Deck 15: Public Order Crime

Question 1

______ are drugs that reduce the sense of pain, tension, and anxiety, and produce a drowsy sense of euphoria.

A)hallucinogenics
B)narcotics
C)stimulants
D)Type II substances

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Police spend more than half of their time on ______ offenses.

A)alcohol-related
B)drug-related
C)gambling
D)sexual

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Which of the following, passed in 1914, was instrumental in changing the way that Americans thought about drug use?

A)The Boggs Act
B)The Golden Rule Disposition
C)The Harrison Act
D)The Volstead Act

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Alcohol ______ dopamine levels, and ______ serotonin levels.

A)decreases; decreases
B)decreases; increases
C)increases; decreases
D)increases; increases

Question 5

An individual's inhibitions are lowered due to the consumption of an illegal drug; in part due to this drug effect, the individual subsequently engages in a physical confrontation with a neighbor.This example of violence would be identified as ______ in origin, according to your readings.

A)conflict oriented
B)economic compulsive
C)pharmacological
D)systemic

Question 6

The effects of alcohol can be attributed to

A)the individual user's physiology and personality
B)its pharmacological properties
C)the social and cultural contexts surrounding its consumption
D)all of these

Question 7

Studies have indicated that approximately what percentage of American prison inmates are alcohol- and/or drug-addicted?

A)10%
B)25%
C)84%
D)95%

Question 8

______ is the term used to refer to those who recruit prostitutes and solicit clients for them, often exploiting vulnerable girls' strong need for love and acceptance by taking on the role of father, protector, and lover in their lives.

A)john
B)madame
C)pimp
D)procurement specialist

Question 9

Environmental factors are more important for understanding ______ alcoholism than ______ alcoholism.

A)Type I; Type II
B)Type II; Type I
C)Type III; Type IV
D)Type IV; Type III

Question 10

The only legal brothels operating in the United States are in:

A)Alabama
B)California
C)Georgia
D)Nevada

Question 11

Cocaine is an example of which category of drug?

A)hallucinogenics
B)narcotics
C)stimulants
D)Type II substances

Question 12

______ are mind-altering drugs.

A)hallucinogenics
B)narcotics
C)stimulants
D)Type II substances

Question 13

Drug use tends to peak between the ages of______, before dropping off sharply.

A)12-14
B)18-20
C)22-24
D)28-30

Question 14

LSD is an example of which category of drug?

A)hallucinogenics
B)narcotics
C)stimulants
D)Type II substances

Question 15

Which of the following provides the most accurate description of the relationship between drugs and crime?

A)Drug use and other forms of crime appear rooted in a general propensity toward deviant behaviors.
B)There is clear evidence that those who begin to use drugs are then drawn into other criminal behavior.
C)There is clear evidence that those who commit crimes are then drawn to drug use.
D)There is no apparent relationship between drug use and other forms of criminal activity.

Question 16

The notion that public order crimes are "victimless" is

A)widely accepted among criminologists and the general public
B)contested by criminologists but accepted among the general public
C)rejected by criminologists, due to the number of "secondary victims" harmed by such crimes
D)rejected by criminologists, due to the large number of public order crimes reported each year on the NCVS

Question 17

Which organization played the most fundamental role in changing attitudes toward drunk driving in the United States?

A)DEA
B)FBI
C)FDA
D)MADD

Question 18

A drug addict begins to shoplift and sell the stolen merchandise in order to support his habit.This is

A)conflict oriented
B)economic-compulsive
C)pharmacological
D)systemic

Question 19

As part of a conflict surrounding control of a territory in the drug market, two gangs engage in a gun battle.This type of violence is identified in your readings as ______ in origin.

A)Conflict oriented
B)Economic compulsive
C)pharmacological
D)systemic

Question 20

Type ______ alcoholism is characterized by mild abuse and minimal criminality, and tends to begin later in life.

A)I
B)II
C)III
D)IV

Question 21

Due to increased enforcement and the severity of punishments, alcohol-related traffic fatalities were reduced by ______ from 1982 to 2008.

A)83%
B)57%
C)41%
D)33%

Question 22

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention study found that ______ of males and ______ of females admitted that they had engaged in binge drinking in the past 30 days.

A)50%; 24%
B)11%; 17%
C)32%; 16%
D)23%; 11%

Question 23

Alcohol is more directly linked to violent crime than any other mood-altering substance.

Question 24

For those who engaged in the largest number of different drugs, what was their mean number of offenses committed?

A)47.7
B)133.0
C)225.3
D)306.1

Question 25

Studies have shown that very few criminal offenders suffer from addiction to drugs or alcohol.

Question 26

Public order crimes are those that

A)have been determined not to cause social harm
B)cause some social harm, though there is debate surrounding whether it is sufficient to justify regulation by the criminal justice system
C)cause a great deal of harm and physical injury in comparison to other categories of criminality
D)are clearly "victimless"

Question 27

There is a hierarchy among American prostitutes, with elite escorts having the potential to earn far more money per client than streetwalkers.

Question 28

Which explanation is based on the idea that drugs can have a direct or indirect effect on behavior?

