Deck 11: Process Design and Layout Planning

Question 1

9)A batch process is used to produce products in ______.

A)large variety in moderate volumes
B)moderate variety in large volumes
C)moderate variety in moderate volumes
D)large variety in large volumes

Answer 1

C

Question 2

17)Achieving successful make-to-order product designs requires that companies use technologies such as ______.

A)computer-aided design (CAD)
B)process mapping
C)Pareto analysis
D)interchangeable parts

Answer 2

A

Question 3

20)Agile manufacturing is ______.

A)the ability of an organization to respond quickly to market changes to produce high-quality products at a reasonable cost
B)the ability of an organization to produce high-quality products while avoiding waste
C)the ability of an organization to respond quickly to customer demands while avoiding defects in production
D)the ability of an organization to produce high-quality products using automated processes and without using any human intervention

Answer 3

A

Question 4

10)Which process does a service firm such as a credit card company use to process bills?

A)project process
B)batch process
C)repetitive process
D)unique process

Question 5

6)Which of the following types of process is correctly described?

A)A project process is used when the product is unique and typically produced one at a time to the customer's specifications.
B)A job-shop process is used when the processing requirements are identical for each product.
C)A continuous process is used when the production process runs from beginning to end of each working day.
D)A flexible process is used when the same resources and equipment can be used to produce entirely different products,ranging from refining oil to producing automobiles.

Question 6

15)If a company's production process is not aligned with the volume and variety demanded of the product,then ______.

A)the company has made a bad decision with regard to choice of process
B)the company needs to stop production
C)the company needs to find a new market for its product
D)the company needs to offshore its production

Question 7

5)Companies have the option of choosing from the following types of processes except ______.

A)project
B)fixed
C)batch
D)repetitive

Question 8

13)In which process is a product tailored to the customer's specifications?

A)job-shop process
B)continuous process
C)project process
D)batch process

Question 9

14)Shifting from one production process to another ______.

A)is difficult
B)is inexpensive
C)can be done quickly
D)can be done without human intervention

Question 10

18)Which of the following is not a production strategy that offers a flexible process required for mass customization?

A)lean manufacturing
B)synchronous manufacturing
C)agile manufacturing
D)poke yoke

Question 11

3)Which of the following terms is correctly paired with its description?

A)A process is a collection of interrelated tasks that convert specific inputs into specific outputs.
B)A process design is the most cost-effective way to convert locally available resources into products for the international market.
C)A process is also known as a project.
D)A process design is the most cost-effective way to be in compliance with government regulations.

Question 12

11)Which of the following is NOT a goal of a repetitive process?

A)high customer satisfaction
B)low unit costs
C)high efficiency
D)high volume of production

Question 13

7)In a job-shop process,processing requirements are different for each product because ______.

A)they contribute to economies of scale in production
B)they produce unique products in low volumes
C)they contribute to economies of scope in production
D)they facilitate continuous production

Question 14

2)Today,businesses are under intense pressure to ______.

A)meet the goals of sustainability
B)employ as many people as possible to be socially responsible
C)make sure business is conducted in as many different countries as possible
D)ensure only locally available resources are used

Question 15

8)A project process is best when ______.

A)there is low demand for a product
B)there is low investment of resources
C)no government regulations are applicable
D)labor is not required,and the project is completely automated

Question 16

4)A firm's process strategy is ______.

A)the strategy a firm follows to produce goods and services determined by resource availability
B)the process used to allocate resources between a conglomerate's different businesses
C)the strategy used to facilitate the choice between rebate coupons and advertising to promote sales
D)the strategy used to be in compliance with government regulations

Question 17

1)Which of the following is NOT among the most important and strategic decisions that operations managers have to make?

A)designing quality products and services
B)capacity planning
C)process design
D)hiring employees to deliver products/services

Question 18

19)Which of the following terms is correctly described?

A)Lean manufacturing allows a company to achieve efficient levels of high-volume,low-cost production.
B)Synchronous manufacturing reduces flexibility in responding to customer demand.
C)Agile manufacturing refers to manufacturing in multiple locations.
D)Distributed manufacturing refers to using different teams in the manufacturing process to maintain objectivity.

Question 19

16)Mass customization combines the advantages of which two processes?

A)job-shop and continuous
B)job-shop and project
C)project and continuous
D)continuous and batch

Question 20

12)A continuous process is characterized by the following except that ______.

A)it is highly automated
B)it operates 24 hours a day
C)it devotes to the production of highly customized products
D)its output typically cannot be counted individually

Question 21

33)Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons a process may need to be reexamined once it has been implemented?

