Deck 34: Cancer Terminology and Diagnosis

Question 1

In addition to the lumpectomy performed for her breast carcinoma,Joan Bentley also had a/an ____________ biopsy done to remove the first site that receives drainage from the primary breast tumor.

A) punch
B) incisional
C) sentinel node
D) stereotactic

Answer 1

sentinel node

Question 2

The period of time after treatment during which there are no signs and symptoms of cancer is known as:

A) prophylaxis.
B) remedy.
C) relapse.
D) remission.

Answer 2

remission.

Question 3

An intrathecal catheter will deliver a chemotherapy drug to treat cancer of the:

A) bladder.
B) bone marrow.
C) spinal cord.
D) peritoneum.

Answer 3

spinal cord.

Question 4

A patient with ovarian cancer has a series of blood tests done.The alpha fetoprotein level is high.Which of the following statements is true regarding this level?

A) The high alpha fetoprotein level indicates that the cancer is responding well to treatment.
B) The high alpha fetoprotein level is normal and has no relationship to the cancer.
C) The alpha fetoprotein level is not usually done in ovarian cancer patients.
D) The high alpha fetoprotein level indicates that the cancer may be advanced.

Question 5

The combining form cyt/o- means :

A) cancer.
B) cell.
C) nucleus.
D) tumor.

Question 6

Which of the following is a healthcare professional who deals with the field of oncology and cancer?

A) DNA
B) FIGO
C) CTR
D) PSA

Question 7

The combining form ne/o- means :

A) cancerous.
B) growth; formation.
C) new.
D) tumor; mass.

Question 8

The process by which normal embryonic cells assume different shapes and functions in different parts of the body is called:

A) metastasis.
B) differentiation.
C) oncogenesis.
D) angiogenesis.

Question 9

Osteosarcoma is cancer of the:

A) brain.
B) lung.
C) bone.
D) muscle.

Question 10

What is ALL?

A) a type of IV catheter
B) a type of blood cancer
C) a type of biopsy
D) a cancer healthcare worker

Question 11

Which is not a factor contributing to the development of cancer?

A) heredity
B) trauma to the body
C) pathogens
D) carcinogens

Question 12

Cancer cells that are described as undifferentiated may also be referred to as:

A) metastatic.
B) hormonal.
C) oncogenic.
D) embryonal.

Question 13

Excision of the tumor as well as the nearby organs because of wide-spread cancer is known as:

A) brachytherapy.
B) debulking.
C) endoscopy.
D) exenteration.

Question 14

Which treatment involves radioactive implants (needles,wires,capsules,pellets/seeds) inserted into the tumor or the tissue around the tumor?

A) intravenous radiotherapy
B) external beam radiotherapy
C) intracavitary radiotherapy
D) interstitial radiotherapy

Question 15

The process of single cell destruction or programmed cell death is known as:

A) apoptosis.
B) mitosis.
C) necrosis.
D) oncogene.

Question 16

A retinoblastoma is an embryonal cancerous tumor of the ____________ that occurs in young children.

A) brain
B) liver
C) eye
D) testis

Question 17

Which is a medical procedure that classifies cancer by how well differentiated the cells appear under the microscope?

A) staging
B) layering
C) grading
D) sizing

Question 18

Carcinomatosis means :

A) a toxic level of cancer in the blood.
B) abnormal cells that look like cancer.
C) a condition of carcinoma in a specific site.
D) cancerous tumors in multiple sites.

Question 19

Which blood test can point to cancer of the prostate gland when the result is elevated?

A) CA 15-3
B) HCG
C) CEA
D) PSA

Question 20

Which of the following is not a carcinogen?

A) heredity
B) radiation
C) industrial chemicals
D) some chemotherapy drugs

Question 21

____________ is a surgical procedure to remove a small tumor without taking any surrounding tissue.

A) Radical resection
B) Lumpectomy
C) Exploratory laparotomy
D) Punch biopsy

Question 22

A procedure that uses radiopaque contrast dye to outline the structures of the lymphatic system is known as a ____________ .

Question 23

The ____________ is a gel-like substance that fills the cell.

Question 24

____________ ____________ is used to stage cervical cancer.

A) Dukes Classification
B) TNM system
C) Bethesda System
D) Alpha fetoprotein

Question 25

Cancer of an embryonal cell of the kidney that occurs in young children is called Wilms' tumor or ____________.

Question 26

____________ sarcoma is a rare cancer of the skin and subcutaneous tissue usually seen in AIDS patients.

Question 27

Which word parts do you need to build a medical word that means tumor of a lymph gland?

