatory muscle contractions
D)Pressure difference between zones

Question 10

________ refers to how a body system functions.

A)Anatomy
B)Biology
C)Zoology
D)Physiology

Question 11

Which are the thinnest blood vessels?

A)Bronchioles
B)Capillaries
C)Arterioles
D)Venules

Question 12

Scurvy is caused by a lack of which nutrient?

A)Calcium
B)Vitamin D
C)Vitamin C
D)Omega-3 fatty acid

Question 13

Which accessory organ's secretions neutralize stomach acid before it reaches the intestines?

A)Salivary glands
B)Gallbladder
C)Liver
D)Pancreas

Question 14

What is the role of the epiglottis?

A)Produces vocal sounds
B)Filters dust and other impurities from entering the respiratory system
C)Prevents food from entering the windpipe
D)Produces the positive or negative pressures that force air into or out of the lungs

Question 15

Examine the calculating BMI chart.What is the most a person 5'6" tall could weigh and still be in the normal range (not overweight)?

A)120 pounds
B)150 pounds
C)180 pounds
D)240 pounds

Question 16

What is the role of the villi?

A)To absorb small nutrient molecules from the digestive tract
B)To move food along the digestive tract
C)To secrete digestive enzymes into the digestive tract
D)To secrete water into the digestive tract

Question 17

An essential nutrient is specifically a nutrient that your body ________.

A)needs to grow
B)needs to function
C)cannot make by itself
D)cannot store

Question 18

Maintaining a steady state internal environment,despite a changing external environment,is called ________.

A)heterostasis
B)biofeedback
C)homeostasis
D)bioregulation

Question 19

Which of the following statements is true?

A)Mechanical digestion only occurs in the mouth; chemical digestion only occurs in the stomach.
B)Mechanical and chemical digestion both occur in the mouth and in the stomach.
C)Mechanical digestion only occurs in the stomach; chemical digestion only occurs in the mouth.
D)Mechanical and chemical digestion occur in the mouth; chemical digestion,but not mechanical digestion,occurs in the stomach.

Question 20

Connective tissue is the most variable of the tissue types.Which one of the following is not categorized as connective tissue?

A)Bone
B)Blood
C)Fat
D)Skin

Question 21

How is it that red blood cells can bind oxygen in the lungs but then offload it near body cells that need it?

A)Oxygen diffuses into or out of the blood following its concentration gradient.
B)A conformational change caused by high pH causes the oxygen to detach near the cells that need it.
C)A conformational change caused by low pH causes the oxygen to detach near the cells that need it.
D)Oxygen is displaced by carbon dioxide in the body.

Question 22

Select the feature which is not directly involved in the clotting process.

A)Platelets
B)Hemoglobin
C)Fibrin
D)All of these are involved in the clotting process.

Question 23

Which medication prevents viral infections by priming the immune system against a specific virus?

A)Vaccine
B)Antibiotic
C)Diuretic
D)Anti-inflammatory

Question 24

Choose the defining characteristic of all arteries.

A)They only carry blood back to the heart.
B)They only carry blood away from the heart.
C)They only carry deoxygenated blood.
D)They only carry oxygenated blood.

Question 25

What is the purpose of dialysis treatments?

A)To constrict blood vessels to prevent death from anaphylactic shock
B)To detoxify dangerous chemicals in the bloodstream
C)To remove waste products from the bloodstream
D)To keep the airways open so one can breathe

Question 26

Which of the following blood cells fights infections?

A)Erythrocytes
B)Thrombocytes
C)Leukocytes
D)Hemocytes

Question 27

Which form of diabetes would require regular injections of insulin?

A)Type 1
B)Type 2
C)Type 3
D)Type 4

Question 28

What is the name of the response to an injury in which fluids leak from dilated blood vessels causing redness and swelling?

A)Innate response
B)Inflammatory response
C)Compliment response
D)Lymphatic response

Question 29

What is the primary function of the sinoatrial node?

A)Initiates the contraction of the heart
B)Increases or decreases blood pressure
C)Opens and closes the heart valves
D)Supplies the heart muscle with oxygen

Question 30

What is the name of the tubes that run from the kidneys to the bladder?

A)Fallopian tubes
B)Urethras
C)Nephrons
D)Ureters

Question 31

There are many organs and glands of the endocrine system,but which one is the master controller?

A)Pituitary
B)Thyroid
C)Hypothalamus
D)Pancreas

Question 32

How is an adaptive defense initially primed?

A)Upon exposure to a foreign antigen
B)Complement proteins identify a cell as foreign
C)Antibodies bind to surface markers of a foreign cell
D)By way of the clonal selection of effector cells

Question 33

From production through ejaculation,which is the correct pathway for a sperm cell?

A)Testis → Epididymis → Vas Deferens → Seminal Vesicles → Prostate Gland → Penis
B)Testis → Prostate Gland → Seminal Vesicles → Epididymis → Vas Deferens → Penis
C)Testis → Vas Deferens → Epididymis → Prostate Gland → Seminal Vesicles → Penis
D)Testis → Epididymis → Seminal Vesicles → Vas Deferens → Prostate Gland → Penis

Question 34

Select the correct sequence for the pathway of blood through the heart.

