Deck 9: The Lone-Parent Familythe Future Majority

Question 1

Elise,Sarah,Jess,and Madhur are all single mothers. Who is most likely to marry,separate,divorce,and remarry?

A) Elise, a teen mother
B) Sarah, a widowed mother
C) Jess, a cohabiting mother
D) Madhur, a lesbian mother

Answer 1

A

Question 2

According to the text,which of the following is an example of stigma against lone-parent families?

A) They are referred to as incomplete.
B) They are part of the Noah's ark syndrome.
C) Family benefits are calculated based on the number of parents in the home.
D) They are penalized by the tax system.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

What does the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth state about children born in recent years?

A) They will continue to experience lone-parent family living at about the current rate.
B) They are more likely to spend their entire childhood with a lone parent.
C) They will experience lone-parent family living younger than earlier generations.
D) They do not have male role models because they live with lone mothers.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

According to the text,which of the following does NOT contribute to the increase in lone-parent families?

A) The number of divorces has increased dramatically.
B) Fewer unmarried mothers place their children for adoption.
C) Common-law relationships are not as stable as marriages.
D) The pregnancy and birth rate among teens has increased.

Question 5

According to the text,what are lone mothers under the age of 25 most likely to be doing?

A) looking for a job
B) receiving welfare
C) increasing their education
D) using daycare centres

Question 6

According to the text,which of the following BEST describes older single women who have babies?

A) They usually think they have found "Mr. Right."
B) They tend to have high ideals for marriage.
C) They always have accidental pregnancies.
D) They are rarely able to support a child.

Question 7

According to the text,which of the following is NOT likely to be a factor in remarriage for divorced and widowed individuals?

A) how desirable they think marriage is
B) how eligible they are
C) premarital parenthood
D) the presence of children

Question 8

In 1951,what was the status of two-thirds of lone parents?

A) divorced.
B) unwed mothers.
C) widowed.
D) unwed fathers.

Question 9

What did the original legislation establishing Mother's Allowance (now Family Benefits)do?

A) It made all female lone parents eligible.
B) It provided payments for only "morally upright" women
C) It provided benefits for all lone parents, male or female.
D) It provided benefits for all female lone parents except widows.

Question 10

For most children,how long does the first experience of lone-parent family living?

A) over ten years
B) between five and ten years
C) less than five years
D) less than three years

Question 11

According to the text,in 2003,how did lone mothers compare to other mothers?

A) Lone mothers were more likely to be poor.
B) Lone mothers were more likely to be employed.
C) Lone mothers were more likely to be students.
D) Lone mothers were more likely to do well on welfare.

Question 12

According to the text,how was the lone-parent family needing financial aid regarded early in the 20th century?

A) as being eligible for help only if it included a deserted unwed mother
B) as having personal rather than general economic problems
C) as requiring sympathy and understanding rather than condemnation
D) as needing financial help rather than suspicion from officials

Question 13

According to the text,what was the fastest-growing family type in Canada for many years?

A) the nuclear family
B) the lone-parent family
C) the stepfamily
D) the same-sex family

Question 14

According to the text,what happened to lone parents in the past?

A) They were seen as objects of pity, because they had incomplete families.
B) They experienced stigma, especially if they were considered responsible.
C) They were regarded as having just another kind of family.
D) They experienced approval for their courage in breaking down stereotypes.

Question 15

Jane became a lone parent when her husband died.What is she likely to do,compared with never-married and divorced parents?

A) She is more likely to remarry because she is more positive toward marriage.
B) She is less likely to remarry because she is too dependent on her children.
C) She is more likely to remarry because men prefer widowed to divorced women.
D) She is less likely to remarry because she is probably older.

Question 16

According to the text,which of the following is LEAST likely to affect the life pattern of a single mother?

A) the likelihood of marriage or remarriage
B) the age at which she became a single parent
C) current life circumstances
D) the availability of her mother

Question 17

According to the text,which of the following BEST describes the life patterns of lone parents?

A) They may have less in common than is usually imagined.
B) They are all very similar because they share the lone-parent experience.
C) They depend less on the circumstances of lone parenthood than on age.
D) They are most closely related to how lone parenthood ends.

Question 18

According to the text,what was the main reason for the employment and income of lone mothers in Canada increasing between 1980 and 2000?

A) Lone mothers at this time were more likely to be divorced than teen parents.
B) The cost of living did not rise as significantly during this time as had been predicted.
C) More government funding became available to support single-parent families.
D) Lone mothers at this time tended to be older and have higher education.

Question 19

What is NOT an important difference between lone parenthood today and in the 1950s?