A) -ia, dys-, plas/o-
B) -esis, angi/o-, gen/o-
C) -pathy, lymph/o-, aden/o-
D) -oma, lymph/o-, sarc/o-

Question 28

A ____________ is the return of symptoms or signs of cancer after a period of improvement or even remission.

Question 29

____________ is the study of the anatomy and physiology of cancer cells,including diagnostic tests,various treatments,and drugs.

Question 30

A ____________ is done during surgery so that the surgeon knows immediately if the tissue is cancerous or not.

A) frozen section
B) karyotype
C) receptor assay
D) mammography

Question 31

The ____________ is used to stage malignant melanoma.

A) Jewett Classification
B) Clark Level
C) Bethesda System
D) Dukes Classification

Question 32

Excision of a cancerous tumor as well as excision of all nearby lymph nodes,soft tissue,and muscle is a ____________ resection.

Question 33

A ____________ is a malignant tumor of fatty tissue.

Question 34

____________ is the condition of atypical cells that are abnormal in size,shape,or organization but have not yet become cancerous.

Question 35

Manually examining the characteristics of leukocytes under a microscope to look for leukemia is a test known as a/an ____________.

A) alpha fetoprotein
B) karyotype
C) blood smear
D) frozen section

Question 36

The abbreviation Bx means ____________.

Question 37

Which of the following statements is false?

A) Neoplasms are tumors that are always malignant.
B) Bronchogenic carcinoma occurs in the lung.
C) Liposarcoma is a cancer of the fat and connective tissue.
D) Leukemia is a cancer of the white blood cells.

Question 38

All of the following are true about cancer cells except ____________.

A) They form a tumor that is irregular in shape and not encapsulated
B) They often divide more rapidly than normal cells
C) There is only one primary site but there may be several secondary sites
D) The greater the number of undifferentiated cells, the better the prognosis

Question 39

The combining form sarc/o- means :

A) connective tissue.
B) malignant cell.
C) muscle.
D) organ.

Question 40

Process by which cancerous cells break off from a tumor and move through the blood vessels or lymphatic vessels to other sites in the body.Select the correct spelling of this term.

A) mastastasis
B) metestesis
C) mestatasis
D) metastasis

Question 41

CAUTION is the acronym for the warning signs for some common cancers.

Question 42

The Philadelphia chromosome appears in:

A) fibrosarcoma.
B) chronic myelogenous leukemia.
C) adenocarcinoma.
D) small cell carcinoma.

Question 43

Alkylating drugs are used to break DNA strands in cancerous cells and are considered a type of chemotherapy drug.

Question 44

Which type of cancer affects the connective tissues?

A) lymphoma
B) myeloma
C) carcinoma
D) sarcoma

Question 45

The human papillomavirus that causes genital warts can lead to cervical cancer in women.

Question 46

Remission is the return of the symptoms and signs of a cancer that was previously treated.

Question 47

Suppressor genes stimulate mitosis and keep each cell from dividing excessively.

Question 48

An implantable wafer containing a chemotherapy drug is implanted in a tumor before it has been removed.

Question 49

The Reed-Sternberg cell appears in a biopsy from which cancer?

A) adenocarcinoma
B) Hodgkin's lymphoma
C) multiple myeloma
D) chronic myelogenous leukemia

Question 50

Which drug is used to treat the nausea and vomiting that occurs after chemotherapy?

A) Adriamycin
B) Cesamet
C) protocol
D) hormonal drug

Question 51

Which procedure uses a CT scan to pinpoint the location of a mass in three dimensions and guide the biopsy needle?

A) incisional biopsy
B) stereotactic biopsy
C) punch biopsy
D) sentinel node biopsy

Question 52

Which is a process by which cancerous cells break off from a tumor and move through the blood vessels or lymphatic vessels to other sites in the body?

A) metastasis
B) mitosis
C) mutation
D) angiogenesis

Question 53

The Hickman,Broviac,and Groshong are:

A) types of leukemia.
B) intraperitonal catheters.
C) central venous catheters.
D) grading systems for cancerous cells.

Question 54

Mary McLaughlin's breast cancer is staged as: T3 N1 M0.This means that:

A) she has a small localized tumor with no spread to other organs.
B) she has a large tumor that has spread to a lymph node but not to other organs.
C) she has a large tumor that has spread to lymph nodes and to surrounding muscle tissue.
D) she has three separate tumors with lymph node spread but no metastases.

Question 55

Debulking is a surgical procedure where a surgeon removes only part of a large tumor in order to reduce its size.

Question 56

A cell is the smallest,independently functioning structure in the body that can reproduce itself by division.

