Deck 14: Biological Aspects of Later Adulthood

Question 1

The following is true about physiological changes experienced by older people:

A) The voice generally becomes lower pitched
B) Older people have lower accident rates than do middle-age adults
C) Research has proven that intellectual functioning declines in later adulthood
D) Homeostasis becomes less efficient in later adulthood

Answer 1

D

Question 2

_____ occurs when fluid pressure in the eye builds up.

A) Glaucoma
B) Cataract
C) Macular degeneration

Answer 2

A

Question 3

_____ involves clouding of the lens of the eye or of its capsule that obstructs the passage of light.

A) Glaucoma
B) Cataract
C) Macular degeneration

Answer 3

B

Question 4

The _____ asserts that aging results when DNA molecules are used up in cells,so that the cells gradually die.

A) Cellular genetic theory of DNA damage
B) Running-out-of-program theory
C) Error theory of aging
D) Somatic mutation by radiation theory

Question 5

At age 88,_____ was the Chancellor of Germany.

A) Konrad Adenauer
B) Benjamin Franklin
C) Arthur Rubenstein
D) Albert Schweitzer

Question 6

Gerontologists have labeled people aged 75 and above as:

A) Old-old
B) Mid-old
C) Ancient
D) Really old

Question 7

The _____ project has mapped the order of DNA base pairs in all the genes in the human body.

A) Genetic Determinism
B) Stem Cell
C) Human Genome
D) Cell Genomics

Question 8

Which of the following is true regarding Alzheimer's disease:

A) Pneumonia is the most frequent cause of death for its victims
B) Having one or more of the genes linked to the disease means you will develop this disorder
C) The disease destroys brain cells in as few as 2 years
D) People with autism develop symptoms indistinguishable from this disease

Question 9

_____ is the leading cause of death among older people in the United States.

A) Lung disease
B) Cancer
C) Heart disease
D) Stroke

Question 10

At age 89,_____ gave one of his greatest recitals in New York's Carnegie Hall.

A) Konrad Adenauer
B) Marv Baker Eddy
C) Arthur Rubenstein
D) Albert Schweitzer

Question 11

The following is true about physiological changes experienced by older people:

A) The lungs increase in size, resulting in an increase of oxygen utilization
B) The heart increases in size, and the percentage of fat in the heart decreases
C) The elasticity in the valves of the heart is increased
D) The rhythm of the heart becomes slower and more irregular

Question 12

Aging aspects of sexual response in females include:

A) Lubrication occurs more rapidly
B) Amount of lubrication increases
C) The orgasmic phase is usually longer in duration
D) Clitoris may become smaller

Question 13

Which of the following is considered a biological insult that hastens the aging process.

A) Prolonged exposure to cold
B) Negative thinking
C) Insecurity
D) Severe psychological stress

Question 14

The accumulation theory is described in the text as a _____ theory.

A) Physiological
B) Genetic
C) Biological
D) Nongenetic cellular

Question 15

At age 89,_____ headed a hospital in Africa.

A) Konrad Adenauer
B) Benjamin Franklin
C) Arthur Rubenstein
D) Albert Schweitzer

Question 16

At age 87,_____ founded the Christian Science Monitor.

A) Konrad Adenauer
B) Mary Baker Eddy
C) Benjamin Franklin
D) Arthur Rubenstein

Question 17

Which of the following is true about glaucoma:

A) It is a disease affecting the muscles around the heart of older people
B) Smokers are about four times as likely to develop this condition
C) It is the leading cause of functional blindness in older people
D) It can be treated and controlled by eye drops

Question 18

Aging aspects of sexual response in males include:

A) An increase in Cowper's gland secretion
B) A decreased ability to maintain erection before ejaculation
C) An increased need to ejaculate
D) Shorter refractory period

Question 19

Which of the following is true about physiological changes experienced by older people:

A) Vestibular senses include the voice and throat
B) Older people are equally as prone to fall as younger adults
C) Many older people eventually lose all their teeth
D) All older people experience some degree of glaucoma

Question 20

_____ occurs when the center of the retina gradually loses the ability to sharply distinguish fine details.

A) Glaucoma
B) Cataract
C) Macular degeneration

Question 21

_____ asserts that a person's thoughts dictate the reality of that person's life,whether or not he or she is aware of it.