A) More lone parents were widowed in the 1950s.
B) Most lone-parent families today are the result of divorce.
C) Today, many women get married when they discover they are pregnant.
D) Today a larger number of women have children outside marriage.

Question 20

Anya has recently had a baby at the age of 16.According to the text,which of the following is LEAST likely to be true of her situation?

A) She has not completed her education or training for employment.
B) She has become emotionally independent from her family of origin.
C) She and her baby are living below the poverty line.
D) She has not developed a clear sense of her own identity.

Question 21

What is a major difficulty in explaining differences between children from one-parent and two-parent families?

A) the lack of long-term follow-up
B) the recent changes in divorce
C) the great variety of lone-parent families
D) the failure to socialize children properly

Question 22

What is the term for informal networks of friends and relatives who provide information,assistance,and understanding?

A) social life
B) social scripts
C) social support
D) social services

Question 23

According to the text,what does social support comprise?

A) societal support and emotional and practical assistance
B) financial support provided through provincial funds
C) encouragement given by others to mix socially with adults
D) assistance provided by social service agencies such as child welfare

Question 24

Syrah is a lone parent.If her experience is similar to the majority,what will she experience?

A) no problems finding quality affordable day care
B) an employer who is sympathetic toward her difficulties
C) a dead-end job with little chance for promotion
D) the same income level and childcare problems as single fathers

Question 25

When do children from lone-parent families have more difficulties in both relationships and school?

A) when their mothers use a hostile parenting style
B) when their fathers use a permissive parenting style
C) when both parents are authoritative
D) when only their mothers are authoritative

Question 26

If Sandi is like other lone parents,according to the text,what is likely to be true of her financial/employment situation?

A) She will likely be discouraged from working because of difficulty finding reliable and affordable childcare.
B) She will likely be striving to increase her professional training so that she can get a better job.
C) She will likely have a steady income because of the Mothers Allowance.
D) She will likely earn more than her peers of comparable ages without children.

Question 27

What does the text suggest as a new source of support for lone parents?

A) family-friendly federal policies
B) the Internet
C) the school system
D) the legal system

Question 28

According to the text,why should we NOT be concerned about the "epidemic" of teen mothers?

A) Most teen mothers get married within five years.
B) Births to teen mothers have fallen in recent years.
C) Teen mothers tend to be better parents than older mothers.
D) There is no epidemic of teen births.

Question 29

Why are children from single-parent families more likely to have school problems than those from "traditional" families?

A) the lack of a role model
B) financial hardship
C) separation from a parent
D) joint custody

Question 30

Which of the following is NOT an explanation given for the increased problems faced by children from lone-parent families?

A) They grow up in poverty.
B) They may experience poor-quality parenting.
C) Their lives involve more stress.
D) They are often neglected or abused

Question 31

According to the text,which lone mothers are more likely to go back to school or get a job?

A) those with several children
B) those with friends and relatives who provide practical help
C) those who have been on welfare for a length of time
D) those with neighbours who have reported them for welfare fraud

Question 32

Which of the following BEST describes people with poor support systems?

A) They tend also to lack financial resources.
B) They are less likely to become clients of social service agencies.
C) They have too many interfering relatives.
D) They may not have the resources to cope with long-term stress.

Question 33

Which of the following statements is NOT true of young adults whose parents divorced before they were five?

A) They are more likely to have long-term emotional difficulties.
B) Their troublesome behaviour emerged only after their parents' divorce.
C) They are more likely to have a child outside marriage.
D) They are more disruptive and unhappy.

Question 34

Which of the following is NOT a pressure exerted on mothers receiving welfare?

A) snitch lines
B) invasion of privacy
C) pressure to increase job training
D) pressure to seek employment

Question 35

What behaviour is more likely in children whose mothers had numerous consecutive romantic partners?

A) being depressed and easily frustrated
B) being promiscuous
C) being anxious and aggressive
D) being in trouble with the law

Question 36

Which lone parents are most likely to be at risk for income instability?

A) widowers
B) divorced
C) younger
D) older

Question 37

Lone-mother families are more likely than other types of families to spend a high percentage of their income on housing.What percentage do they spend?

A) 15%
B) 25%
C) 30%
D) 40%

Question 38

According to a City of Calgary survey of single parents,difficulties in having a social life included all the following EXCEPT which one?

A) lack of money
B) inconvenient timing
C) scheduling conflicts
D) lack of contact with others

Question 39

What is the level of income below which an individual or family is considered to be living in poverty?