A)There is no longer an alignment between the manufacturing process and the market.
B)There may be potential to make it more cost efficient.
C)There may be potential to make it more responsive to the market.
D)The product is not selling well.

Question 22

36)Which of the following is NOT true of value stream mapping?

A)It is used to analyze and design the flow of materials and information across multiple processes to bring a product or service to a consumer.
B)It enables a process analyst to identify activities that do not add value so that they can be eliminated to reduce waste and improve efficiency.
C)It is a process mapping technique.
D)It assesses the time taken for each step in the value stream.

Question 23

34)Which of the following tools is not correctly paired with its description?

A)assembly drawing: an enlarged view of the product that has detailed listing of all parts and subassemblies
B)assembly chart: a step-by-step pictorial representation of the assembly process.
C)process route sheet: a document that describes the sequence of different operations,places or people involved in a process.
D)process mapping: a graphic that shows different causes contributing to an effect

Question 24

24)Product profiling ______.

A)is a way to evaluate the alignment of the needs of a company's markets with its processes
B)identifies the key product and service dimensions required by a market to be in compliance with government regulations
C)identifies the key product and service dimensions required by a market to be in compliance with ISO requirements
D)identifies the key product and service dimensions required by a market to be in compliance with state audits

Question 25

26)The most significant advantage of automation over human labor is ______.

A)consistency in performance
B)high variance in time taken to perform a task
C)increased frequency of errors
D)the extensive need for programming

Question 26

21)Disadvantages of mass customization include ______.

A)high capital investment
B)high use of capacity
C)increased use of automation
D)decreased quality

Question 27

28)Automation in manufacturing processes can be broadly classified into ______.

A)fixed and flexible
B)temporary and durable
C)agile and synchronous
D)lean and durable

Question 28

35)A process route sheet ______.

A)is a document that describes the sequence of different operations,places,or people involved in a process
B)enables customers to see the details of the work order
C)is a graphic that shows different causes contributing to an effect
D)shows all process-related activities,including inputs and outputs

Question 29

37)The design of service processes is challenging because it involves a trade-off between ______.

A)customer expectations and product price
B)service provider expectations for profits and costs
C)customers' expectations and service providers' desire for efficiency
D)product price and delivery time

Question 30

29)Which type of automation is appropriate for processes designed to produce large volumes of standardized products that have relatively long life cycles?

A)fixed
B)flexible
C)constant
D)continuous

Question 31

30)The term NC machines refers to ______.

A)machines in North Carolina
B)numerically controlled machines
C)numerically consistent machines
D)near catastrophic machines

Question 32

22)Which of the following is FALSE with regard to a process?

A)Selecting a process can be expensive.
B)Implementing a process requires substantial capital investment.
C)The right process can contribute to increased cost of production.
D)The right process can contribute to better responsiveness to customers.

Question 33

23)Examples of increased regulatory pressure on banks include ______.

A)maintaining more solidity
B)restricting loans to more credit-worthy borrowers
C)increased competition from microlending
D)more supervision by the ISO

Question 34

32)Which of the following is NOT true of CAPP?

A)It refers to computer-aided process planning (CAPP).
B)It uses computer technology to assist in planning manufacturing processes.
C)It provides a link between product design and manufacturing.
D)It enables the manufacturer to identify the right target market.

Question 35

39)Processes that require high levels of customer interaction and customization ______.

A)experience little variability
B)are exemplified by professional services (e.g.,a lawyer's services)
C)are usually cheap
D)benefit from economies of scale

Question 36

38)To design processes for services,the operations manager must ______.

A)understand the degree of customer interaction when performing the service
B)understand the degree of customization needed to satisfy the supplier
C)understand the degree of compliance with government regulations required
D)understand the degree of compliance with ISO requirements needed

Question 37

25)Which of the following questions is LEAST likely to influence whether a company should outsource the manufacturing of a part?

A)capacity to produce the component
B)core competencies to produce the component
C)reliability of suppliers
D)potential profit margins

Question 38

27)The disadvantages of automation over human labor are that automation ______.

A)requires a process to be standardized
B)requires high variable costs
C)requires increased human supervision
D)requires intervention by senior management

Question 39

40)In comparison to other areas of service processes,a service shop is characterized by ______.

A)a high level of labor skill
B)a narrower span of supervision
C)a tall managerial hierarchy (i.e.,with many levels in the hierarchy)
D)a low level of customer interaction

Question 40

31)There are several advantages in using robots in manufacturing processes.Which of the following is NOT one of these advantages?