Question 57

Ewing's sarcoma of the subcutaneous tissues can appear as a complication of AIDS.

Question 58

Basal cell carcinoma is a type of ____________ cancer.

A) cervical
B) skin
C) breast
D) bladder

Question 59

Dysplasia describes a cancer that is localized and still contained in the area of origin.

Question 60

Which medical procedure involves liquid nitrogen being sprayed or painted onto a small malignant lesion to freeze and destroy the tissue?

A) cryosurgery
B) fractionation
C) brachytherapy
D) electrosurgery

Question 61

Cancer of the smooth muscle layer in the uterus,digestive tract,bladder,or prostate gland.Select the correct spelling of this word.

A) lyomiosarcoma
B) leiomyosarcoma
C) lieomiosarcoma
D) lieomyosarkoma

Question 62

Each of these pairs contain 2 types of cancer that are the same except:

A) hepatoma; hepatocellular carcinoma.
B) Kaposi's sarcoma; malignant melanoma.
C) small cell carcinoma; oat cell carcinoma.
D) astrocytoma; glioblastoma multiforme.

Question 63

The suffix -oma means :

A) abnormal condition.
B) cancer.
C) growth; formation.
D) tumor; mass.

Question 64

The combining form gen/o- means :

A) arising from; produced by.
B) DNA; RNA.
C) gene.
D) genetic inheritance.

Question 65

Cancerous tumors release a substance that causes blood vessels in the surrounding tissues to grow into the tumor to provide it with nutrients.This process is known as:

A) encapsulation.
B) angiogenesis.
C) oncogenesis.
D) carcinogenesis.

Question 66

Which word parts do you need to build a medical word that means tumor of the bone and connective tissue?

A) -graphy, blast/o-, onc/o-
B) -ist, aden/o-, hepat/o-
C) -oma, oste/o-, sarc/o-
D) -pathy, surg/o-, lip/o-

Question 67

All of the following are true about cancer cells except ____________.

A) they have an immature, embryonal appearance
B) they reach out and invade nearby tissues
C) they show differentiation and an orderly arrangement
D) they can cause nearby blood vessels to come to them and bring nutrients

Question 68

Hodgkin's disease is a type of ____________.

A) sarcoma
B) adenocarcinoma
C) lymphoma
D) lung cancer

Question 69

____________ inhibit mitosis and keep a cell from dividing excessively.

A) Mutations
B) Lymphadenopathy
C) Suppressor genes
D) Karyotypes

Question 70

Which of the following statements about breast cancer is false?

A) Measurements of ER and PR receptors are used to determine the treatment and prognosis.
B) The Her2/neu gene affects the treatment and prognosis.
C) The alpha fetoprotein level in the blood is abnormally low.
D) Mammography is used to detect tumors in the breast.

Question 71

The Jewett classification is used to stage cancer of the ____________.

A) prostate gland
B) blood
C) ovary
D) bladder

Question 72

Which is a blood test that detects a protein normally present in an embryo but only seen in adults who have cancer?

A) HCG
B) CEA
C) AFP
D) UA

Question 73

A condition of atypical cells that are abnormal in size,shape,or organization but have not yet become cancerous is called:

A) carcinomatosis.
B) dysplasia.
C) neoplasia.
D) adenocarcinoma.

Question 74

Which syllable is the primary accented syllable in the pronunciation of the medical word carcinogen (kar-sin-oh-jen)?

A) kar
B) sin
C) oh
D) jen

Question 75

Which statement is true?

A) Chemotherapy protocols use a combination of several different chemotherapy drugs that are administered together.
B) Chemotherapy drugs never contain platinum.
C) Chemotherapy drugs cannot include hormonal drugs because hormones will make a tumor grow.
D) There are no antibiotic chemotherapy drugs because antibiotics are used to treat infections and cancer is not an infection.

Question 76

____________ is a genetic mutation that significantly increases the risk of breast cancer.

A) HCG
B) CEA
C) BRCA1
D) PSA

Question 77

A sometimes benign,sometimes malignant tumor of the ovary that contains hair and teeth is known as a:

A) Wilms' tumor.
B) neuroblastoma.
C) seminoma.
D) teratoma.

Question 78

What type of biopsy is done with a large-gauge needle inserted into the tumor to obtain several long pieces of tissue?

A) core needle
B) excisional
C) fine-needle aspiration
D) punch

Question 79

The combining form squam/o- means :

A) changing over from one thing to another.
B) scale-like cell.
C) skin cancer.
D) tumor; mass.

Question 80

The word metastasis means :

A) encapsulated.
B) moving to other parts of the body.
C) caused by heredity.
D) out of control.