A) the standard of living
B) welfare
C) the level of necessities
D) the poverty line

Question 40

What is the single largest expense for most single mothers?

A) housing
B) food
C) transportation
D) daycare

Question 41

According to the text,which of the following is a symptom of boundary and role confusion when a teen mother lives with her parents?

A) deciding that the teen mother will have primary responsibility for her child
B) planning to get an apartment for herself and her baby once she has graduated
C) doing laundry for herself and her baby
D) arguing over who should make rules for the child

Question 42

Until recently,the fastest-growing family type in Canada is the ____________________ family.

Question 43

According to the text,which of the following is LEAST likely to be true of a teen mother?

A) She is unlikely to have completed her education.
B) She may have problems maintaining romantic relationships.
C) She may have problems supporting herself and her baby.
D) She may have problems returning to school.

Question 44

Where do similarities between single mothers and single fathers come from?

A) the fact that both are very likely to live in poverty
B) the similarities of their parenting techniques
C) men's tendency to spend less time on "feminine" chores
D) the conflict between the child's need for care and job demands

Question 45

What did an American study of low-income teen mothers find about mothers who provided their children with more support for learning?

A) The mothers had street smarts and determination.
B) The mothers tried to make up for their own difficulties.
C) The mothers did not rely on a male partner.
D) The mothers were less likely to be employed.

Question 46

For most children,the first experience in lone-parent families lasts less than __________ years.

Question 47

Referring to a lone-parent family as "broken" or "incomplete" is a sign of ____________.

Question 48

Nearly ________________ of lone-mother families lived below the poverty line in 2003..

Question 49

In the future,what is likely to happen to lone-parent families?

A) They will probably decrease as a result of better contraception.
B) They will probably decrease as a result of poor economic times.
C) They will probably increase as a result of delayed marriages.
D) They will probably increase as a result of the growing divorce rate.

Question 50

According to the text,why do many pregnant teens choose to have their baby?

A) They want to give the baby to a childless couple.
B) The baby has been planned and is wanted.
C) They see no strong reasons not to.
D) They want to punish their parents.

Question 51

____________________ is the largest single expense for most single mothers.

Question 52

On average,children who grow up in lone-parent families do ____________________ in school than children who live with both biological parents.

Question 53

According to the text,which statement is TRUE about lone fathers?

A) The percentage of lone fathers has increased since 1986.
B) Men tend to become lone parents in their 20s.
C) The number of lone fathers has decreased because fewer gain custody.
D) Men are lone parents for shorter time periods..

Question 54

In 1951,two-thirds of lone parents were _______________.

Question 55

The level of income below which an individual family is considered to be poor is called the ____________________.

Question 56

___________________ refers to the practical assistance or emotional backup provided by others.

Question 57

Which is true of father involvement with children in female-headed,single parent families?

A) It confuses the children and should be minimized.
B) It is important to the development of children in lone-parent families.
C) It is a problem because many were abusive when involved with the child's mother.
D) Fathers shy away from involvement because they are less competent parents.

Question 58

Why are teen mothers unlikely to improve their financial status even when they marry?

A) Their partners typically have poor financial prospects.
B) Their partners are often in jail.
C) They are unlikely to work for long periods of time.
D) They spend money irresponsibly.

Question 59

Lone mothers most likely to separate,divorce,and marry more than once are ____________________ in age.

Question 60

What do we find when we compare lone mothers and lone fathers?

A)Lone fathers appear more responsible.
B)Lone mothers tend to become parents later in life.
C)There are more similarities than differences.
D)There are more differences than similarities.

Question 61

Compare stereotypes with the reality about children who grow up in lone-parent families.

Question 62

Discuss possible explanations for differences between children raised in one- and two-parent families.

Question 63

State two differences between lone parents in the 1950s compared with those in the 1990s.

Question 64

Suggest one similarity and two differences between lone mothers and lone fathers.

Question 65

Explain why individuals who have grown up in lone-parent families may have an increased level of difficulty in life.

Question 66

List three reasons teenagers might choose to have children.

Question 67

Discuss the importance of age in the life course of single mothers.

Question 68

Describe the stigma attached to lone parenthood.

Question 69

Which lone parents are most likely to remarry? Explain your answer.

Question 70

Explain why relatively few fathers have custody of their children.

Question 71

Name three ways in which lone parenthood can end.

Question 72

State two stereotypes concerning teen mothers.

Question 73

Discuss factors affecting the economic well-being of lone parents.Give examples.

Question 74

Briefly describe housing problems experienced by single mothers.

Question 75

Define "social support" and indicate the main sources of social support used by single parents.