A)Robots can perform difficult tasks.
B)Robots can perform repetitive tasks.
C)Robots can perform dangerous tasks.
D)Robots can perform inexpensive tasks.

Question 41

44)To reduce the variability of its output and improve its productivity,a service firm might ______.

A)decrease the degree of customer interaction
B)increase the degree of customization it provides
C)switch to a different product
D)switch to a different market

Question 42

43)Which of the following statements is FALSE with regard to mass service?

A)The customization of the service is negligible.
B)There is limited contact between customer and service provider.
C)The volume of service is low.
D)The intensity of labor required is high.

Question 43

51)The term make-to-stock refers to ______.

A)products made in anticipation of a specific customer's order
B)products made after receiving a customer's order
C)products made in small volumes
D)products that require little or no customization

Question 44

57)Which of the following is true of engineer-to-order manufacturing?

A)It offers the highest degree of product customization.
B)Examples of products in this category include crude oil,chemicals,and consumer products such as sugar,flour,and salt.
C)It is similar to make-to-order.
D)It is used in high-volume production.

Question 45

52)This manufacturing method is used for products that typically require little or no customization,are produced in large volumes,and are stored as inventory for future use.

A)make-to-stock
B)make-to-order
C)assemble-to-order (ATO)
D)engineer-to-order (ETO)

Question 46

56)Which type of manufacturing/customization is illustrated by production of crude oil,chemicals,and consumer products such as sugar,flour,and salt?

A)make-to-stock
B)make-to-order
C)assemble-to-order
D)engineer-to-order

Question 47

58)Production complexity refers to ______.

A)the complexity involved in producing the product
B)the time involved in marketing the product
C)the time involved in advertising the product
D)the time involved in designing the product

Question 48

46)Recent advances in technology have enabled ______.

A)suppliers to charge a higher price for their services
B)greater choice of service processes
C)suppliers to circumvent government regulations more easily
D)suppliers to circumvent ISO requirements more easily

Question 49

41)Which of the following is NOT a factor to be considered in offering a service?

A)degree of customer interaction
B)intensity of labor
C)degree of customization
D)potential for outsourcing

Question 50

50)Which of the following is NOT one of the four types of customization occurring within manufacturing supply chains?

A)make-to-stock (MTS)
B)make-to-order (MTO)
C)customize-to-stock (CTO)
D)engineer-to-order (ETO)

Question 51

54)The engineer-to-order method ______.

A)offers the highest degree of product customization
B)is exemplified by services offered by lawyers
C)is similar to make-to-stock
D)is usually for high-volume production

Question 52

48)Which of the following is NOT a goal for manufacturers in designing their individual internal processes?

A)to maximize the performance of their supply chains
B)to provide customers with high-quality products and services
C)to provide value at the lowest possible cost
D)to provide at locations most convenient for the manufacturers

Question 53

53)This is a manufacturing method in which basic parts and components of a product are kept in stock and assembled to customer's requirements.

A)make-to-order
B)engineer-to-order
C)assemble-to-order
D)make-to-stock

Question 54

47)Recent advances in technology have enabled ______.

A)service firms to provide useless information to their customers
B)service firms to provide critical information to their customers
C)service firms to provide costly information to their customers
D)service firms to provide technical information to their customers

Question 55

60)A push manufacturing system is one in which production is based on ______.

A)forecasted demand or projected sales
B)customer orders
C)number of assemblies (of parts and components)required for a product
D)ISO standards

Question 56

45)Will preparation,bankruptcy,and uncontested divorces are examples of ______.

A)customized services
B)standard services
C)batch services
D)continuous services

Question 57

49)Which of the following is NOT a goal for manufacturers in designing their individual internal processes?

A)to maximize the performance of their supply chains
B)to provide customers with high-quality products and services
C)to provide at locations most convenient for the manufacturers
D)to provide value at the lowest possible cost

Question 58

59)The choice of a manufacturing method such as MTS,MTO,ATO,and ETO depends on ______.

A)government regulations on production
B)demand variability
C)the General Agreement on Trade and Tariffs
D)ISO standards

Question 59

55)The assemble-to-order process combines the advantages of ______.

A)customize-to-stock and make-to-stock
B)make-to-stock and make-to-order
C)make-to-order and customize-to-stock
D)assemble-to-order and engineer-to-order

Question 60

42)Mass service is characterized by ______.

A)high variety
B)high volume
C)low cost
D)extensive customization

Question 61

72)The point of postponement (POP)is the point ______.

A)that divides the supply chain into the supplier side and the customer side
B)where we have breakeven demand
C)where demand elasticity equals supply elasticity
D)where demand equals supply

Question 62

69)Which of the following is true?

