Deck 16: White-Collar Crime

Question 1

Which group in the Walters and Geyer (2004) study was found to most self-identify as criminal?

A)white-collar only
B)white-collar prior
C)nonwhite-collar
D)none were significantly different

Answer 1

B

Question 2

An individual steals pens and paperclips from work.This is most clearly identified as ______ crime.

A)corporate
B)occupational
C)organized
D)professional occupational

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which of the following means "let the buyer beware"?

A)caveat emptor
B)laissez-faire
C)Machiavellianism
D)Sarbanes-Oxley Act

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Research has shown that business majors possess lower levels of ______ than those who pursue other legitimate careers.

A)intelligence
B)morals and ethics
C)self-control
D)socioeconomic standing

Question 5

In the study of white-collar criminals conducted by Walters and Geyer (2004), which group was found to be the most educated?

A)white-collar only
B)white-collar prior
C)nonwhite-collar
D)none were significantly different

Question 6

Which of the following increased the penalties for corporate crimes in the United States?

A)The Harrison Act
B)The McClellan Commission
C)Sarbanes-Oxley Act
D)Volstead Act

Question 7

______ crime is committed for personal gain, whereas ______ crime is committed on behalf of the organization.

A)occupational; corporate
B)corporate; occupational
C)white-collar; organized
D)organized; white-collar

Question 8

A physician files an insurance claim for a procedure that was not actually performed.This is most clearly identified as ______ crime.

A)corporate
B)occupational
C)organized
D)professional occupational

Question 9

Which demographic was significantly more influenced by techniques of neutralization?

A)women
B)men of color
C)men over 35
D)men under 35

Question 10

The U.S.Congress has identified ______ as "an illegal act or series of illegal acts committed by non-physical means and by concealment or guile, to obtain money or property, or to obtain business or personal advantage."

A)corporate crime
B)occupational crime
C)organized crime
D)white-collar crime

Question 11

The approach that businesses should be left alone to do as they will is known as ______.

A)caveat emptor
B)laissez-faire
C)Machiavellianism
D)Sarbanes-Oxley Act

Question 12

Plato's allegory about the gift of invisibility and human self-interest involves

A)the one ring
B)the ring of Gyges
C)the cloak of truth
D)the Golden Fleece

Question 13

What type of students were selected for the sample?

A)criminal justice
B)masters of business
C)law students
D)economic students

Question 14

Those with a strong internal locus of control

A)operate at higher stages of cognitive moral development
B)tend to behave according to their personal beliefs about right and wrong
C)have characteristics consistent with those of whistleblowers
D)all of these

Question 15

______ crime is committed in the name of a company's profit and growth.

A)corporate
B)occupational
C)organizational
D)professional occupational

Question 16

______ refers to the unprincipled manipulation of others for personal gain.

A)caveat emptor
B)laissez-faire
C)Machiavellianism
D)Sarbanes-Oxley Act

Question 17

People high in ______ exploit superiors and equals by deceit and ingratiation, and subordinates by bullying.

A)The McClellan Commission
B)locus of control
C)Machiavellianism
D)moral reasoning

Question 18

The Enron scandal is one example of ______ crime.

A)corporate
B)occupational
C)organizational
D)professional occupational

Question 19

What was the test used by Walters and Geyer (2004) to measure criminal thinking patterns such as hostility, cutoff, entitlement, and power orientation?

A)SIC scale
B)LCSF-R
C)NWC
D)PICTS

Question 20

Who coined the term white-collar crime in the 1930s?

A)The U.S.Congress
B)Gottfredson and Hirschi
C)Edwin Sutherland
D)Matthew Geyer

Question 21

The cost of medical fraud resulting from unnecessary and overpriced medical tests and treatments, administrative fees, and other fraud was estimated at $750 billion in 2009.

Question 22

Walters and Geyer's (2004) study found that there are three general categories of white-collar offenders.

Question 23

More people die each year as the result of scams and illegal corporate activity than as the result of the activities of street criminals.

Question 24

The Administration Improvement Act of 1979 definition of white-collar crime fails to differentiate between persons who commit crimes for personal gain and those who do so primarily on behalf of an employer.

Question 25

Most stolen identity information is for the personal use of the individual who stole it.

Question 26

What is Machiavellianism?

Question 27

A study of brokerage firms found that many of the biggest names in the business have not had any serious violations since the early 1980s.

Question 28

What is corporate crime?

Question 29

For a very long period in our history, victims of defective and dangerous products could not sue corporations for damages.

Question 30

Most cybercrime targets are ______ in nature.

A)physical
B)emotional
C)informational
D)informal

Question 31

The Uniform Crime Report contains comprehensive data regarding the prevalence of white-collar crime.

Question 32

Just as there are criminogenic neighborhoods, there are also criminogenic corporations with a "tradition" of wrongdoing.

Question 33

What activity can be considered cybercrime?

A)terrorism
B)identity theft
C)child pornography
D)all of these

Question 34

Just about everyone who enters cyberspace is a potential victim of cybercrime.

Question 35

An individual who illicitly accesses someone else's computer system is known as a

A)hacker
B)phisher
C)pirate
D)virtual kidnapper

Question 36

Most white-collar crime is committed by persons of particularly high status.

Question 37

What is occupational crime?

Question 38

The financial impact of the savings and loan scandal pales in comparison to the impact of bank robberies.

Question 39

On average, business majors tend to be more ethical than those majoring in other fields.

Question 40

Occupational crime has minimal financial costs, which may account for why it is not taken seriously.

Question 41

What is the Sarbanes-Oxley Act?

Question 42

What is professional occupational crime?

Question 43

What did Congress do in the Administration Improvement Act in 1979?

Question 44

What is the difference between an internal locus of control and an external locus of control?

Question 45

Compare and contrast occupational crime and corporate crime.Provide examples of each to support your answer.

Question 46

What theory did Walters and Geyer (2004) compare their findings to?

Question 47

Do you think the causes of occupational white-collar crime differ substantially from those of street crime? Justify your answer.

Question 48

Compare and contrast the theories for white-collar crime, locus of control, moral reasoning, and Machiavellianism.

Question 49

Identify and describe all of the different types of cybercrime discussed in your text.

Question 50

Many people see no harm in receiving and utilizing illegally copied music, movies, and software.Describe some of the reasons given and use what you have learned in class to counter them.

Question 51

What are the four established legal categories in cybercrime?

Question 52

Describe Plato's allegory and what message was he trying to convey?

Question 53

What was the purpose of Walters and Geyer's (2004) study on white-collar criminals?

Question 54

Discuss Walters and Geyer's (2004) findings and the limitations of their study.

Question 55

Do you think that the motives of occupational criminals are the same as, or different than, those of street criminals? Support your answer with what you have learned in class.

Question 56

What are some of the factors that lead to the savings and loan scandals of the 1980s?