A)economic
B)lifestyle
C)systemic
D)None of these

Question 29

Which of the following is true regarding the sex trade in ancient Greece?

A)Sex work was limited to a government-run network of brothels.
B)The poor could not afford the services of sex workers.
C)There was a hierarchy of different forms of sex work.
D)There was no sex trade in ancient Greece.

Question 30

Far more fatalities each year are attributed to drug abuse than are linked to alcohol use.

Question 31

Coca-Cola used to be made with the same ingredient from which cocaine is derived.

Question 32

Drugs, now considered illicit, were legally and widely used in the United States for medicinal purposes up until:

A)1850
B)1897
C)1914
D)1962

Question 33

Consuming a large number of alcoholic beverages in a short amount of time is referred to as

A)addictive drinking
B)binge drinking
C)criminal drinking
D)disorderly drinking

Question 34

Jimmy was laid off from his job at age 40; his resulting depression eventually led him to abuse alcohol, though he still managed to stay on the right side of the law, and was able to keep his family together.This is an example of a Type ______ alcoholic.

A)I
B)II
C)III
D)IV

Question 35

Most drug use by adolescents will eventually develop into addiction.

Question 36

Police spend more than half of their time on alcohol-related offenses.

Question 37

Alcohol is thought to reduce inhibition by affecting a neurotransmitter called

A)BABA
B)GABA
C)MABA
D)ZABA

Question 38

The passage of the Harrison Act led to an increase in drug addictions in the United States.

Question 39

Approximately 90% of youth in the United States have never used an illegal substance.

Question 40

According to your text, what may be the most addictive substance known?

A)marijuana
B)LSD
C)crack/smokeable cocaine
D)heroin

Question 41

Identify one characteristic that makes girls more vulnerable to pimps and other pressures to enter prostitution.

Question 42

Heritability estimates for Type I alcoholism are about 0.90 and about 0.40 for Type II, indicating that environmental factors are more important to understanding Type II alcoholism than Type I alcoholism.

Question 43

An American study found that 40% of college students reported at least one episode of binge drinking in the previous two weeks.

Question 44

Drug dealing is sometimes referred to as the "world's oldest profession."

Question 45

Alcohol consumption often drives individuals to commit violence or other serious criminal acts when drinking, even where they have no propensity to engage in those behaviors otherwise.

Question 46

What is the difference between Type I and Type II alcoholism?

Question 47

It has been estimated that prostitution is the primary source of income for over one million women in the United States.

Question 48

How do the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention define binge drinking?

Question 49

Identify one physiological effect of alcohol.

Question 50

According to the DEA schedule classification scheme, Schedule I substances carry the lowest risk of addiction.

Question 51

What has been found regarding the relationship between alcohol/substance abuse and criminality?

Question 52

In 2011, there were 929,903 DUI arrests, 52% of whom were males and 83% black.

Question 53

Throughout history, prostitution has always had a strong negative social stigma associated with it.

Question 54

What general criteria are used by the DEA in determining how to classify chemical substances?

Question 55

What was the Harrison Narcotic Act? Include its significance.

Question 56

Girls who have experienced physical, sexual, and emotional abuse are more vulnerable to pressures to enter prostitution.

Question 57

What is a stimulant?

Question 58

There are legal brothels operating in the contemporary United States.

Question 59

Identify the three ways that drugs are believed to contribute to violence.

Question 60

A 1999 nationwide study of DUI offenders found that the average BAC at arrest was 0.24, or three times the legal limit.

Question 61

Describe the drug classification system used by the DEA.Do you think that the criteria utilized are sufficient, or should other factors be considered when classifying drugs? Support your response.

Question 62

Marijuana is available in some states for what two reasons?

Question 63

Which organization has lobbied since 1980 to increase the legal drinking age?

Question 64

In your textbook, you read about the history of regulation of drugs and alcohol, and the relation of these substances to crime.Based on what you have learned, provide an argument both in favor of, and in opposition to, the criminalization of tobacco.

Question 65

Fully describe the three ways that drugs are believed to contribute to violence.

Question 66

How does the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) define drug addiction?

Question 67

Describe a sociological explanation for drug abuse and why biosociology challenges the theory.

Question 68

Using information learned in class, briefly describe the history of prostitution and its changing status throughout time.

Question 69

Binge drinking and driving while intoxicated are two of the largest concerns regarding alcohol and crime.Discuss why, using information learned in class.

Question 70

One of the common questions surrounding the connection between alcohol and criminality is whether one "causes" the other, or whether they simply co-vary.Do you believe that alcohol causes crime, or that criminal involvement leads to alcohol consumption, or neither? Support your answer with what you have learned in this class.

Question 71

Who are the four parties that the FBI covers under its definition of prostitution?

Question 72

Should prostitution be legalized? Discuss the pros and cons of legalizing prostitution.Use examples from your reading to support your answer.

Question 73

Define alcoholism and fully compare and contrast the two types.Be sure to include biological factors that were covered in your reading.

Question 74

What were considered the benefits of taxing and legalizing prostitution in ancient Athens?