A)The volume of WIP is higher in an ATO process supply chain compared to MTO.
B)In an ATO process supply chain,the degree of customization is low.
C)In an ATO process supply chain,the WIP inventory held as buffer is high.
D)In an ATO process supply chain,the POP occurs further downstream than in an MTO process supply chain.

Question 63

77)Layout decisions ______.

A)are tactical decisions
B)affect the cost and efficiency of manufacturing and warehouse operations
C)are easily modified
D)are subject to government regulation

Question 64

75)A layout ______.

A)is the physical arrangement of work and storage areas,departments,or equipment,within a facility
B)is the physical layout of the plant in relation to adjoining roads and zoning areas
C)is the physical layout of the markets in relation to the production plant
D)is the virtual layout of the technology services

Question 65

74)In an adaptive process,______.

A)the POP is flexible and can be adjusted to employ techniques of all manufacturing processes,such as MTS,ATO,MTO,and ETO
B)the POP is fixed,provided the manufacturing process is ETO
C)the POP is fixed,provided the manufacturing process is MTS
D)the POP is subject to government regulations

Question 66

65)Which of the following is NOT the term used to describe HYPERLINK "E:\\DATA\\BookReview\\Package\\Venkataraman_Chapters_and_Supplements\\C9 MCQ C9.xlsm" \l "RANGE!#REF!" the interface between push and pull systems?

A)the push-pull boundary
B)the point where customization occurs
C)HYPERLINK "E:\\DATA\\BookReview\\Package\\Venkataraman_Chapters_and_Supplements\\C9 MCQ C9.xlsm" \l "RANGE!#REF!" the decoupling point
D)the pull conflict

Question 67

66)Which of the following statements with regard to push and pull systems is true?

A)Push systems are aimed at flooding the market with goods.
B)Pull systems are intended to satisfy the demands of customers.
C)The government regulates push systems better than pull systems.
D)The government regulates pull systems better than push systems.

Question 68

79)Which of the following is NOT one of the basic types of layouts?

A)process
B)product
C)fixed position
D)escalated

Question 69

64)Push and pull manufacturing systems ______.

A)may be used in conjunction with each other
B)may impact how consumer demand is organized
C)influence compliance with government regulations
D)influence compliance with ISO requirements

Question 70

73)Adaptive manufacturing combines ______.

A)lean manufacturing and agile manufacturing
B)agile manufacturing and flexible manufacturing
C)lean manufacturing and agile manufacturing and flexible manufacturing
D)flexible manufacturing with lean manufacturing

Question 71

80)A process layout is often referred to as a ______ layout.

A)functional
B)product
C)fixed position
D)escalated

Question 72

67)The POP point is ______.

A)the point at which the variability in the demand for the product decreases significantly
B)the point that denotes the shortest lead time the customer will tolerate
C)the point of tradeoff between inventory flexibility and customer demand
D)the point that divides the supply chain into the supplier side and the customer side

Question 73

62)In a pull manufacturing system,______.

A)production is based on past trends only
B)production is based on capacity of the manufacturer
C)production is based on actual customer demand
D)production is based on government regulations

Question 74

63)A made-to-order manufacturing process is often a part of a ______.

A)push system
B)pull system
C)demand-based system
D)centrally planned economy

Question 75

68)Work-in-process (WIP)inventory is used ______.

A)as a buffer to increase the chain's flexibility
B)to respond to government requirements
C)to meet ISO standards
D)to be in compliance with good accounting practices

Question 76

71)Industries that have an ETO process supply chain include ______.

A)aerospace and defense
B)oil refineries
C)computer manufacturing
D)commodity production (e.g.,salt,sugar)

Question 77

61)In a push manufacturing system,______.

A)demand is forecast using historical data
B)demand is forecast using future trends
C)production is based on actual customer demand
D)production is based on government regulations

Question 78

78)Layouts ______.

A)once implemented,can be easily changed
B)may need to be changed to respond more rapidly to market opportunities
C)are regulated by the government
D)may need to be in compliance with ISO standards

Question 79

70)In an ATO process supply chain,______.

A)the volume of WIP inventory held as buffer is low
B)the degree of customization is low
C)the POP occurs further downstream than in an MTO process supply chain
D)the volume of WIP is the same as in the MTO process supply chain

Question 80

76)Which of the following is LEAST likely to be one of the main goals of layout planning?

A)achieving the appropriate product or service quality
B)eliminating waste through the efficient use of workers and space
C)eliminating bottlenecks in product or service flows
D)achieving customer satisfaction