A) Fight or Flight
B) Positive Thinking
C) Law of Attraction
D) General Adaptation Syndrome

Question 22

The life expectancy for Americans is _____ years.

A) 79
B) 85
C) 91
D) 95

Question 23

Everyone ages,but we still do not know what causes people to age.

Question 24

Insecurity tends to accelerate the aging process.

Question 25

Regarding sleep patterns,which of the following is true:

A) Older people generally fall asleep easier than those in middle adulthood
B) Older people in fairly good health require more sleep than do those in middle adulthood
C) Deep sleep virtually disappears for older people
D) Older people should avoid catnaps

Question 26

Older people have higher accident rates than do middle-age adults.

Question 27

The old-old group of people starts at age 85.

Question 28

In primitive societies,as is the same in our society,old age is defined in terms of chronological age.

Question 29

In older people there may be a small reduction in overall height due to a progressive thinning of the discs between the spinal vertebrae.

Question 30

The process of aging is called senescence.

Question 31

In Japan,old age is a mark of status.

Question 32

The medical expenses of an older person are approximately the same as those of a young adult.

Question 33

Many 70-year-olds think,act,and feel as 50-year-olds did two decades ago.

Question 34

All older people lose their sexual drive and no longer are sexually active.

Question 35

Regularity of sexual release does not help to maintain sexual response capability in later years.

Question 36

The young-old group of people includes those who are 75 to 85 years old.

Question 37

When using biofeedback equipment to monitor a person's stress level:

A) An increase in hand temperature indicates an increase in calm and relaxation
B) A decrease in hand temperature indicates an increase in calm and relaxation
C) Neither is true, biofeedback equipment does not measure hand temperature, it only measures heart rate

Question 38

The second stage of the general adaptation syndrome is the _____ phase.

A) Resistance
B) Alarm
C) Exhaustion
D) Balance

Question 39

The process of vaginal lubrication in women is analogous to erection in males.

Question 40

Within a family group,the rate of aging shows a high positive correlation with genetic factors for the different family members.

Question 41

People who live most of their life in a large urban environment tend to live longer than people who live in a rural environment.

Question 42

At the time of this writing,there are no disadvantages to genetic testing.

Question 43

Older people should not take catnaps because they are detrimental to their health.

Question 44

All stress is bad and destructive,and should be avoided.

Question 45

Progressive muscle relaxation is based on the principle that a person cannot be anxious when his or her muscles are relaxed.

Question 46

How are the psychomotor skills changed in later adulthood?

Question 47

Women are much more apt to be widows than men are apt to be widowers.

Question 48

What are the vestibular senses,and what changes occur as people age?

Question 49

Males in our country have a longer life expectancy than females.

Question 50

Summarize the myths and facts about the sexual and intellectual changes that occur in older people. What can older people do to maintain their sexual and intellectual performance?

Question 51

Researchers have now identified a few genes as being linked to causing Alzheimer's disease.

Question 52

What is later adulthood?

Question 53

Deep breathing relaxation involves switching one's thinking from daily concerns to one's ideal relaxation place.

Question 54

Does intellectual functioning actually decline in later adulthood? Explain your answer.

Question 55

Define the following: (a)cataracts,(b)glaucoma,(c)macular degeneration.

Question 56

If our body remains at a high level of stress for a prolonged period,a stress-related disorder is apt to develop.

Question 57

What are your thoughts on later adulthood? How old would you want to be before you die?

Question 58

Explain the terms young-old and old-old.

Question 59

Define genetic and nongenetic cellular theories on aging.

Question 60

In later adulthood,what changes occur in: (a)the muscular structure,(b)respiration,and (c)the heart?

Question 61

What is Alzheimer's disease? Describe the intellectual and physical changes that occur in those afflicted.

Question 62

How do sleep patterns change in later adulthood?

Question 63

List ten signals that could be used to measure too high a level of stress.

Question 64

If it were possible,would you want to know the year in which you will die? Why or why not?

Question 65

List and explain the three-stage reaction to stress.

Question 66

List the top four causes of death among older people.

Question 67

Define the three relaxation techniques discussed in the text.

Question 68

List eight health practices that have been found to be positively related to good health and longevity.

Question 69

Define stress and stressors. Outline the relationship between prolonged high stress and physical illnesses. Summarize the techniques to reduce stress.

Question 70

Do the potential benefits of genetic testing outweigh the potential dangers? Explain your reasons.