Deck 21: Infection Controlasepsis

Question 1

Which of these methods can a nurse recommend that individuals use to reduce their risk of infection?

A)eating a balanced diet
B)limiting exercise
C)limiting immunization to children
D)taking antibiotics prophylactically

Answer 1

eating a balanced diet

Question 2

The client acquired an infection,which was not present or incubating at the time of a client's admission.This is an example of:

A)acquired
B)localized
C)nosocomial
D)systemic

Answer 2

nosocomial

Question 3

Which of these processes protects the body against future invasions of already experienced antigens?

A)acquired immunity
B)humoral immunity
C)immune response
D)systemic immunity

Answer 3

acquired immunity

Question 4

Which of these terms refers to the ability of a microorganism to produce disease?

A)colonization
B)convalescence
C)pathogenicity
D)virulence

Question 5

To eliminate pathogens from a stethoscope,between client contacts,which of these actions should the nurse take?

A)Cleanse it with alcohol.
B)Scrub it with a soft bristle brush and detergent.
C)Wash it with cold water only.
D)Wash it with soap and water.

Question 6

Which of these statements about the inflammatory process is TRUE?

A)Inflammation is always accompanied by purulent exudate.
B)Inflammation is not necessarily the result of invading microorganisms.
C)The intensity of the inflammatory process usually reflects the virulence of the pathogen.
D)The process has a varying number of stages depending upon the degree of tissue injury.

Question 7

Which of these terms refers to microorganisms that are always present but usually not harmful to clients?

A)pathogens
B)protozoa
C)resident flora
D)transient flora

Question 8

Which of the following lab values would be indicative of infection?

A)decrease in the pH of body fluids
B)increased neutrophil and lymphocyte count
C)negative cultures of involved body fluids
D)normal leukocyte count with increased eosinophils

Question 9

How does medical asepsis differ from surgical asepsis?

A)Medical asepsis is concerned with "clean" and "dirty" objects.
B)Surgical asepsis refers to procedures associated with preoperative care.
C)Medical asepsis eliminates all microorganisms from an area or object.
D)Surgical asepsis is used when floors or furniture are cleansed daily.

Question 10

Which of these terms is applied to a client admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of bacterial pneumonia?

A)biological agent
B)carrier
C)compromised host
D)susceptible host

Question 11

In preventing the spread of infection,the MOST important intervention for health care professionals is:

A)client education
B)hand hygiene
C)proper use of isolation techniques
D)universal precautions

Question 12

Which of these risk factors increases a client's susceptibility to infection?

A)age
B)obesity
C)state of residence
D)immunization

Question 13

Which of these statements about bacteria is TRUE?

A)Bacteria are found in selective environments.
B)Most bacteria are harmful and cause disease.
C)The optimal temperature for bacterial growth is 2 degrees above normal body temperature.
D)Some forms of bacteria produce spores.

Question 14

To prevent the transmission of microorganisms,nurses must do which of the following?

A)Break the chain of infection.
B)Discourage client contact with susceptible individuals.
C)Identify colonized individuals.
D)Recognize modes of transmission.

Question 15

When working with clients,the nurse is aware that the time between the entry of an infectious agent into the client and the onset of symptoms is:

A)convalescence period
B)illness
C)incubation period
D)prodromal period

Question 16

Which of these factors affects the virulence of a pathogen?

A)ability to bypass healthy cells
B)amount available to produce disease
C)ability to evade the attack of white blood cells
D)strength of resistance to healthy cells

Question 17

Microorganisms that cause influenza,chickenpox,and hepatitis B are:

A)bacteria
B)fungi
C)protozoa
D)viruses

Question 18

During an initial exposure to an antigen,the T cells stimulate the production of B cells,which then produce antibodies specific to the antigen.This process is collectively referred to as:

A)acquired immunity
B)humoral immunity
C)specific immune defense
D)vaccination

Question 19

During which stage of the infectious process does a client with chickenpox see the first skin eruptions of the disease?

A)convalescent
B)illness
C)incubation
D)prodromal

Question 20

The normal flora of microorganisms in the intestines is an example of:

A)colonization
B)infection
C)pathogenicity
D)virulence

Question 21

When providing discharge instructions to a surgical client,the nurse should include which of the following interventions? (Select all that apply. )

A)keep bed linens clean and dry
B)take antibiotics as ordered by physician
C)change dressing once a week
D)wash hands thoroughly twice a day
E)call the physician if temperature is elevated
F)wear gloves when changing the dressing

Question 22

A nurse is to insert an indwelling urinary catheter into a female client.After thorough hand hygiene,which of these techniques should the nurse use?

A)Cleanse the client's perineal area before catheter insertion.
B)Establish and maintain a sterile field before and during catheter insertion.
C)Don gloves before positioning the client for catheter insertion.
D)Wear cap,gown,gloves,and goggles during the catheter insertion.

Question 23

The nurse is caring for a client who had abdominal surgery.Which of the following risk factors increase this client's susceptibility to infection? (Select all that apply. )

A)invasive procedures
B)rupture of amniotic membrane
C)trauma
D)inadequate primary defenses
E)immunosuppression

Question 24

Which of the following procedures requires the nurse to practice surgical asepsis?

A)handling or disposing of infectious waste
B)performing noninvasive procedures
C)wound or intravenous site dressing changes
D)tearing down a sterile field