Deck 17: Human Reflex Physiology

Question 1

The sensory and motor impulses of a reflex follow a specific pathway that consists of a sensory receptor sensory neuron,integration center,motor neuron,and effector organ.This pathway is known as a ________.

A) muscle spindle
B) reflex
C) stretch reflex
D) reflex arc

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Which of the following explains how the motor area on the right side of the brain controls motor function of the left side of the body?

A) Upper motor neurons cross over to the opposite side.
B) Lower motor neurons cross over to the opposite side.
C) The precentral gyrus contains the cell bodies of upper motor neurons.
D) Upper motor neurons synapse with lower motor neurons in the brainstem or spinal cord.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The biceps reflex tests the function of levels ________ of the spinal cord.

A) C5 and C6
B) S1 and S2
C) L2, L3, and L4
D) C7 and C8

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which of the following is a normal response to the plantar reflex test in an adult?

A) extension of the great toe and spreading of the other toes
B) slight extension of the forearm
C) plantar flexion of the foot
D) slight flexion of the forearm

Question 5

Stretch reflexes are triggered by engagement of sensory receptors called ________.

A) sensory receptors
B) skeletal muscles
C) muscle fascicles
D) muscle spindles

Question 6

What would be the clinical significance of a positive Babinski sign in an adult?

A) damage to the descending (motor) tracts in the spinal cord, indicating possible spinal cord damage
B) muscle spindle damage
C) incomplete myelination
D) sensory neuron damage in the spinal cord

Question 7

What would be the clinical significance of an absent or weak triceps reflex?

A) sensory or motor neuron damage along spinal nerves C7 and C8
B) motor neuron damage along spinal nerves C7 and C8
C) sensory neuron damage along spinal nerves C7 and C8
D) sensory or motor neuron damage along spinal nerves S1 and S2

Question 8

Which of the following is a normal response to the plantar reflex test in an infant?

A) plantar flexion of the foot
B) slight flexion of the forearm
C) extension of the great toe and spreading of the other toes
D) slight extension of the forearm

Question 9

Which element of a reflex arc is responsible for receiving and processing sensory information and transferring it to motor neurons?

A) effector organ
B) motor neuron
C) sensory neuron
D) integration center

Question 10

The triceps reflex tests the function of levels ________ of the spinal cord.

A) C5 and C6
B) C7 and C8
C) L2, L3, and L4
D) S1 and S2

Question 11

Which of the following elements of a reflex arc is responsible for delivering sensory impulses from the receptor to the central nervous system?

A) integration center
B) motor neuron
C) sensory neuron
D) sensory receptor

Question 12

Which element of a reflex arc is responsible for carrying out an action in response to a stimulus?

A) motor neuron
B) effector organ
C) sensory receptor
D) sensory neuron

Question 13

A ________ is an automatic,involuntary,and predictable response to a stimulus.

A) reflex
B) plexus
C) effector
D) neuron

Question 14

Which of the following is a normal response to the patellar reflex test?

A) contraction of the quadriceps femoris muscles and slight extension of the leg
B) contraction of the gastrocnemius and soleus coupled with slight plantar flexion
C) spreading of the toes
D) plantar flexion

Question 15

Which of the elements of a reflex arc is responsible for delivering motor impulses from the central nervous system to effector organs?

A) motor neuron
B) sensory neuron
C) integration center
D) sensory receptor

Question 16

After consuming several servings of a beverage containing alcohol,your roommate is unable to maintain the balance required to walk in a straight line.What can this behavior be attributed to?

A) Beverages containing alcohol affect the nervous system but do not impair balance.
B) Beverages containing alcohol have no effect on the nervous system.
C) Alcohol temporarily alters proper functioning of the cerebellum.
D) Alcohol temporarily alters proper functioning of the cerebrum.

Question 17

Reflexes help clinicians assess the functional integrity of the ________.

A) PNS and CNS
B) PNS
C) muscular system
D) CNS

Question 18

Which component of a reflex arc responds to stimuli (either external or internal)?

A) sensory neuron
B) motor neuron
C) integration center
D) sensory receptor

Question 19

Proprioception plays an important role in the ability to ________.

A) climb a rope
B) maintain balance while under the influence of alcohol or drugs
C) maintain hand-eye coordination
D) navigate through a dark home

Question 20

Which of the following explains the difference in response to the plantar reflex test in infants and adults?

A) destruction of motor neurons
B) incomplete myelination of nerve fibers
C) altered sensory processing in the integration center
D) destruction of sensory neurons