A)Body → Left Atrium → Left Ventricle → Lungs → Right Atrium → Right Ventricle → Body
B)Body → Left Ventricle → Left Atrium → Lungs → Right Ventricle → Right Atrium → Body
C)Body → Right Ventricle → Right Atrium → Lungs → Left Ventricle → Left Atrium → Body
D)Body → Right Atrium → Right Ventricle → Lungs → Left Atrium → Left Ventricle → Body

Question 35

What is the condition called when your body's immune system overreacts to an otherwise harmless foreign particle?

A)Arthritis
B)Allergy
C)Diabetes
D)SCID

Question 36

Identify the primary role of the lymphatic system.

A)Distribution of hormones to the body
B)Delivery of oxygen to the deep muscle cells
C)Produce and store large numbers of white blood cells
D)Filter out cellular wastes from the blood

Question 37

Identify which blood vessel drains blood from the head and shoulder region back to the heart.

A)Superior vena cava
B)Inferior vena cava
C)Superior aorta
D)Inferior aorta

Question 38

Which type of white blood cells produces defensive proteins called antibodies?

A)Phagocytic cells
B)T cells
C)Natural killer cells
D)B cells

Question 39

To which region of a cell does a fat soluble hormone bind to its receptor?

A)On the exterior surface of a cell's plasma membrane
B)On the interior surface of a cell's plasma membrane
C)In the cell's cytoplasm or the nucleus
D)Fat soluble hormones do not have receptors.

Question 40

What type of disorder is AIDS?

A)Autoimmune disease
B)Allergic reaction
C)Immune rejection
D)Immunodeficiency

Question 41

Why can you not catch the same cold twice but a new cold will make you sick for a week or two?

Question 42

Describe the two separate metabolic needs that are met when a full-grown person eats a balanced diet.

Question 43

Which receptors in the eye are sensitive to color?

A)Sclera
B)Rods
C)Cornea
D)Cones

Question 44

Which part of the brain produces our most distinctly human traits,such as reasoning and imagination?

A)Cerebellum
B)Medulla oblongata
C)Corpus callosum
D)Cerebral cortex

Question 45

Genital herpes is a sexually transmitted disease caused by a ________.

A)virus
B)bacteria
C)fungus
D)protist

Question 46

Describe the role of the two antagonistic hormones involved in the feedback loop that maintains the level of glucose in the blood.Which organs are involved and what type of feedback is this?

Question 47

What carries a signal from one neuron to the next?

A)Neurotransmitter
B)Myelin
C)Synapse
D)Dendrite

Question 48

Which is not a major protein found in muscles?

A)Actin
B)Myosin
C)Keratin
D)All are major proteins found in muscles.

Question 49

Of the four chambers of the human heart,which has the thickest walls and why?

Question 50

When is an unborn child called a fetus?

A)From the 9th week of pregnancy to birth
B)From cleavage to the 9th week of pregnancy
C)From conception through birth
D)From cleavage to birth

Question 51

How do the muscles in your arm extend your arm outward?

A)The muscles in your arm push on the bones causing your arm to extend.
B)The muscles in your arm relax and the tendons pull the arm straight.
C)Some muscles in your arm relax and others contract,pulling the arm straight.
D)The top half of your bicep wraps around underneath the elbow like a rope over a pulley.When it contracts,the arm is pulled out straight.

Question 52

What is the key step in spermatogenesis that allows for unlimited sperm production? This step is not present in oogenesis and therefore only a finite number of eggs could be produced.

Question 53

Where does the fertilization of the egg occur?

A)Ovary
B)Oviduct
C)Uterus
D)Cervix

Question 54

The spinal cord is part of the ________ nervous system.

A)somatic
B)peripheral
C)autonomic
D)central

Question 55

Which of the following statements about bones is false?

A)Bones are dry and dead,made up of calcium and connective fibers with a few blood vessels running through them.
B)Bones are living organs with multiple tissue types and multiple cell types.
C)Blood cells are produced in the bone marrow.
D)Arthritis occurs when the cartilage between bones wears down.

Question 56

What would happen if the sensory neurons in your hand could not transmit a signal?

A)You could feel something touch your fingers but you could not move them.
B)You could move your fingers but you could not feel something touch them.
C)You could not move your fingers or feel something touching them.
D)You could still feel something touching your fingers and still be able to move them.

Question 57

Your thigh bone,the largest bone in your body,is called the ________.

A)tibia
B)femur
C)fibula
D)pelvis

Question 58

Which of the following forms of contraception is removable?

A)A tubal ligation
B)A vasectomy
C)An intrauterine device
D)None of these

Question 59

The release of an egg from an ovary is called ________.

A)oogenesis
B)gametogenesis
C)ovulation
D)menstruation

Question 60

Sound is "heard" when sound waves cause structures inside your ears to physically vibrate.A signal is then sent to your brain where it is interpreted as sound.What type of receptors in the ear are responsible for the sense of hearing?

A)Chemoreceptors
B)Electromagnetic receptors
C)Mechanoreceptors
D)Thermoreceptors

Question 61

Describe what would happen if all of your skeletal muscles contracted at the same time.