Deck 3: Organization of the Nervous System II

Question 1

The peripheral nervous system includes all of the following EXCEPT:

A)peripheral ganglia of the autonomic nervous system
B)spinal cord
C)spinal nerves
D)cranial nerves

Answer 1

B
The spinal cord is part of the central nervous system.

Question 2

The ___ integrates autonomic activity with endocrine and somatic responses.

A)periaqueductal gray matter
B)hypothalamus
C)nucleus solitarius
D)pituitary gland
E)amygdala

Answer 2

B
The hypothalamus maintains homeostasis by integrating the activities of the autonomic nervous system and the endocrine system with somatic responses.

Question 3

The ___ has a direct effect on the deglutition and digestion of food.

A)parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system
B)enteric nervous system
C)sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system
D)phrenic nerve

Answer 3

B
The enteric system is formed by a neuronal plexus in the gastrointestinal tract,and has a direct effect on deglutition and food digestion.

Question 4

The anterior inferior cerebellar arteries are branches of the ___ arteries.

A)middle cerebral
B)vertebral
C)basilar
D)internal carotid
E)anterior communicating

Question 5

The meningeal layer that is nearest the brain is the:

A)pia mater
B)arachnoid mater
C)periosteal dura mater
D)meningeal dura mater

Question 6

A dermatome:

A)is an area of the body innervated by specific sensory components of spinal nerves
B)consists of bone,muscle,and connective tissue
C)is an area of the body innervated by specific motor components of spinal nerves
D)both A and C

Question 7

Anterior horn cells:

A)are the axons of efferent neurons
B)can be found in the dorsal spinal cord
C)are the motor nuclei in the spinal cord
D)are afferent fibers

Question 8

The falx cerebri is created by folds in the:

A)tentorium cerebelli
B)arachnoid granulations
C)dura mater
D)arachnoid mater
E)subarachnoid space

Question 9

The parasympathetic nervous system:

A)innervates visceral structures of the head and body cavities
B)has a global distribution innervating visceral structures in the entire body
C)innervates visceral structures of the body wall
D)can raise blood pressure
E)has long postganglionic fibers

Question 10

A lesion at a particular level of the spinal cord:

A)can impair function at the level of the lesion and below
B)impairs function at the level of the lesion only
C)impairs function at the level of the lesion and above
D)impairs movement,but not sensation

Question 11

Cranial nerves:

A)are attached to the brain at regular intervals
B)have dorsal and ventral roots
C)are protected by the skull and less prone to trauma than spinal nerves
D)have sensory,motor,or mixed functions

Question 12

Which of the following is not a characteristic of cerebrospinal fluid?

A)CSF is produced in the ventricles.
B)CSF provides a cushion to protect the brain against trauma.
C)CSF diffuses into the bloodstream in the choroid plexus.
D)CSF removes waste products from the central nervous system.
E)CSF provides nutrients to neural tissuE.

Question 13

Which of the following arteries is NOT part of the circle of Willis?

A)anterior cerebral artery
B)posterior cerebral artery
C)basilar artery
D)middle cerebral artery
E)anterior communicating artery

Question 14

The sensory fibers of the spinal nerves:

A)are located in the posterior root ganglion
B)are part of the posterior root of the spinal nerves
C)are also called anterior horn cells
D)are efferent fibers

Question 15

A mixed nerve:

A)is descriptive of the cranial nerves
B)is descriptive of the spinal nerves
C)is descriptive of the peripheral ganglia
D)is a nerve that carries both sensory and motor fibers
E)both B and D

Question 16

The lateral surface of the brain is supplied by the ___ artery.

A)posterior cerebral
B)basilar
C)anterior cerebral
D)middle cerebral
E)vertebral

Question 17

The circle of Willis:

A)is formed by the anastomosis of the internal carotid arteries with the basilar arteries
B)restricts blood flow to one hemisphere if there is an occlusion
C)allows collateral circulation if blood flow is reduced in one area
D)allows a mixing of vertebral and internal carotid arterial blood because of a pressure differential

Question 18

The ___ produces cerebrospinal fluid.

A)arachnoid granulations
B)subarachnoid space
C)pia mater
D)choroid plexus
E)ependyma

Question 19

The sympathetic nervous system:

A)conserves energy by lowering the heart rate
B)has ganglia that are close to the tissue it innervates
C)has long preganglionic fibers
D)has ganglia that are close to the central nervous system

Question 20

The ___ artery supplies the medial surface of the cortex,including the hypothalamus.

A)anterior cerebral
B)basilar
C)superior cerebellar
D)middle cerebral
E)vertebral

Question 21

Patients with ____damage may have visuospatial deficits and constructional disturbances.

A)frontal lobe
B)temporal lobe
C)occipital lobe
D)parietal lobe

Question 22

The developing brain is most vulnerable to teratogens between __ of development.

A)1 and 3 weeks
B)4 and 5 months
C)3 and 16 weeks
D)16 and 24 weeks

Question 23

The spinal cord is the same length as the vertebral column.

Question 24

The cerebellum completes its development at the same time as the rest of the central nervous system.

Question 25

The neural tube closes after approximately 4 weeks of development.

Question 26

Which of these vesicles undergoes further division?

A)rhombencephalon
B)mesencephalon
C)prosencephalon
D)None of these vesicles further divides.
E)both A and C

Question 27

The pons and cerebellum develop from the:

A)myelencephalon
B)prosencephalon
C)mesencephalon
D)metencephalon

Question 28

The dorsal root ganglia develop directly from the:

A)notochord
B)neural tube
C)somites
D)neural crest
E)central alexia

Question 29

Placodes are part of the development of the:

A)meninges
B)ventricles
C)cortex
D)spinal cord
E)cranial nerves

Question 30

The ___ is the layer of cortex with the most layers.

A)archicortex
B)allocortex
C)neocortex
D)mesocortex

Question 31

The thalamus develops from the:

A)diencephalon
B)telencephalon
C)neopallium
D)rhombencephalon
E)both A and B

Question 32

The posterior cerebral arteries branch from the vertebral arteries.

Question 33

Somites develop into:

A)the neural tube
B)muscles and bone
C)the neural crest
D)the spinal cord
E)the jaw

Question 34

The structure associated with efferent functions of the spinal cord is the:

A)alar plate
B)conus medullaris
C)sulcus limitans
D)basal plate
E)cauda equinus

Question 35

The caudal end of the spinal cord is the:

A)cauda equinus
B)sulcus limitans
C)conus medullaris
D)alar plate
E)basal plate

Question 36

The folding of cortical tissue during the development of the brain allows the brain to have a larger surface area than the area of the skull.

Question 37

The area of the brain generally responsible for the planning and control of motor movements is the:

A)anterior part of the brain
B)posterior part of the brain
C)left hemisphere
D)right hemisphere

Question 38

In the embryo,the __ will develop into the central nervous system.

A)endoderm
B)ectoderm
C)notochord
D)mesoderm

Question 39

Patients with ___ damage may have a lack of self-awareness and display inappropriate social behavior.

A)frontal lobe
B)temporal lobe
C)occipital lobe
D)parietal lobe

Question 40

Wernicke's aphasia may result from damage to the:

A)right temporal lobe
B)supramarginal gyrus
C)primary motor cortex
D)inferior frontal lobe
E)visual association area

Question 41

Most of the muscles involved in speech have bilateral upper motor neuron innervation.

Question 42

A lesion in an upper motor neuron below the pyramidal decussation would impair the side of the body contralateral to the lesion.